Colorectal cancer

2018 ◽  
pp. 357-368
Author(s):  
Abdullah Jibawi ◽  
Mohamed Baguneid ◽  
Arnab Bhowmick
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Bowel Habit ◽  
Primary Cancer ◽  
Local Staging ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Rectal Cancer Treatment ◽  
Dukes C

Colorectal cancer may present with anaemia, bleeding, bowel habit change, or as an emergency with obstruction/perforation. Diagnosis is most commonly on endoscopy and biopsy. CT staging is a universal assessment, and MRI is used for local staging of rectal cancer. Treatment is according to stage, but primary cancer is most often resected, and principles of resection in the colon and rectum are discussed. Neo-adjuvant radiotherapy is given in moderate or high risk rectal cancer. Adjuvant chemotherapy is recommended for Dukes C tumours and for selected Dukes B.

Rectal Cancer Treatment Outside of the Screening Age in Australia and New Zealand: An Analysis of the Bi-National Colorectal Cancer Audit (BCCA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. e106
Author(s):  
Meike Van Harten ◽  
Emma Greenwood ◽  
Sergei Bedrikovetski ◽  
Ronald Hunter ◽  
Hidde Kroon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Rectal Cancer Treatment

scholarly journals Treatment of Patients With Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer: ASCO Resource-Stratified Guideline

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainhoa Costas-Chavarri ◽  
Govind Nandakumar ◽  
Sarah Temin ◽  
Gilberto Lopes ◽  
Andres Cervantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
En Bloc Resection ◽  
Bloc Resection ◽  
Mesorectal Excision ◽  
Consensus Process ◽  
En Bloc

PURPOSE To provide resource-stratified, evidence-based recommendations on the treatment and follow-up of patients with early-stage colorectal cancer. METHODS ASCO convened a multidisciplinary, multinational Expert Panel that reviewed existing guidelines and conducted a modified ADAPTE process and a formal consensus process with additional experts for one round of formal ratings. RESULTS Existing sets of guidelines from 12 guideline developers were identified and reviewed; adapted recommendations from six guidelines form the evidence base and provide evidence to inform the formal consensus process, which resulted in agreement of 75% or more on all recommendations. RECOMMENDATIONS For nonmaximal settings, the recommended treatments for colon cancer stages nonobstructing, I-IIA: in basic and limited, open resection; in enhanced, adequately trained surgeons and laparoscopic or minimally invasive surgery, unless contraindicated. Treatments for IIB-IIC: in basic and limited, open en bloc resection following standard oncologic principles, if not possible, transfer to higher-level facility; in emergency, limit to life-saving procedures; in enhanced, laparoscopic en bloc resection, if not possible, then open. Treatments for obstructing, IIB-IIC: in basic, resection and/or diversion; in limited or enhanced, emergency surgical resection. Treatment for IIB-IIC with left-sided: in enhanced, may place colonic stent. Treatment for T4N0/T3N0 high-risk features or stage II high-risk obstructing: in enhanced, may offer adjuvant chemotherapy. Treatment for rectal cancer cT1N0 and cT2n0: in basic, limited, or enhanced, total mesorectal excision principles. Treatment for cT3n0: in basic and limited, total mesorectal excision, if not, diversion. Treatment for high-risk patients who did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy: in basic, limited, or enhanced, may offer adjuvant therapy. Treatment for resectable cT3N0 rectal cancer: in enhanced, base neoadjuvant chemotherapy on preoperative factors. For post-treatment surveillance, a combination of medical history, physical examination, carcinoembryonic antigen testing, imaging, and endoscopy is performed. Frequency depends on setting. Maximal setting recommendations are in the guideline. Additional information can be found at www.asco.org/resource-stratified-guidelines . NOTICE It is the view of the American Society of Clinical Oncology that health care providers and health care system decision makers should be guided by the recommendations for the highest stratum of resources available. The guidelines are intended to complement but not replace local guidelines.

