scholarly journals Phage Therapy is Effective in Protecting Honeybee Larvae from American Foulbrood Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Ghorbani-Nezami ◽  
Lucy LeBlanc ◽  
Diane G. Yost ◽  
Penny S. Amy
Keyword(s):  
Phage Therapy ◽  
American Foulbrood ◽  
American Foulbrood Disease

scholarly journals Bystander Phage Therapy: Inducing Host-Associated Bacteria to Produce Antimicrobial Toxins against the Pathogen Using Phages

Antibiotics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Brady ◽  
Christopher Fajardo ◽  
Bryan Merrill ◽  
Jared Hilton ◽  
Kiel Graves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
American Foulbrood ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Brevibacillus Laterosporus ◽  
Bystander Killing

Brevibacillus laterosporus is often present in beehives, including presence in hives infected with the causative agent of American Foulbrood (AFB), Paenibacillus larvae. In this work, 12 B. laterosporus bacteriophages induced bactericidal products in their host. Results demonstrate that P. larvae is susceptible to antimicrobials induced from field isolates of the bystander, B. laterosporus. Bystander antimicrobial activity was specific against the pathogen and not other bacterial species, indicating that the production was likely due to natural competition between the two bacteria. Three B. laterosporus phages were combined in a cocktail to treat AFB. Healthy hives treated with B. laterosporus phages experienced no difference in brood generation compared to control hives over 8 weeks. Phage presence in bee larvae after treatment rose to 60.8 ± 3.6% and dropped to 0 ± 0.8% after 72 h. In infected hives the recovery rate was 75% when treated, however AFB spores were not susceptible to the antimicrobials as evidenced by recurrence of AFB. We posit that the effectiveness of this treatment is due to the production of the bactericidal products of B. laterosporus when infected with phages resulting in bystander-killing of P. larvae. Bystander phage therapy may provide a new avenue for antibacterial production and treatment of disease.

scholarly journals Using palynological evidence from royal jelly to mediate the spread of Paenibacillus larvae in Brazil

Hoehnea ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Fernandes Pinto da Luz ◽  
Lubiane Guimarães-Cestaro ◽  
José Eduardo Serrão ◽  
Dejair Message ◽  
Marta Fonseca Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Paenibacillus Larvae ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
American Foulbrood ◽  
Pollen Spectrum ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
American Foulbrood Disease

ABSTRACT Royal jelly may contain pollen grains and their presence can be used to determine the phytogeographical origin of the product. This study analyzed the phytogeographical origin of commercial royal jelly samples from São Paulo State, tested as part of the Brazilian Federal Inspection System (SIF), found to be contaminated with spores of the bacterium Paenibacillus larvae, that causes the American Foulbrood Disease. The pollen grains of Castanea had the highest total percentage, with lower percentages of Cirsium/Carduus, Cistus, Parthenocissus, Prunus, Quercus, Robinia, Scrophulariaceae, Taraxacum, Tilia, among others. This pollen spectrum is incompatible with royal jelly samples produced in Brazil. The pollen spectrum resembled that of an imported product, compatible with the Northern Hemisphere origin. Brazilian legislation does not require the phytogeographic origin of imported bee products to be analyzed by palynological procedures, but it is mandatory to have a certificate issued by the country of origin attesting the absence of pathogens, monitored with the objective of preventing the exotic diseases from entering Brazil. Palynology, therefore, proved to be fundamental in detecting imports of this contaminated batches.

THE USE OF GAMMA RADIATION FROM COBALT-60 IN THE CONTROL OF DISEASES OF THE HONEYBEE AND THE STERILIZATION OF HONEY

1962 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Katznelson ◽  
J. A. Robb
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
American Foulbrood ◽  
American Foulbrood Disease ◽  
Nosema Disease

Honeycomb and honey heavily contaminated with spores of Bacillus larvae (agent of American foulbrood disease of honeybee larvae) were exposed to gamma radiation from cobalt-60. Sterility was achieved by a dose of 1.5 × 106 to 2.0 × 106 rads. Sugar-tolerant yeasts in honey were effectively destroyed by a dose of 1 × 106 rads whereas cysts of Nosetna apis (agent of nosema disease of adult bees) were inactivated by a dose of 0.2 × 106 rads. The economic feasibility of using gamma radiation to sterilize honeycomb, honey, wax, supers, package cages, and related beekeeping equipment is discussed.

scholarly journals Lincomycin hydrochloride for the control of American foulbrood disease of honey bees

Apidologie ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark F. Feldlaufer ◽  
Jeffery S. Pettis ◽  
Jan P. Kochansky ◽  
Grant Stiles
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
American Foulbrood ◽  
American Foulbrood Disease
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