Psychological Interventions for Cognitive Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder

2019 ◽  
pp. 241-256
Author(s):  
Claudia Woolf ◽  
Loren Mowszowski ◽  
Sharon Naismith
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Neuropsychological Impairment ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Neuropsychological Dysfunction ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Full Remission ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders

Major depressive disorders (MDD) are common and disabling, and are linked to functional impairment and increased mortality. While current treatments for MDD are moderately effective, ultimately up to one-third of patients do not achieve full remission. Interestingly, while affective symptoms of depression resolve with the resolution of a depressive episode, cognitive or neuropsychological impairment persists, and has been identified as one of the most prominent predictors of ongoing disability, reduced quality of life, and illness recurrence. Yet available treatments in MDD do not typically address neuropsychological dysfunction. Cognitive training, however, despite a small and heterogeneous evidence base, represents a promising and novel therapeutic intervention for neuropsychological impairment in MDD, which may yield neuropsychological, affective, and functional benefits.

scholarly journals Somatics Symptoms and Depression: A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
M. Herrera-Estrella ◽  
E. Izar ◽  
K. Luna ◽  
M. Cuellar-García
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Somatic Complaints ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
The World ◽  
Receive Treatment ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Aims: The objective of this review has been to highlight the importance of non-specific and painful symptoms of depression since sometimes the person does not notice or is not able to talk about their emotional symptoms. This leads us to refine the search for symptoms that can mask depression and not be treated properly. This is important as it is predicted that by 2020 depression will be the leading cause of disability in the world. Method: We review some articles that relate depression to painful symptoms. Results: Patients with the major depressive disorder may present, as initial complaints, multiple somatic complaints, nonspecific and especially pain, which complicates their diagnosis and sometimes leads them to not receive treatment for depression, complicating its evolution and deteriorating the quality of life. Conclusion: Depression can have many forms of presentation, people can complain of multiple non-specific symptoms, which do not allow a diagnosis of medical disease so it will be necessary to look for affective symptoms, investigate factors that trigger their condition to achieve an adequate diagnosis, provide the indicated medication and allow them a better quality of life. 

The quality of life in dysthymic and major depressive disorders

1997 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 256S
Author(s):  
F. Cavaglia ◽  
A. Matos-Pires ◽  
M. Botelho ◽  
M. Oliveira ◽  
F. Arriaga
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders

scholarly journals To evaluate the efficacy of Brahmi Ghrita in the management of Vishada (depression)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pravin Mali
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders ◽  
The Subject

Depressed mood, helplessness, worthlessness and hopelessness were the symptoms present in more than 95% of the subjects. 33 subjects displaying the symptoms of Vishada (Depression) within the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Subjects with suicidal tendencies, other psychiatric disorders, major depressive disorders, and pregnant women were excluded. A dose of 6 grams of Brahmi  Ghrita was given twice a day. The effect of the therapy was assessed using Hamilton’s Depression Rating Scale, and Self prepared. Rating Scale of Vishada, based on the scoring achieved by the subject before and after treatment. The result of the study can be summarized as follows - the overall effect of the therapy proves that after thirty days of treatment many symptoms of depression decrease in magnitude, with statistical significance. The drugs present in Brahmi  Ghrita are Srotoshodhaka  and medhya (purify the channels of the body and improves intellectual ability), Vatanulomaka ( corrects the direction of the flow of vata), Vatahara (reduce the level of Vata present in the body), and stimulant in nature. These properties inherently remove the avarana of Kapha and act on Vata. At this juncture, we can conclude that Brahmi  Ghrita has good results in managing Vishada (Depression), within thirty days of treatment.

Depression in Amputation Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Arazy Gifta Prima
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders ◽  
The Common ◽  
General Mobility

Amputation alters the quality of life with an undeniable negative somatic and functional impact. The patient’s general mobility is impaired and there is an increase in metabolic needs as well as pain and discomfort. Etiologies are quite diverse: essentially vascular pathologies (74%) for the lower limbs and trauma related (61%) for the upper limbs. Thus, an important number of patients have to face amputation-related consequences. Pain (stump, phantom limb, back pain) is frequently described in 65 to 75% of patients after an amputation as well as the common onset of major depressive disorders for 35% of them. With the incidence of depression after limb amputation increasing in the patients, we sought to summarize the management of depression in amputation patients.

In patients with major depressive disorders, depression, stress axis activity and problem solving skills as a proxy of executive functions are unrelated

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S524-S524
Author(s):  
S. Brand ◽  
M. Hatzinger ◽  
U.M. Hemmeter ◽  
D. Sadeghi Bahmani ◽  
E. Holsboer-Trachsler
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Transfer Performance ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Cognitive Information ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders ◽  
Over Time

IntroductionMajor depressive disorders (MDD) are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders worldwide. While there is abundant literature showing that an increased cortisol secretion, understood as a proxy of the deteriorated hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical axis activity (HPA AA), and poor cognitive performance are tightly related, less is known as regards to the HPA AA and higher cognitive information processes such as problem solving.AimsInvestigating the association between cortisol secretion and problem solving performance among patients with MDD.MethodsFifteen inpatients with MDD (HDRS > 24; mean age: 59 years; 80% females) underwent a pharmacologic HPA AA challenge both at baseline and six weeks later to assess the cortisol secretion. They were treated with standard antidepressants at therapeutic dosages. Further, they learned how to solve the Tower-of-Hanoi problem-solving task (ToH-PS-T) and how to apply the problem solving strategy to other tasks (transfer). Testing occurred both at baseline and six weeks later. Outcome variables were symptoms of depression, cortisol secretion and the performance to transfer the acquired ToH-PS-T.ResultsBoth symptoms of depression and cortisol secretion decreased over time, and transfer performance increased over time. Neither at baseline nor six weeks later, symptoms of depression, transfer performance and cortisol secretion were statistically related.ConclusionsThe pattern of results suggests that cortisol secretion as a proxy of physiological stress regulation, symptoms of depression, and higher order cognitive performances seem unrelated. Given that cognitive information processing performance substantively increased regardless from depression and cortisol secretion, problem-solving skills need to be focused separately.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Depression in Amputation Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Arazy Gifta Prima
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders ◽  
The Common ◽  
General Mobility

Amputation alters the quality of life with an undeniable negative somatic and functional impact. The patient’s general mobility is impaired and there is an increase in metabolic needs as well as pain and discomfort. Etiologies are quite diverse: essentially vascular pathologies (74%) for the lower limbs and trauma related (61%) for the upper limbs. Thus, an important number of patients have to face amputation-related consequences. Pain (stump, phantom limb, back pain) is frequently described in 65 to 75% of patients after an amputation as well as the common onset of major depressive disorders for 35% of them. With the incidence of depression after limb amputation increasing in the patients, we sought to summarize the management of depression in amputation patients.

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