Understanding Limited Use of Amplification in Infants and Children Who Are Hard of Hearing

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan W. McCreery ◽  
Elizabeth A. Walker ◽  
Meredith Spratford
Keyword(s):  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In Infants And Children

The effectiveness of amplification for infants and children can be mediated by how much the child uses the device. Existing research suggests that establishing hearing aid use can be challenging. A wide range of factors can influence hearing aid use in children, including the child's age, degree of hearing loss, and socioeconomic status. Audiological interventions, including using validated prescriptive approaches and verification, performing on-going training and orientation, and communicating with caregivers about hearing aid use can also increase hearing aid use by infants and children. Case examples are used to highlight the factors that influence hearing aid use. Potential management strategies and future research needs are also discussed.

Considerations for Hearing Aid Use in Infants and Children Who Have Mild Bilateral Hearing Loss

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Marlene P. Bagatto
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Bilateral Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Case Reasoning ◽  
In Infants And Children

In some jurisdictions, infants with mild bilateral hearing loss (MBHL) are identified through Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programs. Monitoring and intervention are necessary; however, it is unclear whether all infants with MBHL would benefit from the use of hearing aids. Audiologists have demonstrated uncertainty with hearing aid recommendations likely due to the lack of reported outcomes of infants and children with MBHL who wear hearing aids. Through a case study describing an infant identified with MBHL, several factors are defined in this paper that aim to support case-by-case reasoning regarding a hearing aid recommendation. Reference to a decision support guide (Bagatto & Tharpe, 2014) serves as the basis for this work.

Sentence-Based Experience Logging in New Hearing Aid Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3S) ◽  
pp. 631-637
Author(s):  
Katja Lund ◽  
Rodrigo Ordoñez ◽  
Jens Bo Nielsen ◽  
Dorte Hammershøi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Patient Experiences ◽  
Online Tool ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Hearing Rehabilitation ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

Purpose The aim of this study was to develop a tool to gain insight into the daily experiences of new hearing aid users and to shed light on aspects of aided performance that may not be unveiled through standard questionnaires. Method The tool is developed based on clinical observations, patient experiences, expert involvement, and existing validated hearing rehabilitation questionnaires. Results An online tool for collecting data related to hearing aid use was developed. The tool is based on 453 prefabricated sentences representing experiences within 13 categories related to hearing aid use. Conclusions The tool has the potential to reflect a wide range of individual experiences with hearing aid use, including auditory and nonauditory aspects. These experiences may hold important knowledge for both the patient and the professional in the hearing rehabilitation process.

THE INTERACTIONS OF VERTEBRATES AND INVERTEBRATES IN PEATLANDS AND MARSHES

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (S140) ◽  
pp. 15-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry R. Murkin ◽  
Bruce D.J. Batt
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dead Plant ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
And Function

AbstractThis paper reviews the interactions of vertebrates and invertebrates in peatlands and marshes to assess current knowledge and future research needs. Living organisms may interact through a number of direct trophic and nutrient pathways and a variety of non-trophic, habitat-dependent relationships. Freshwater marshes and peatlands are dynamic aquatic environments and organisms that occupy these areas must be adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions. The avian community illustrates the main interactions of invertebrates and vertebrates in peatlands and marshes. Waterfowl, along with fish and furbearers, are the most economically important vertebrates using these habitats. Each of these groups has important trophic and habitat links to the invertebrates within wetlands.The most common interaction between vertebrates and invertebrates is the use of invertebrates as food by vertebrates. Few studies, however, have dealt with trophic dynamics or secondary production within wetlands. Waterfowl, fish, and many other wetland vertebrates, during all or part of their life cycles, regularly feed on invertebrates. Some invertebrates are vectors of disease and parasites to vertebrates. Vertebrates can directly affect the structural substrate that invertebrates depend on as habitat through consumption of macrophytes or through the use of living and dead plant material in the construction of houses and nests. Conversely, herbivorous invertebrates may directly affect the survival and distribution of macrophytes in wetlands. Macrophyte distribution, in turn, is an important factor in determining vertebrate use of wetlands. The general lack of both taxonomic and ecological information on invertebrates in wetlands is the main hindrance to future elucidation of vertebrate–invertebrate interactions in these environments. Development of invertebrate sampling techniques suitable for wetland habitats also is necessary. More specific research needs must be met to develop a better understanding of the structure and function of these dynamic systems.

