Benign cardiac tumours

2018 ◽  
pp. 469-473
Author(s):  
Cristina Basso ◽  
Peter T Buser ◽  
Stefania Rizzo ◽  
Massimo Lombardi ◽  
Gaetano Thiene
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Differentiation ◽  
Atrioventricular Node ◽  
Cystic Tumour ◽  
Cardiac Tumours ◽  
Mesenchymal Differentiation ◽  
Additional Group ◽  
Myocyte Differentiation ◽  
Benign Tumours ◽  
Myofibroblastic Differentiation

Benign primary cardiac tumours are categorized, depending on their cellular differentiation. Benign tumours of myocyte differentiation are rhabdomyomas; those of pluripotent mesenchymal differentiation include myxomas, fibroelastomas, and haemangiomas, and those of myofibroblastic differentiation include fibromas. Lipomas and cystic tumour of the atrioventricular node form an additional group of miscellaneous masses. For each of these tumours, histopathology and CMR findings are presented.

Epidemiology and classification

2018 ◽  
pp. 463-465
Author(s):  
Cristina Basso ◽  
Peter T Buser ◽  
Stefania Rizzo ◽  
Massimo Lombardi ◽  
Gaetano Thiene
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Cardiac Tumours ◽  
Cardiac Metastases ◽  
Benign Tumours ◽  
Cardiac Masses ◽  
Secondary Tumours

Cardiac masses include tumours, thrombi, vegetations, calcific lesions, and other very rare conditions. Cardiac tumours include benign tumours and tumour-like lesions, malignant tumours, and pericardial tumours. The estimated prevalence for primary cardiac tumours is 1:2.000 and for secondary tumours 1:100 autopsies. The incidence of cardiac metastases ranges from 2.3% to 18.3% of patients with extra-cardiac malignancies. About 10% of primary cardiac tumours are malignant and 90% benign. The majority of primary benign cardiac tumours are myxomas, followed by papillary fibroelastomas. Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas are the most common primary malignant cardiac tumours, followed by angiosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma.

Cystic tumour of the atrioventricular node: a case report

Pathology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebo Oost ◽  
Tersia Vermeulen
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Atrioventricular Node ◽  
Cystic Tumour

scholarly journals Cystic tumour of the atrioventricular node

Heart ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Nojima
Keyword(s):  
Atrioventricular Node ◽  
Cystic Tumour

scholarly journals Primary leiomyoma of the left ventricle leading to sudden and unexpected death in a 74-year-old male: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Yahaya
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Cardiac Tumours ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Benign Tumours

Abstract Background Primary cardiac tumours arising from smooth muscle cells are said to be very rare in the literature. Primary leiomyoma of the heart particularly in men is extremely rare. To the best of my knowledge, there are only two reported cases of boys with primary leiomyoma of the heart in the English literature. Most of leiomyoma tumours involving the heart reported in the literature are a result of cardiac extensions of intravenous leiomyomatosis through the inferior vena cava. Case presentation A case of left ventricular primary leiomyoma in a 74-year-old male is reported. He had no known previous history of heart disease but he died suddenly and unexpectedly. At autopsy, the heart measured 420 gm and when it was opened, a solid tumour of size 4 × 3 × 2 cm involving the lower left ventricle on the anterior aspect of the heart was found. The tumour was extending to the left ventricular septum and was growing by protruding into the left ventricle chamber which finally was confirmed histopathologically to be a leiomyoma. Conclusion Cardiac benign tumours are rare and can be life threatening because of embolization following their detachment which is manifested clinically by stroke. Additionally, they are clinically asymptomatic; therefore, they cannot be easily detected. In case of clinical suspicion, echocardiography and other imaging diagnostic tests should be used to confirm presence of a tumour.

scholarly journals Cystic tumour of the atrioventricular node: can an electrophysiological study predict sudden death?