Adenocarcinoma of the Colon and Rectum

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winson Jianhong Tan ◽  
Martin R. Weiser
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Systemic Chemotherapy ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Rectal Cancer Surgery ◽  
Colon And Rectal Cancer ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Of The Colon ◽  
Surgery Management

Despite advances in systemic chemotherapy, surgery remains the mainstay of treatment in colorectal cancer. While there are similarities in the principles of colon and rectal cancer surgery, there are specific considerations that are unique to the surgical management of rectal cancer. In this chapter, we discuss the surgical management of colon and rectal cancer and highlight pertinent differences in the surgical management of rectal cancer. This review contains 9 figures, 2 tables, and 76 references. Keywords: Colon, Rectal, Colorectal Cancer, Adenocarcinoma, Surgery, Management

High Risk of Rectal Cancer and of Metachronous Colorectal Cancer in Probands of Families Fulfilling the Amsterdam Criteria

2013 ◽  
Vol 257 (5) ◽  
pp. 900-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Cirillo ◽  
Emanuele DL. Urso ◽  
Giovanni Parrinello ◽  
Salvatore Pucciarelli ◽  
Dario Moneghini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Amsterdam Criteria ◽  
Metachronous Colorectal Cancer

scholarly journals O53 Faecal immunochemical testing: cost effective way stratifying symptomatic patients for urgent straight to test investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J K Seehra ◽  
F Khasawneh ◽  
B Singh
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Secondary Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bowel Habit ◽  
Sensor Platform ◽  
Testing Cost ◽  
Immunochemical Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Test Investigation

Abstract Introduction Quantitative faecal immunochemical test (FIT) offers the opportunity to stratify symptomatic ‘high risk’ colorectal patients for further investigation. Method FIT was introduced in primary care to stratify ‘high risk’ symptomatic patients aged 60 years and above with a change in bowel habit to determine whether an urgent straight to test (STT) CT colonography (CTC) was indicated. All FIT tests were analysed in a national bowel screening hub using the OC-Sensor platform. A result of ≥ 4 μgHb/gFaeces, was used as the cut-off. All FIT results were cross referenced with a prospectively maintained colorectal cancer registry to determine the colorectal cancer detection rate (CRC). Data was analysed from February 2018-December 2019. Result The mean number of total CTC performed per month pre-FIT was 240 (range 185–278) and reduced to 217 (range 183–264) post-implementation (P < 0.05). The number referred under the STT pathway was 167 (range 119–209) reducing to 131 (range 91–153) (P < 0.05), however there was a corresponding rise in the number of non-STT referrals from outpatients 73 (range 44–105) to 85 (range 60–111) (P < 0.05). Conclusion FIT has the potential to reduce the burden on secondary care investigations to exclude bowel cancer. Our experience has shown that a conservative FIT level of < 4ug/ml has reduced numbers of STT referrals by 22%. Take-home Message FIT can be used for symptomatic patients with a change in bowel habits to stratify the need for further investigations. Post-implementation, FIT has reduced STT referral rates and reduced the burden placed on secondary care.

scholarly journals Total Colectomy with Subtotal Proctocolectomy of High Risk Colorectal Cancer Patients

2018 ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Fadhil Ahmed Mohialdeen
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Total Colectomy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Bowel Habit ◽  
Operative Outcomes

Lynch syndrome is known by an early incidence colorectal cancer and comparatively common synchronous and metachronous neoplastic polyps or cancer or both. The aim of the current study to explore the beneficial of prophylactic colectomy in high risk patients with colorectal cancer. The medical records of 42 colorectal patients whom underwent surgery between 2006 and 2017 of the above hospitals diagnosed as colorectal cancer diseases were retrospectively reviewed. A Structured interview questionnaire was used. The questionnaire was including information on Socio- demographic data such as; age, gender, address, occupation and marital status. In addition, data on the presentation of the disease was obtained and data on complications and post-operative outcomes were also recorded. 42 patients were studied and the mean age ±SD of their age were 49.5± (10.2), 52.4% were male and 47.6% were female.76.1 % of the patients present with a bleeding per-rectum,71.4, 66.6, 61.9 present with abdominal pain, change in bowel habit and abdominal pain respectively. Abdominal mass and rectal mass were 11.9 and 9.5, the most common site of cancer was sigmoid, rectum and caecum 26.19, 14.3 and 11.9 respectively. The post-operative outcome was very less among patients, wound infection, seroma, incisional hernia and chest infection (7%, 7%, 4% and 4% respectively. We concluded from the current study that colorectal cancer with the technique of prophylactic total colectomy with or without subtotal proctectomy that increase the survival, decrease the morbidity and make the endoscopic follow –up easier and more comfortable to the patients for short and long follow-up interval. 

Elevated IL-8 levels in the drainage vein of resectable Dukes' C colorectal cancer indicate high risk for developing hepatic metastasis

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Haraguchi ◽  
Ko Komuta ◽  
Arifumi Akashi ◽  
Sumihiro Matsuzaki ◽  
Junichiro Furui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatic Metastasis ◽  
Drainage Vein ◽  
Dukes C
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