Recent research on landslide dams - a literature review with special attention to New Zealand

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Korup
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Landslide Dam ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Landslide Dams ◽  
Spatio Temporal

More than a decade has passed since the publication of the benchmark paper of Costa and Schuster (Costa, J.E. and Schuster, R.L. 1988: The formation and failure of natural dams. Geological Society of America Bulletin 100, 1054-68) on the formation and failure of natural dams. This review takes a critical look at recent trends and developments in international and New Zealand-based research on landslide dams. Temporary or permanent stream blockages by mass movements commonly occur in steep terrain, and gradually receive more attention and awareness with increasing population and land use pressure in upland regions. Different approaches in methodology and their relevance and application potential for engineering and mitigative measures are reviewed and several shortcomings outlined, with a view towards possible future research directions. A high percentage of previous work on landslide dams has been mainly descriptive in character, and has produced a multitude of documented case studies. Recent attempts to redress the balance have included the establishment of global and nationwide databases (inventories) of landslide dams, progress in predictive, quantitative and GIS-based modelling. Furthermore, interpretative approaches towards the reconstruction of former stream blockages and their spatio-temporal distribution patterns have been pursued, which may assist assessments of present and future geomorphic hazards. Both such appraisals as well as management strategies in mountainous regions in general, will have to rely on key data efficiently extracted from a plethora of case examples. Further work includes consideration of temporal and permanent landslide-triggered stream impoundments within Quaternary landscape evolution, quantification of sediment budgets and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. Overall, there is still a considerable lack of understanding of geomorphic forms and processes involved with landslide-dam formation, stability and failure, part of which is inherent in the often ephemeral nature of stream blockages in coupled hillslope-valley systems.

scholarly journals Trends and Predictors of Longitudinal Hearing Aid Use for Children Who Are Hard of Hearing

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 38S-47S ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Walker ◽  
Ryan W. McCreery ◽  
Meredith Spratford ◽  
Jacob J. Oleson ◽  
John Van Buren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Hearing Aid Use

scholarly journals Audiological Rehabilitation for Facilitating Hearing Aid Use: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 248-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashir Aazh ◽  
Brian C. J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Hearing Handicap

AbstractThis article reviews and critically analyzes the design of studies on the effect of audiological rehabilitation (AR) programs on hearing aid (HA) outcomes, in order to guide future research.The design of this study was a narrative review. Studies were included in the review if they were randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of AR on HA use and outcome between 2000 and 2016.Seven articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in the review. Most used educational rather than counseling approaches. Although educational AR programs seem to be useful in enhancing the use of communication strategies, there is limited evidence for their effect on HA use and self-perceived hearing handicap.More research is needed in this field. Future studies should (1) investigate the efficacy of AR interventions based on counseling and empathetic listening as opposed to or in addition to educational interventions, (2) use stricter criteria to include only a subpopulation of patients who do not get on well with their HAs, (3) measure the amount of HA use via data-logging and self-report questionnaires, and (4) use a matching comparison intervention for patients in the control group.

scholarly journals Industrial hemp and its potential

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARNAB BHOWMIK
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Seed ◽  
Wide Range