EP Europace ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1334-1334
Author(s):  
Kazutaka Ueda ◽  
Osamu Tagusari ◽  
Masashi Kasao
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Electrophysiological Study ◽  
Atrioventricular Node ◽  
Cystic Tumour

scholarly journals An atypical cause of myocardial infarction: case report of an obstructing papillary fibroelastoma of the aortic valve

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niamh Logan ◽  
Mohammad Sirajul Islam ◽  
Jehan Zeb Chughtai ◽  
Niamh F Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Case Series ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Papillary Fibroelastoma ◽  
Cardiac Tumours ◽  
Systemic Embolization ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Benign Tumours

Abstract Background Papillary fibroelastomas are rare primary cardiac tumours with a prevalence of 0.01% at autopsy. They are histologically benign tumours but have been demonstrated through case series to confer an increased risk of thrombo-embolism resulting in: transient ischaemic attack, stroke, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary and systemic embolization. Case summary A 54-year-old woman presented with central chest pain radiating to her left arm. At presentation there was a significant troponin rise; initial high-sensitivity troponin-I (hsTn-I) 660 pg/mL increased to 3340 pg/mL at 6 h. Coronary angiogram did not reveal any obstructing coronary artery disease. Echocardiography revealed a rounded, mobile mass on the left coronary cusp of the aortic valve suspicious for papillary fibroelastoma. The patient underwent shave excision of the lesion. Intra-operatively it was noted that the mass intermittently sat within the ostium of the left main resulting in its occlusion. Histology confirmed a papillary fibroelastoma. Discussion Primary cardiac tumours are rare but can cause life-threatening complications such as stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac arrest. In the literature, the mechanism of these complications is mainly attributed to thrombo-embolism. This case demonstrates the utility of echocardiogram in investigating and diagnosing a rare cause of myocardial infarction and highlights an unusual mechanism, that is tumour causing obstruction of the coronary ostium.

scholarly journals Cystic tumour of the atrioventricular node: treatment dilemma

2017 ◽  
pp. bcr-2017-219314
Author(s):  
Wael Abuzeid ◽  
Robert B H Myers
Keyword(s):  
Atrioventricular Node ◽  
Cystic Tumour

scholarly journals 413 Challenges in the field of cardiac tumours: the surgical experience of Trieste

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_G) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Restivo ◽  
Antonio De Luca ◽  
Matteo Castrichini ◽  
Alessandro Pierri ◽  
Elisabetta Rauber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Tumor ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Cardiac Tumors ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Surgical Experience ◽  
Cardiac Tumours ◽  
Pleomorphic Sarcoma ◽  
Benign Tumours

Abstract Aims Cardiac tumors are rare and heterogeneous entities which still remain a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The treatment for most cardiac tumors is prompt surgical resection. We sought to provide an overview of surgical results from a series of consecutive patients treated at our tertiary centre during almost a 20-year experience. Methods and results In this single centre study, 55 consecutive patients with cardiac tumor underwent surgical treatment from January 2002 to April 2021. Of these, 42% of patients were male and the mean age was 62 ± 12 years. Almost 27% of patients were symptomatic at the time of the diagnosis, mostly for dyspnoea and palpitations. The most frequent benign cardiac tumor was myxoma (58% of cases), occurring mainly in the left atrium (97%). Pleomorphic sarcoma was the most frequent primary malignant cardiac tumour (7.2% of cases), mainly located in the ventricles (25% left ventricle; 50% right ventricle). In all cases of benign tumors surgery was successful with no relapses. In 50% of cases of pleomorphic sarcoma relapses were observed during follow-up. After a median follow-up of 44 months, 15 (27%) patients died. While malignant tumors presented a limited survival, benign tumours showed a very good prognosis. Conclusions Cardiac tumours require a multidisciplinary work-up to guarantee a prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. In our surgical experience, the prognosis of benign tumours was excellent, while malignant tumours had poor outcomes despite radical surgery.

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