Ophthalmic surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 799-816
Author(s):  
Peter B Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Anaesthetic Management ◽  
Strabismus Surgery ◽  
Ocular Lens ◽  
Eye Injuries ◽  
Ophthalmic Surgery ◽  
Iol Implantation ◽  
Retinal Surgery ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology

This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of ophthalmic surgery. It begins with a description of general principles, including anatomy and physiology of the globe and orbit, preoperative considerations of ophthalmology patients, and a discussion of different ocular block techniques. Surgical procedures covered include cataract extraction and intra-ocular lens (IOL) implantation; strabismus surgery; vitreo-retinal surgery; dacrocystorhinostomy (DCR), and repair of penetrating eye injuries.

Ophthalmic surgery

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Gayer
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Lens ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Vitreoretinal Surgery ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Anaesthetic Management ◽  
Strabismus Surgery ◽  
Intraocular Lens Implantation ◽  
Eye Injuries ◽  
Ophthalmic Surgery ◽  
Lens Implantation

This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of ophthalmic surgery. It begins with a description of general principles, including anatomy of the globe and orbit, and a discussion of different ocular block techniques. Surgical procedures covered include cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation, strabismus surgery, vitreoretinal surgery, dacrocystorhinostomy, and repair of penetrating eye injuries. It concludes with a series of vignettes of various other ophthalmic procedures.

Postoperative endophthalmitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-187
Author(s):  
I.A. Frolychev ◽  
◽  
N.A. Pozdeyeva ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Angiogenesis Inhibitor ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Postoperative Endophthalmitis ◽  
Ophthalmic Surgery ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity

Surgical treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis is an urgent problem of ophthalmic surgery. Purpose.The aim of the study was to analyze the results of treatment of patients with postoperative endophthalmitis using perfluorodecalin and antibiotic solutions for vitreal cavity tamponade. Materials and methods. For the period 2016-2020, 35 patients (35 eyes) were operated in the Cheboksary branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution. In 26 patients, this complication occurred after cataract extraction, in 7 after vitreoretinal operations, in 2 after intravitreal administration of an angiogenesis inhibitor. Visual acuity before treatment of endophthalmitis in 3 patients was to 0.02– 0.08, in 16 – counting of fingers in the face, in 13 – pr.l.certa, in 3-pr. l. incerta. All patients underwent vitrectomy with perfluorodecalin tamponade of the vitreal cavity for up to 14 days and intravitreal administration of vancomycin 1 mg and ceftazidime 2.25 mg at the end of the operation. On day 2-3, all patients underwent additional intravitreal administration of antibiotics, depending on the detected pathogen. Further, in 22 patients, the removal of perfluorodecalin and the remaining preretinal and peripherally located exudate was performed, in 13 patients - tamponade of the vitreal cavity with silicone oil. Results. As a result of the treatment according to the developed method, it was possible to preserve visual functions in 32 patients (91%) out of 35. At discharge, the corrected visual acuity was from 0.1 to 0.7 (0.28±0.2). After 6 months, the corrected visual acuity in 32 patients was from 0.1 to 0.9 (0.36±0.2). Visual acuity (above 0.3) was achieved in 26 cases (74.3%). Conclusion. Clinical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed method of surgical treatment of endophthalmitis. Key words: postoperative endophthalmitis, perfluorodecalin, intravitreal administration of vancomycin and ceftazidime.

scholarly journals Clinical Analysis of restrictive strabismus secondary to ophthalmic surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Guo ◽  
Zhihua Zhao ◽  
Zequn Miao ◽  
Qianru Ouyang ◽  
Xin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Strabismus Surgery ◽  
Ocular Motility ◽  
Ophthalmic Surgery ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Lateral Ligaments ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Restrictive Strabismus