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is an emerging high-value specialty crop that can be cultivated foreither fiber, seed, or cannabidiol (CBD). The demand for hemp and its products has been consistently onthe rise in the 21st century. The United States of America has reintroduced hemp and legalizedits production as an agricultural commodity through the 2018 Federal Farm Bill. Although thereis a renewed interest in the adoption of hemp due to the emerging market, its production in theUnited States remains limited partly because of unclear agronomic guidance and fertilizationrecommendations. This review article provides information on the current agronomic managementpractices that are available in the literature and identifies the future research needs for cultivating thismultipurpose crop to address the growing market demands. Hemp production could be beneficialif managed properly. Hemp fertilizer requirements vary in accordance with the type of hempgrown (seed, fiber, or CBD), soil, environmental conditions and requires a wide range of macro- andmicronutrients. Integrating management practices in hemp cultivation intended to build soil health ispromising since the hemp cropping system is suitable for crop rotation, cover cropping, and livestockintegration through animal waste applications. Hemp also has significant environmental benefitssince it has the potential to remediate contaminated soils through phytoremediation, convert highamounts of atmospheric CO2 to biomass through bio-sequestration, and hemp biomass for bioenergyproduction. This review identifies that most of the agronomic research in the past has been limitedto hemp fiber and, to some extent, hemp seed but not CBD hemp. With the increase in the globalmarkets for hemp products, more research needs to be conducted to provide agronomic guidelinesfor sustainable hemp production.

Concussion in Youth Sport: Developmental Aspects

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey Covassin ◽  
Kyle M. Petit ◽  
Morgan Anderson
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Mood Changes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Education And Awareness

Sport-related concussion (SRC) is a growing health concern, particularly in younger, at-risk athletic populations. These injuries commonly present with a wide range of clinical signs (i.e., poor coordination, behavioral, mood changes) and symptoms (i.e., headache, dizziness, difficulty concentrating), along with neurocognitive and vestibular/ocular impairments. This review of SRCs in youth athletes focuses on individuals 5–18 years of age and includes an overview of concussion (i.e., definition, signs/symptoms, epidemiology), as well as concussion education and awareness. This is followed by a review of SRC assessment and management strategies, along with common recovery, return-to-play, and treatment approaches. Finally, suggestions are made for future research and recommendations pertaining to SRC in youth athletes.

scholarly journals Experiences of hearing aid use among patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease dementia: A qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212090457
Author(s):  
Sarah Gregory ◽  
Jo Billings ◽  
Danielle Wilson ◽  
Gill Livingston ◽  
Anne GM Schilder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Age Range

Objectives: Hearing aid usage supports communication and independence; however, many do not use their hearing aids. This study explored the experiences of hearing aid use in adults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: Participants completed semi-structured interviews which were analysed using thematic analysis. Ten people (six males, age range 75–86 years old) with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer’s disease who had been fitted with hearing aids were recruited to the study. Results: We identified four major themes: (1) memory and other cognitive barriers to using hearing aids, (2) practical aspects of hearing aids, (3) benefits of hearing aids, and (4) ambivalence towards hearing aids. Conclusions: Participants perceived a significant impact of cognitive impairment on the experience of using hearing aids. This population may benefit from targeted strategies to support use of hearing aids. The findings from this study can inform future research to optimise use of hearing aids in this population.

scholarly journals The PREVALENCE OF CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISORDERS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN RAWALPINDI, PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1616-21
Author(s):  
Ayesha Batool ◽  
Saeed Zaman ◽  
Ammara Ayub ◽  
Kulsum Bilal ◽  
Qudratullah Malik
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Inherited Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In Infants And Children

Objective:  To determine the frequency of a wide range of clinical presentations of inherited metabolic disorders diagnosed in infants and children at a tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of Study: MH Rawalpindi, from June 2015 till June 2016. Material and Methods:  64 children diagnosed with metabolic disorders, reporting to the MH Rawalpindi, were enrolled in the study. History was taken with special reference to family history, consanguineous marriage, sibling’s death and clinical manifestations. Thorough physical examination was done in every patient to find out the clinical signs present. All the data was recorded on a proforma. SPSS-20 version was used to derive the results and p-value of <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: In children with metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal manifestations were more significant 78·1% (p-value 0.022). Neurological signs were present in 60·9% (p-value 0.094) while respiratory manifestations were present in 15·6% children (p-value 0.251). 53·1% were males and 46·9% were females. The positive history of other affected children in family was significant (p-value 0.015), along with hypoglycaemia (p-value 0.001). Conclusion:  Pallor, failure to thrive, poor feeding, convulsions, lethargy and hypoglycemia were the most frequent clinical manifestations in children with metabolic disorders.

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