Orthodontics

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-172
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Distraction Osteogenesis ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
The Face ◽  
Structured Approach

This chapter discusses the growth of the face, development of the dentition, and prevention and correction of occlusal anomalies, providing a concise overview of the fundamentals of orthodontics. Definitions relevant to orthodontics are outlined as well as a structured approach to orthodontic assessment. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need is explained, and its implications highlighted. The chapter also simplifies cephalometrics before detailing the management of increased overbite, anterior open bite, increased overjet, and various other dental and skeletal malocclusions. A further area included in this chapter is orthognathic surgery. The section includes diagnosis and treatment planning in these cases, surgery, and distraction osteogenesis.

scholarly journals Prevalence and change of malocclusions from primary to early permanent dentition: A longitudinal study

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 728-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillemor Dimberg ◽  
Bertil Lennartsson ◽  
Kristina Arnrup ◽  
Lars Bondemark
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Deep Bite ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
New Development

ABSTRACT Objective:  To follow a group of children from primary to early permanent dentition and determine the prevalence, self-correction, and new development of malocclusions; the need for orthodontic treatment; and the possible influences of habits, breathing disturbances, and allergies. Materials and Methods:  Two hundred and seventy-seven children were followed at 3, 7, and 11.5 years of age. Malocclusions and orthodontic treatment need were determined by clinical examinations. Data on sucking habits, breathing disturbances, allergies, dental trauma, and orthodontic treatments were collected from a questionnaire and dental records. Results:  Malocclusions were found in 71% of participants at 3 years of age, 56% at 7 years of age, and 71% at 11.5 years of age. Self-correction was noted for anterior open bite, sagittal malocclusions, and posterior crossbite, while deep bite developed. A high number of contact point displacements and spacings contributed to the prevalence of malocclusion rate of 71% at 11.5 years. Severe or extreme orthodontic treatment need was apparent in 22%. Habits, allergies, or breathing disturbances found at 3 years of age had no associations with malocclusions at 11.5 years of age. Conclusions:  This sample revealed a significant percentage of malocclusions and orthodontic treatment need. A substantial number of self-corrections and establishment of new malocclusions occurred during the transition from primary to early permanent dentition.

Dual Segmental Distraction Osteogenesis of the Midface in a Patient with Apert Syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Takashima ◽  
Noriyuki Kitai ◽  
Shumei Murakami ◽  
Satoshi Takagi ◽  
Ko Hosokawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distraction Osteogenesis ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Apert Syndrome ◽  
Postoperative Treatment ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Maxillary Protraction ◽  
Midfacial Hypoplasia ◽  
Mandibular Teeth

Objective To present orthodontic treatment combined with dual segmental distraction osteogenesis in a patient with Apert syndrome. Patient A 15-year-old boy exhibited severe midfacial hypoplasia with retruded and hypoplastic maxilla and anterior open bite. The patient was treated with a rigid external distraction II system for distraction osteogenesis, a preadjusted edgewise appliance, and a modified maxillary protraction headgear. The concave profile with midfacial hypoplasia was improved. A tight occlusal relationship between maxillary and mandibular teeth was achieved. Postoperative treatment results have been stable for 1 year.

Idiopathic condylar resorption in orthodontics

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Salwa El-Habbash ◽  
Timothy McSwiney
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Mandibular Movement ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Surgical Risk ◽  
Multiple Treatment

Condylar resorption (CR) can be categorized into functional and dysfunctional remodelling of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The literature describes dysfunctional remodelling of the TMJ as idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR). Idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) is a well-documented but poorly understood pathological entity that can occur spontaneously or post-orthognathic surgery. It predominantly affects young women, with other risk factors including Class 2 malocclusion with steep mandibular plane angles. It is distinguished by a decreased condylar head volume and ramus height, progressive mandibular retrusion and an anterior open bite. Its aetiology can be categorized into surgical and non-surgical risk factors. These include hormones, systemic disease, trauma, mechanical load and surgical risk factors, such as magnitude and direction of mandibular movement, type of surgical fixation and length of post-operative maxilla-mandibular fixation. ICR is a diagnosis of exclusion, and identified by a combination of clinical, radiographic and haematological findings. Multiple treatment options have been described in the literature, including medical management, orthodontics, orthognathic surgery, TMJ surgery, TMJ and orthognathic surgery combined, and total joint prosthesis reconstruction. Further research is required to better understand the aetiology of ICR and more long-term, controlled, multicentre clinical studies are needed to evaluate the outcomes of surgical and non-surgical management of CR patients. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Idiopathic condylar resorption has many presentations and potential causes that can greatly impact the decisions and outcomes for orthodontic/orthognathic treatment.

