Childhood Movement Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 632-647
Author(s):  
Paul E. Youssef ◽  
Kenneth J. Mack
Keyword(s):  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Childhood Disorders ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
In Infants And Children

The phenomenology and classification of movement disorders are similar for adults and children, but the causes and approach are distinct. In children, hyperkinetic disorders are more common than hypokinetic disorders. Furthermore, some disorders are present exclusively in infants and children; others may begin in childhood and persist into adulthood. This chapter focuses primarily on movement disorders that begin in childhood. Disorders that occur in children or adults without a specific predilection are covered in individual movement disorders sections.

scholarly journals Inconsistent classification of unexplained sudden deaths in infants and children hinders surveillance, prevention and research: recommendations from The 3rd International Congress on Sudden Infant and Child Death

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 622-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Goldstein ◽  
◽  
Peter S. Blair ◽  
Mary Ann Sens ◽  
Carrie K. Shapiro-Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Congress ◽  
Medical Examiner ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
In Infants And Children

Abstract This report details the proceedings and conclusions from the 3rd International Congress on Unexplained Deaths in Infants and Children, held November 26–27, 2018 at the Radcliffe Institute at Harvard University. The Congress was motivated by the increasing rejection of the diagnosis Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) in the medical examiner community, leading to falsely depressed reported SIDS rates and undermining the validity and reliability of the diagnosis, which remains a leading cause of infant and child mortality. We describe the diagnostic shift away from SIDS and the practical issues contributing to it. The Congress was attended by major figures and opinion leaders in this area from countries significantly engaged in this problem. Four categories (International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11 categories of MH11, MH12, MH14, PB00-PB0Z) were recommended for classification, and explicit definitions and guidance were provided for death certifiers. SIDS was reframed as unexplained sudden death in infancy or SIDS/MH11 to emphasize that either term signifies the lack of explanation following a rigorous investigation. A distinct category for children over the age of 1 was recommended (MH12). Definitions and exclusions were provided for the alternative categories of accidental asphyxia and undetermined. As recommended, unexplained sudden death in infancy or SIDS on a death certificate will code a unique, trackable entity, accurately reflecting the inability to determine a definitive explanation, while satisfying surveillance needs and reliable identification for research efforts. The conclusions will be submitted to the World Health Organization for inclusion in the upcoming ICD-11.

Understanding Limited Use of Amplification in Infants and Children Who Are Hard of Hearing

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan W. McCreery ◽  
Elizabeth A. Walker ◽  
Meredith Spratford
Keyword(s):  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In Infants And Children

The effectiveness of amplification for infants and children can be mediated by how much the child uses the device. Existing research suggests that establishing hearing aid use can be challenging. A wide range of factors can influence hearing aid use in children, including the child's age, degree of hearing loss, and socioeconomic status. Audiological interventions, including using validated prescriptive approaches and verification, performing on-going training and orientation, and communicating with caregivers about hearing aid use can also increase hearing aid use by infants and children. Case examples are used to highlight the factors that influence hearing aid use. Potential management strategies and future research needs are also discussed.

MRI FINDINGS OF MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (S 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
CS Chi ◽  
HF Lee ◽  
CR Tsai ◽  
CH Chen ◽  
LH Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Diseases ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
In Infants And Children
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document