Abstract Background: This study aimed to report the clinical characteristics and surgical methods of restrictive strabismus secondary to ophthalmic surgery. Methods: This retrospective case series covered 14 restrictive strabismus cases secondary to ophthalmic surgery. After evaluation of the clinical history and the basic ophthalmological findings, the following parameters were examined: squint angles (prism with alternative cover test, Krimsky’s test or Maddox cross), ocular motility, duction test and the forced duction test. All paitients underwent surgery, the strabismus surgery included the excision of adhesions and scar tissue, adhesiolysis, medial and lateral ligaments separated, repositioning of extraocular muscles (according to the degree of deviations). We described the clinical characteristics and evaluated the surgical results in strabismus eyes. Results: All patients were satisfied with the results of surgery, obtained anatomical reduction and partial functional recovery. In nine cases with preoperative diplopia, eight cases had no diplopia after surgery and one patient’s diplopia disappeared after the secondary surgery. The other five cases without preoperative diplopia, but had restricted ocular motility, which improved significantly than before surgery. Conclusions: Orbital surgery, trauma, conjunctival surgery, strabismus surgery and so on, can lead to secondary restrictive strabismus surgery. Strabismus surgical treatments including the full removal of the muscles around the scar, adhesiolysis, medial and lateral ligaments separated, eye muscle surgery, can provide excellent results and patient’s satisfaction.

scholarly journals Cataract Surgery and Uveitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mumtaz Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Moin ◽  
Nazir Ahmad Aasi ◽  
Muhammad Waqas ◽  
Jawaid Mughal
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Extracapsular Cataract Extraction ◽  
Iol Implantation ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

The study of 30 patients was performed at Lahore General Hospital, and Institute Of Ophthalmology Mayo Hospital, Lahore from June 1989 to June 2003 for 14 years. Total number of eyes were 34 where 2 patients had both eyes. Age ranged from 12-65 years. Males were 11 and females were 19. all the patients had planned extracapsular cataract extraction with IOL implantation. Total follow up period ranged from 1-5 years and best corrected visual acuity in these patients after surgery was 6/12 to 6/6. Post operatively, eyes had vitreous membranes and glaucomatous reaction.

Prospective evaluation of anesthetic protocols during pediatric ophthalmic surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 606-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Ducloyer ◽  
Chloé Couret ◽  
Cécile Magne ◽  
Corinne Lejus-Bourdeau ◽  
Michel Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Strabismus Surgery ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Ophthalmic Surgery ◽  
Oculocardiac Reflex ◽  
Locoregional Anesthesia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Congenital Cataract Surgery

Purpose: To date, no protocol of anesthesia for pediatric ophthalmic surgery is unanimously recognized. The primary anesthetic risks are associated with strabismus surgery, including oculocardiac reflex, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and postoperative pain. Methods: This was a prospective, monocentric, observational study conducted in a tertiary pediatric ophthalmic unit. Our anesthetic protocol for strabismus surgery included postoperative nausea and vomiting prevention using dexamethasone and ondansetron. No drug-based prevention of oculocardiac reflex or local/locoregional anesthesia was employed. Results: A total of 106 pediatric ophthalmic surgeries completed between November 2015 and May 2016 were analyzed. The mean patient age was 4.4 (range: 0.2–7.3, standard deviation: 2.4) years. Ambulatory rate was 90%. Oculocardiac reflex incidence was 65% during strabismus surgery (34/52), 50% during congenital cataract surgery (4/8), 33% during intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin (1/3), and 0% during other procedures. No asystole occurred. Postoperative nausea and vomiting incidence was 9.6% after strabismus surgery (5/52) and 0% following the other procedures. One child was hospitalized for one night because of persistent postoperative nausea and vomiting. Postoperative pain generally occurred early on in the recovery room and was quickly controlled. Its incidence was higher in patients who underwent strabismus surgery (27%) than in those who underwent other procedures (9%). Conclusion: Morbidity associated with ophthalmic pediatric surgery is low and predominantly associated with strabismus surgery. The benefit–risk ratio and cost-effectiveness of oculocardiac reflex prevention should be questioned. Our postoperative nausea and vomiting rate is low, thanks to the use of a well-managed multimodal strategy. Early postoperative pain is usually well-treated but could probably be more effectively prevented.

Ear, nose and throat surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 755-782
Author(s):  
Grant Turner
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Radical Neck Dissection ◽  
Anaesthetic Management ◽  
Jet Ventilation ◽  
Ent Surgery ◽  
Nose And Throat

This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgery (otolaryngological surgery). It begins with a discussion of relevant general principles (including the shared airway), and covers airway obstruction and jet ventilation. Surgical procedures covered include grommet insertion; tonsillectomy; adenoidectomy; myringoplasty; stapedectomy; tympanoplasty; nasal cavity surgery; microlaryngoscopy; tracheostomy; laryngectomy; radical neck dissection, and parotidectomy. It includes pertinent anaesthetic features for a series of additional miscellaneous ENT procedures.

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