Assisted reproductive technology: in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD)

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen V. Firth ◽  
Jane A. Hurst ◽  
Judith G. Hall
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Vitro Fertilization

In Vitro Fertilization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica R Zolton ◽  
Rhea Chattopadhyay ◽  
Alan H. DeCherney
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Releasing Hormone

Assisted reproductive technology (ART) encompasses all procedures that manipulate the oocytes, sperm, and embryos outside of the body. Decades of research have allowed the field to emerge as a reliable and safe treatment for infertile men and women. Indications for in vitro fertilization (IVF) include tubal factor infertility, anovulation, male factor infertility, and decreased ovarian reserve. Treatment is not limited to the infertile population, as IVF with preimplantation genetic diagnosis also offers patients an opportunity to prevent transmission of a genetic condition for which they have been found to carry. The field of ART continues to rapidly evolve, as more knowledge is gained from studies reporting on ovarian stimulation protocols, reproductive techniques such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and blastocyst transfer. Techniques are aimed to improve live birth rates while ensuring the optimal health of children conceived using IVF. This review contains 8 figures, 5 tables and 63 references Key Words: assisted reproductive technology, blastocyst, decreased ovarian reserve, embryo transfer, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, luteal phase support, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, vitrification

scholarly journals Caesarean section in pregnancies conceived by assisted reproductive technology: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakeisha A. Lodge-Tulloch ◽  
Flavia T. S. Elias ◽  
Jessica Pudwell ◽  
Laura Gaudet ◽  
Mark Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Vitro Fertilization

Abstract Background Caesarean section rates are higher among pregnancies conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART) compared to spontaneous conceptions (SC), implying an increase in neonatal and maternal morbidity. We aimed to compare caesarean section rates in ART pregnancies versus SC, overall, by indication (elective versus emergent), and by type of ART treatment (in-vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), fresh embryo transfer, frozen embryo transfer) in a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We searched Medline, EMBASE and CINAHL databases using the OVID Platform from 1993 to 2019, and the search was completed in January 2020. The eligibility criteria were cohort studies with singleton conceptions after in-vitro fertilization and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection using autologous oocytes versus spontaneous conceptions. The study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and GRADE approach. Meta-analyses were performed using odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) using random effect models in RevMan 5.3, and I-squared (I2) test > 75% was considered as high heterogeneity. Results One thousand seven hundred fifty studies were identified from the search of which 34 met the inclusion criteria. Compared to spontaneous conceptions, IVF/ICSI pregnancies were associated with a 1.90-fold increase of odds of caesarean section (95% CI 1.76, 2.06). When stratified by indication, IVF/ICSI pregnancies were associated with a 1.91-fold increase of odds of elective caesarean section (95% CI 1.37, 2.67) and 1.38-fold increase of odds of emergent caesarean section (95% CI 1.09, 1.75). The heterogeneity of the studies was high and the GRADE assessment moderate to low, which can be explained by the observational design of the included studies. Conclusions The odds of delivering by caesarean section are greater for ART singleton pregnancies compared to spontaneous conceptions. Preconception and pregnancy care plans should focus on minimizing the risks that may lead to emergency caesarean sections and finding strategies to understand and decrease the rate of elective caesarean sections.

Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Options for the At-Risk Couple

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber Mathiesen ◽  
Kali Roy
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Increased Risk

For those with an increased risk of having a child with a genetic condition, reproductive options include avoiding pregnancy altogether, undertaking prenatal diagnosis in a current pregnancy, and preventing the transmission of the genetic changes responsible for the condition to a child. This chapter on assisted reproductive technology and reproductive options for the at-risk couple describes the basic techniques of assisted reproductive technologies as well as reproductive testing options prior to in vitro fertilization, including preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). It includes a brief overview of ovarian stimulation, intrauterine insemination (IUI), and in vitro fertilization. This chapter discusses the details of PGS including the process and its limitations. It also includes a discussion of PGD, including the process, such as linkage analysis, and limitations, such as allele dropout.

scholarly journals Caesarean Section in Pregnancies Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakeisha A Lodge-Tulloch ◽  
Flavia T. S. Elias ◽  
Jessica Pudwell ◽  
Laura Gaudet ◽  
Mark Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Vitro Fertilization

Abstract Background: Caesarean section rates are higher among pregnancies conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART) compared to spontaneous conceptions (SC), implying an increase in neonatal and maternal morbidity. We aimed to compare caesarean section rates in ART pregnancies versus SC, overall, by indication (elective versus emergent), and by type of ART treatment (in-vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), fresh embryo transfer, frozen embryo transfer) in a systematic review and meta‐analysis.Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE and CINAHL databases using the OVID Platform from 1993-2019, and the search was completed in January 2020. The eligibility criteria were cohort studies with singleton conceptions after in-vitro fertilization and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection using autologous oocytes versus spontaneous conceptions. The study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were performed using odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) using random effect models in RevMan 5.3, and I-squared (I2) test > 75% was considered as high heterogeneity.Results: 1750 studies were identified from the search of which 34 met the inclusion criteria. Compared to spontaneous conceptions, IVF/ICSI pregnancies were associated with a 1.93-fold increase of odds of caesarean section (95% CI 1.78, 2.09). When stratified by indication, IVF/ICSI pregnancies were associated with a 2.12-fold increase of odds of elective caesarean section (95% CI 1.63, 2.77) and 1.57-fold increase of odds of emergent caesarean section (95% CI 1.27, 1.95). Conclusions: The odds of delivering by caesarean section are greater for ART singleton pregnancies compared to spontaneous conceptions. Preconception and pregnancy care plans should focus on minimizing the risks that may lead to emergency caesarean sections and finding strategies to understand and decrease the rate of elective caesarean sections.

In Vitro Fertilization, Assisted Reproductive Technology

2013 ◽  
pp. 1050-1052
Author(s):  
Marie Boltz ◽  
Holly Rau ◽  
Paula Williams ◽  
Holly Rau ◽  
Paula Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Vitro Fertilization
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