scholarly journals Modeling the Putative Ancient Distribution of Aedes togoi (Diptera: Culicidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A H Peach ◽  
Benjamin J Matthews
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Niche Modeling ◽  
Interglacial Period ◽  
Last Interglacial

Abstract The coastal rock pool mosquito, Aedes (Tanakius) togoi (Theobald) (Diptera: Culicidae), is found in coastal east Asia in climates ranging from subtropical to subarctic. However, a disjunct population in the Pacific Northwest of North America has an ambiguous heritage. Two potential models explain the presence of Ae. togoi in North America: ancient Beringian dispersal or modern anthropogenic introduction. Genetic studies have thus far proved inconclusive. Here we described the putative ancient distribution of Ae. togoi habitat in east Asia and examined the climatic feasibility of a Beringian introduction into North America using modern distribution records and ecological niche modeling of bioclimatic data from the last interglacial period (~120,000 BP), the last glacial maximum (~21,000 BP), and the mid-Holocene (~6000 BP). Our results suggest that suitable climatic conditions existed for Ae. togoi to arrive in North America through natural dispersal as well as to persist there until present times. Furthermore, we find that ancient distributions of suitable Ae. togoi habitat in east Asia may explain the genetic relationships between Ae. togoi populations identified in other studies. These findings indicate the utility of ecological niche modeling as a complementary tool for studying insect phylogeography.

scholarly journals Modelling the Putative Ancient Distribution of the Coastal Rock Pool Mosquito Aedes togoi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel AH Peach ◽  
Benjamin J Matthews
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Niche Modeling ◽  
Interglacial Period ◽  
Rock Pool ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Aedes Togoi

The coastal rock pool mosquito, Aedes togoi, is found in coastal east Asia in climates ranging from subtropical to subarctic. However, a disjunct population in the Pacific Northwest of North America has an ambiguous heritage. Two potential models explain the presence of Ae. togoi in North America: ancient Beringian dispersal or modern anthropogenic introduction. Genetic studies have thus far proved inconclusive. Here we described the putative ancient distribution of Ae. togoi habitat in east Asia and examined the climatic feasibility of a Beringian introduction into North America using modern distribution records and ecological niche modeling of bioclimatic data from the last interglacial period (~120,000 BP), the last glacial maximum (~21,000 BP), and the mid-Holocene (~6000 BP). Our results suggest that suitable climatic conditions existed for Ae. togoi to arrive in North America through natural dispersal as well as to persist there until present times. Furthermore, we find that ancient distributions of suitable Ae. togoi habitat in east Asia may explain the genetic relationships between Ae. togoi populations identified in other studies. These findings indicate the utility of ecological niche modeling as a complementary tool for studying insect phylogeography.

scholarly journals Cryptococcus gattii: Emergence in Western North America: Exploitation of a Novel Ecological Niche

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kausik Datta ◽  
Karen H. Bartlett ◽  
Kieren A. Marr
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Cryptococcus Gattii ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Recent Emergence

The relatively uncommon fungal pathogenCryptococcus gattiirecently emerged as a significant cause of cryptococcal disease in human and animals in the Pacific Northwest of North America. Although genetic studies indicated its possible presence in the Pacific Northwest for more than 30 years,C. gattiias an etiological agent was largely unknown in this region prior to 1999. The recent emergence may have been encouraged by changing conditions of climate or land use and/or host susceptibility, and predictive ecological niche modeling indicates a potentially wider spread.C. gattiican survive wide climatic variations and colonize the environment in tropical, subtropical, temperate, and dry climates. Long-term climate changes, such as the significantly elevated global temperature in the last 100 years, influence patterns of disease among plants and animals and create niche microclimates habitable by emerging pathogens.C. gattiimay have exploited such a hitherto unrecognized but clement environment in the Pacific Northwest to provide a wider exposure and risk of infection to human and animal populations.

Ecological niche modeling (ENM) of Leptoglossus clypealis a new potential global invader: following in the footsteps of Leptoglossus occidentalis?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Leonela Olivera ◽  
Eugenia Minghetti ◽  
Sara I. Montemayor
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Niche Breadth ◽  
Niche Modeling ◽  
Ecological Niche Models ◽  
Leptoglossus Occidentalis ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Niche Models

Abstract The introduction of alien species is one of the main problems in conservation. Many successful invaders cause severe economic and ecological damage. Such is the case of Leptoglossus occidentalis, a phytophagous true bug native to North America, which has become a pest in Europe, Asia, Africa and South America. Within the genus, another species whose distributional range is expanding toward the east of North America is Leptoglossus clypealis. As climate determines the successful establishment of insects, the identification of climatically suitable areas for invasive species based on ecological niche models (ENMs) offers an excellent opportunity for preventing invasions. In this study, ENMs were built for both species and their native climatic niches were compared. Their niche breath was also measured. The climatic niches of both species are identical and the niche breadth of L. clypealis is broader than that of L. occidentalis. In view of the great ecological resemblance between these two species, we believe that L. clypealis could became a major pest thus it should be carefully monitored. The results of the present worldwide ENMs showed numerous regions with suitable conditions for the establishment of both species. The future ENMs exhibited a retraction in the suitable areas in North America, Europe and Asia.

An Overview of Historical Distribution Patterns of Chalcides ocellatus (Forsskål, 1775) Using Ecological Niche Modelling: the Taurus Mountains as a Refugium

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 319-326
Author(s):  
Kamil Candan ◽  
Çetin Ilgaz ◽  
Yusuf Kumlutaş ◽  
Serkan Gül
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Niche Modelling ◽  
Taurus Mountains ◽  
Historical Distribution ◽  
Chalcides Ocellatus ◽  
The Last Glacial

The Taurus Mountains that have a very rich biodiversity are one of the most important mountain chains in Anatolia. In this study, we examined distribution patterns of Chalcides ocellatus that has a restricted dispersal between the Taurus Mountains from the past to current using ecological niche modeling. The Taurus Mountains have played the role as a refugium area in which C. ocellatus could survive through a period of unfavorable conditions. Especially in the glaciation period, Amanos Mountains in the Middle Taurus as an isolating barrier appeared unsuitable habitats for the lineages of C. ocellatus. This indicated that the lineages of C. ocellatus were formed as a result of habitat fragmentation during the last glacial maximum and last interglacial, and were consequently adapted to different climatic conditions.

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