Characteristics and impact of impaired emotion processing

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Bernhard T. Baune
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Emotion Processing ◽  
Ambiguous Information ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Processing Bias ◽  
Cardinal Symptoms

Characteristics and impact of impaired emotion processing demonstrates that the experience of sustained negative affect and diminished positive emotions are cardinal symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD). It explores how patients diagnosed with MDD show reduced approach motivation and increased avoidance motivation and demonstrate a mood-congruent negative processing bias. It deepens our understanding that patients might exhibit an elevated sensitivity to negative feedback and show an altered thinking style referred to as rumination. Importantly, it explains that depressed patients preferentially attend to mood-congruent stimuli, recall more unpleasant memories, and tend to interpret (ambiguous) information in a negative manner. It highlights that emotional-cognitive dysfunctions are closely related information processing and hence impair cognitive performance of MDD patients.

Clinical Characteristics of Emotional-Cognitive Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
Thomas Beblo ◽  
Lorenz B. Dehn
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunctions ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Cardinal Symptoms ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
Depressive Patients

The experiences of sustained negative affect and diminished positive emotions are cardinal symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD). They come with several emotional-cognitive dysfunctions, which contribute to the onset, maintenance, and recurrence of depression. Depressed patients show reduced approach motivation and increased avoidance motivation. Furthermore, there is evidence for a mood-congruent negative processing bias in MDD. Consequently, depressed patients preferentially attend to mood-congruent stimuli, recall more unpleasant than pleasant memories, and tend to interpret (ambiguous) information in a negative manner. Patients might also exhibit an elevated sensitivity to negative feedback. Depressive patients also show an altered thinking style referred to as rumination. Rumination implies repetitive thinking about the causes, consequences, and symptoms of one’s negative feelings. These emotional-cognitive dysfunctions characterize the contents and the way of thinking in MDD. In addition, as emotional-cognitive dysfunctions are closely related to information processing, they also impair cognitive performance of patients with MDD.

scholarly journals The Effects of Major Depressive Disorder on the Sequential Organization of Information Processing Stages: An Event-Related Potential Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Daniel Kwasi Ahorsu ◽  
Ken Chung ◽  
Ho Hon Wong ◽  
Michael Gar Chung Yiu ◽  
Yat Fung Mok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Processing Strategy ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Community Functioning ◽  
Sequential Organization

The adverse effects of depression on patients’ life have been reported but information about its effects on the sequential organization of the information processing stages remains poorly understood as previous studies focused only on distinct stages. This study adds to existing knowledge by examining the effect of major depressive disorder (MDD) on the sequential organization of information processing, executive and community functioning. Fifty-seven participants with 19 participants each for first episode depression (FMDD), recurrent episodes depression (RMDD), and healthy controls (HCs) participated in this study. They completed assessments on executive and community functioning measures, and choice reaction time task (CRTT) for the event-related potential (ERP) data. Findings revealed no significant between-group difference in executive functioning but participants with depression (FMDD and RMDD) were found to be more depressed, with FMDD participants having worse community functioning skills compared with HCs. There was no significant between-group main effect on behavioral data. ERP data showed significantly less positive-going P3b among RMDD participants compared with HCs. FMDD participants used a different information processing strategy at P1, while HCs and RMDD participants used a different processing strategy at N2b compared with the other group(s), respectively. The results suggest the use of multifaceted assessment to get a holistic view of the health status of people with MDD in order to inform clinicians on the appropriate interventional strategies needed for the patient.

Functional neuroanatomy of emotion processing in major depressive disorder is altered after successful antidepressant therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1424-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Rosenblau ◽  
Philipp Sterzer ◽  
Meline Stoy ◽  
Soyoung Park ◽  
Eva Friedel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Emotion Processing ◽  
Antidepressant Therapy ◽  
Functional Neuroanatomy ◽  
Major Depressive

Increased coupling of resting state activity between amygdala and cortical emotion processing regions in remitted major depressive disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 931-931
Author(s):  
K. Kalcher ◽  
G. Pail ◽  
W. Huf ◽  
C. Scharinger ◽  
R. Boubela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Emotion Processing ◽  
Functional Coupling ◽  
Seed Region ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
State Activity

IntroductionWhile most neuroimaging studies have investigated acutely depressed patients, neural mechanisms underlying stable remission are rarely examined. Furthermore, the majority of previous functional MRI (fMRI) studies have focused on task-induced neural activity, while resting-state activity may be more reproducible across study centers.ObjectivesTo clarify patterns of functional coupling between subcortical structures and cortical resting state activity.AimsTo determine whether alterations of functional coupling between the amygdala and cortical emotion processing regions characterize patients in the remitted phase of Major Depressive Disorder (rMDD).MethodsForty-three remitted depressed patients and thirty-five healthy controls were recruited at Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, and performed a six minute resting-state fMRI scan. The scans were corrected for slice timing and motion, as well as for mean white matter, mean CSF, and median gray matter signals. Seed time series were extracted using individual amygdala masks and correlated with all nodes in a surface based analysis using FreeSurfer, AFNI and SUMA. The resulting correlation coefficients were then Fisher-transformed, group results were determined by comparing group mean smoothed (to 8 mm FWHM) z-scores with a two-sample t-test.ResultsIncreased resting-state functional connectivity was revealed between amygdala (seed region) and posterior cingulate cortex as well as orbitofrontal cortex in the rMDD group compared to healthy controls.ConclusionsOur preliminary results suggest altered functional coupling between amygdala and cortical emotion processing areas during resting state conditions, possibly representing a neural mechanism contributing to the maintenance of stable remission of MDD.

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