Terrorism in the context of social capital and community

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Edgar Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Terrorist Threat ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Diverse Society ◽  
Bonding And Bridging

Community cohesion, trust, and participation in networks—or social capital—have been proposed not only as a way of combating the appeal of violent extremism, but also as a way of facilitating radicalization and recruitment. The bonding and bridging processes involved in civic investment are explored to assess both their risk and protective factors. Population research has demonstrated how vulnerable groups, when feeling threatened or marginalized, tend to bond at the expense of bridging, increasing the likelihood of being labelled as suspect communities. A core challenge in an era of terrorist threat is how to balance the need for intelligence about potential acts of extreme violence, while maintaining a positive relationship with communities targeted by recruiters. Although the task of building bridging social capital within a diverse society is more challenging than within a homogenous one, the rewards are potentially greater given the broader range of skills and attributes that can be integrated.

scholarly journals The Influence of Social Capital on the Educational Attainment of Roma Persons: Evidence from a Qualitative Study in Romania

2021 ◽  
pp. 183-199
Author(s):  
Elena-Loreni Baciu ◽  
Theofild-Andrei Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
General Population ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Bonding And Bridging ◽  
Educational Paths ◽  
Agency And Structure

AbstractAs the largest ethnic minority in Europe, Roma persons are among the groups with the lowest levels of educational attainment. In Romania, the country with the highest number of Roma persons of all the EU Members States, the situation is even worse, each higher level of education revealing an increasing gap between Roma persons and the general population.Positioned within the framework of Social Capital theory, the current chapter explores the influences of micro- and mezzo-level social networks on educational attainment of Roma persons, trying to explain some of the mechanisms that perpetuate the gap between them and the general population, in terms of educational attainment.Drawing on a qualitative bottom-up study of Roma persons’ experiences of belonging in society, we analysed the interlocking influences of bonding and bridging social capital on the interviewees’ educational attainment. The results of the study point out that both forms of social capital have an important impact on the educational attainment of persons in vulnerable groups, although in different ways, and sometimes they can be mutually reinforcing, depending on the prevailing social arrangements, in either keeping the persons engaged in education, or drawing them away from their educational paths. The results also show that in circumstances of intersecting vulnerabilities, a noticeable imbalance between agency and structure is produced, which corrodes the foundational principles of equity and affects the equality of opportunities.

The Burden of Excessive “Linking Social Capital”

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 760-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
Linking Social Capital ◽  
Bonding And Bridging ◽  
Vulnerable Households ◽  
North Vietnam ◽  
The Relationship

This article analyses the relationship between vulnerable households and local authorities during floods using the concept of linking social capital. The analysis combines a narrow operationalisation that measures the stock of linking social capital in vulnerable communities, with a broader operationalisation that seeks to address the nature of linking social capital. The empirical data, collected across four provinces in Central and North Vietnam, suggests that while a substantial stock of social linking capital exists in the vulnerable communities concerned, the nature of the relationship between the communities and local authorities during floods is characterised by top-down linkages and limited community autonomy. These linkages appear to be susceptible to social inertia during times of stress. They also undermine the development and reproduction of strong bonding and bridging social capital.

Bonding and bridging social capital towards collective action in participatory irrigation management. Evidence in Chiang Rai Province, Northern Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Llones ◽  
Panya Mankeb ◽  
Unggoon Wongtragoon ◽  
Suneeporn Suwanmaneepong
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Shared Resource ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Participatory Irrigation Management ◽  
Bonding And Bridging

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of social capital with bonding and bridging distinction in promoting higher participation in collective action in participatory irrigation management.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 304 farmers was surveyed using a structured questionnaire. A focus group discussion was also carried out with randomly selected water users, leaders and irrigation officers. A confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were used to test the hypothesised relationship of bonding and bridging social capital towards collective action.FindingsThe findings show that social capital has a significant direct effect on collective action and an indirect effect on joint irrigation management's perceived performance through collective action (mediator). It implies the need to complement the participatory irrigation management programme with an understanding of the social aspects for a higher farmer's participation over the shared resource.Originality/valueThe paper emphasises social capital's role in facilitating a real participatory engagement in shared resource management. Also, it is the first scholarly work linking social capital with bonding and bridging distinction towards collective action in a joint resource management context.

Linking indigenous bonding and bridging social capital

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1041-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
David O'BRIEN ◽  
John Phillips ◽  
Valeri Patsiorkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Bonding And Bridging

How social capital affects innovation in a cultural network

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Ceci ◽  
Francesca Masciarelli ◽  
Simone Poledrini
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovation Implementation ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Bonding And Bridging ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how bonding (i.e. tightly knit, emotionally close social relationships) and bridging social capital (i.e. outward looking open social relationships) affect opportunity recognition and innovation implementation in a cultural network of firms, investigating the main benefits of and drawbacks to both bonding and bridging social capital. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a case study of a cultural network of firms which share the same norms, principles and values. The method adopted is content analysis of qualitative data. Findings The authors find that in cultural network bridging social capital facilitates experimentation and combination of ideas from distant sources, while bonding social capital, which underpins the need for more conformity, is more effective for supporting innovation implementation. Innovation results from the interplay between the two dimensions of social capital, and each dimension contributes to the final outcome in a distinct and unique way. Research limitations/implications There are some limitations which arise from the case study methodology; the limited set of industries analysed affects the generalizability of the findings. Practical implications The research has some practical implications for firms that belong to cultural networks. It offers suggestions about how to manage social relationships in different stages of the innovation process. Originality/value The authors examine the effects of bonding and bridging social capital on innovation in a cultural network of firms. The authors show that in a cultural network, different moments in the innovation process require different efforts related to the firm’s network relationships.

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