Anterior open bite correction with 2-jaw orthognathic surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-116.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Hyun Park ◽  
Michael Papademetriou ◽  
Carolyn Gardiner ◽  
John Grubb
Keyword(s):  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Anterior Open Bite

scholarly journals Orthodontic Treatment Combined with Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis and Changes in Stomatognathic Function

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1125-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Maeda ◽  
Kazuhisa Soejima ◽  
Mikinori Ogura ◽  
Haruhito Ohmure ◽  
Kazumasa Sugihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distraction Osteogenesis ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Mandibular Distraction ◽  
Gum Chewing ◽  
Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis ◽  
Total Treatment Time ◽  
Mandibular Retrusion

Abstract We performed an orthodontic treatment combined with mandibular distraction osteogenesis in a 15-year-old patient who wanted a correction of a chin deficiency and a protruding upper lip. The patient had an Angle Class II division 1 malocclusion with mandibular retrusion, a low mandibular plane angle, and scissors bite. First, a quad-helix appliance was applied to the mandibular dentition to correct the scissors bite in the bilateral premolar region. Later, a preadjusted edgewise appliance was applied to the maxillary and mandibular teeth. After 3 days, a mandibular distraction osteogenesis was performed. During and after the distraction, the open bite between the upper and lower dental arches was corrected using up and down elastics. The total treatment time with the edgewise appliance was 14 months. A skeletal Class I apical base relationship, good facial profile, and optimum intercuspation of the teeth were achieved with the treatment. The jaw-movement pattern on the frontal view did not change during gum chewing. However, the maximum gap without pain increased. The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles, and maximum occlusal force increased. The present case report suggests that an orthodontic treatment combined with mandibular distraction osteogenesis in a patient with mandibular retrusion in the late growth period might be effective for improving stomatognathic function.

scholarly journals Surgical Treatment of Posttraumatic Laterognathia: A Case Report and a Literature Review, Focused on the Effects of a Condylar Fracture on the Face

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-218
Author(s):  
Felipe Ladeira Pereira ◽  
Luísa de Marilac de Alencar Pinheiro ◽  
Phelype Maia Araújo ◽  
LetíciaLiana Chihara ◽  
Renato Luiz Maia Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Condylar Fracture ◽  
Professional Help ◽  
Common Complaint ◽  
The Face ◽  
Second Procedure

Facial asymmetry, following early childhood condylar trauma, is a common complaint among patients who seek surgical treatment. G.D.M., a 27-year-old male patient, sought professional help to correct his cosmetic flaw, caused by a condylar fracture when he was 8-years-old. After the proper orthodontic treatment, he underwent a double jaw orthognathic surgery and, 9 months later, a second one to correct the remaining asymmetry. Two years after this second procedure, the patient is still under surveillance and has no complaints.

scholarly journals Ethnic Dental Biprotrusion: A Clinical Case

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Togbedji Dahoue ◽  
Asmae Benkaddour ◽  
Fatima Zaoui ◽  
Afaf Houb-Dine ◽  
Loubna Bahije
Keyword(s):  
Adult Patient ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Old Adult

The dental biprotrusion characteristic of certain ethnic groups raises the question of treatment or of abstaining. In many situations this is accompanied by open bite in relation to the lingual volume or lingual support during pronunciation, the therapeutic solution must be considered and individualized. This article describes the orthodontic treatment of an anterior open bite of functional origin in a 23-year-old adult patient embarrassed by the cosmetic defect.

scholarly journals Principles of Orthognathic Surgical Correction of Skeletal Anterior Open Bite

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 157-167
Author(s):  
Farhad B. Naini ◽  
Daljit S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Principles Of Treatment

This article describes the principles of orthognathic surgical correction of skeletal anterior open bite (AOB), including a description of the aetiological factors involved in the development of predominantly skeletal AOBs, description of the presenting diagnostic features, the principles of treatment planning, orthodontic preparation, and postoperative requirements.

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