From right to sin

2021 ◽  
pp. 353-358
Author(s):  
Michael Obladen
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
Female Infanticide ◽  
Roman Culture ◽  
The Law ◽  
Father's Rights

This chapter investigates changes in infanticide legislation as indicators of the attitude of states towards the neonate. In antique East Asian societies in which the bride’s family had to pay an excessive dowry, selective female infanticide was the rule, despite formal interdiction by the law. In Greece and Rome, children’s lives had little value, and the father’s rights included killing his own children. The proportion of men greatly exceeding women found in many cultures and epochs, suggests that girls suffered infanticide more often than boys. A kind of social birth, the ritual right to survive, rested on the procedure of name giving in Roman culture and on the start of oral feeding in Germanic tradition. Legislative efforts to protect the newborn began with Trajan’s ‘alimentaria’ laws in 103 c.e. and Constantine’s laws following his conversion to Christianity in 313 c.e. Malformed newborns were not regarded as human infants and usually were killed immediately after birth. Infanticide was formally outlawed in 374 c.e. by Emperor Valentinian.

Innocent Passage of Warships

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Duc Ton
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
North Korea ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Coastal State ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Law

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (losc) is well known as the “Constitution for the Oceans”; however, the passage of foreign warships through the territorial sea of a coastal State is not clearly addressed. All East Asian littoral States (except North Korea and Cambodia) are parties to the losc but their practices regarding the innocent passage of warships are different. This article provides an analysis of the innocent passage regime of the losc, the practice of East Asian littoral States regarding the innocent passage of warships as well as factors that have influenced the trends in their practices.

Belief and Judgment

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-38
Author(s):  
Eric Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Human Infants ◽  
The Law

I develop an account of belief by way of discussing the following five interrelated truths: (i) to believe that p is to represent p as true; (ii) truth is a standard by which beliefs are assessed; (iii) a certain sense of the question ‘Why?’ has application to beliefs; (iv) beliefs are governed by the law of non-contradiction; and (v) a belief is the sort of thing one can bring to mind. To believe, I argue, is to represent a proposition as what one should represent as true. Paradigmatic beliefs (which I call judgments) are governed metaphysically, and not just normatively, by the law of non-contradiction. One cannot clearly and distinctly at once represent as true both a proposition and its contrary. I respond to a variety of objections to this position, including—at length—the objection that the account is undermined by the beliefs of non-human animals and human infants.

Product Origin and Anti-Dumping: Europe versus Japan and Korea

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-339
Author(s):  
Chong Ju Choi
Keyword(s):  
Law And Economics ◽  
East Asian ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Law ◽  
Product Origin

The purpose of this paper is to analyze from a law and economics perspective, two issues that have become increasingly prominent in Europe and East Asian relations. The first is that of product origin, and includes the issue of Japanese automobile “transplants” in Europe. The second is that of the European Community’s recent new legislation on “unfair” trading practices in services, which can also be seen as a type of anti-dumping policy towards services; a Korean company has been the first to suffer from this new legislation. In our paper, we focus on these two cases, one Japanese, and the other Korean, to better analyze the law and economics of future Europe-East Asian relations.

Development and Application of a Radioimmunoassay for Plasma Glucagon

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A Sperling ◽  
Paul V DeLamater ◽  
Mirtha Kazenelson ◽  
Robert H Fiser ◽  
Delbert A Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucagon ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
Glucose Loading ◽  
Pancreatic Glucagon ◽  
Assay Conditions ◽  
Glucagon Concentration

Abstract We report sensitive radioimmunoassay procedures for glucagon-like immunoreactivity and for pancreatic glucagon, with use of antisera generated in rabbits by the injection of glucagon covalently coupled to thyroglobulin. Optimum assay conditions were determined. These assays have absolute limits of sensitivity of 10 to 20 pg, an intra-assay coefficient of variation of 8%, and an inter-assay coefficient of variation of up to 22%. In human infants 30 minutes after birth, glucagon concentration was 227 ± 27 pg/ml (SEM), and glucagon-like immunoreactivity increased sharply with oral feeding. In children and adolescents, plasma glucagon concentrations during fasting, the increase in response to arginine stimulation, and the suppression after oral glucose loading were similar to values previously reported in adults. Problems inherent in the methodology for measuring plasma glucagon are discussed.

scholarly journals International Tribunal on the Law of the Sea

2017 ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Tam Xuan Song
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
International Tribunal ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
Maritime Disputes ◽  
The Law

Although most international disputes are resolved through political means, especially as bilateral discussions and suggestions, international decisions and an important element of arbitration dispute settlement. There are several organizations serving as a place to solve the laws of maritime disputes, but special judicial organs specially designed to conduct such disputes in the International Tribunal for the Sea Law (ITLOS). This article is mainly limited to the procedures and procedures of ITLOS, although it and some other judiciary will be compared. In addition, the views and practices of the settlement of judicial disputes in East Asian states will be examined based on the latest cases filed in ITLOSS. This article discusses the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and its relevance. The U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea seems to contemplate extensive jurisdiction for the Tribunal, but since its inception, the Tribunal has heard a very limited number and scope of cases, in part because disputants have other options for adjudication. This article provides a detailed discussion of the jurisdiction of the Tribunal. Then, it concludes in a positive note by emphasizing the tribunal's desire to analyze the important decisions of the tribunal and to create a more effective role in its existing institutional limitations, to ensure a significant contribution in the field of international law and judgment.

The Sponsoring State’s ‘Obligation to Ensure’ in the Development of the International Seabed Area

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Strict Liability ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Advisory Opinion ◽  
Due Diligence ◽  
International Tribunal ◽  
New Development ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The Law ◽  
International Seabed Authority

Abstract At the request of the International Seabed Authority, in 2011 the Seabed Dispute Chamber of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea rendered its first Advisory Opinion: to clarify the ambiguous rules of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea concerning the obligations and liabilities of a sponsoring State in the development of the international seabed area. According to the Opinion, the sponsoring State’s ‘obligation to ensure’ is an obligation of conduct and due diligence; the sponsoring State should take necessary and appropriate measures to fulfill the obligation under its domestic legal system; obligations and liabilities shall apply equally to the developed and developing States; the sponsoring State could avoid strict liability and compensation when fulfilling its ‘obligation to ensure’ due to the due diligence nature of the obligation. In light of this new development in the law concerning the international seabed area, East Asian States should take measures to improve their legislation and administration accordingly.

Maxims of Foreign Policy

Itinerario ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-79
Author(s):  
W.J. Boot
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Cultural Sphere ◽  
Japanese Identity

In the pre-modern period, Japanese identity was articulated in contrast with China. It was, however, articulated in reference to criteria that were commonly accepted in the whole East-Asian cultural sphere; criteria, therefore, that were Chinese in origin.One of the fields in which Japan's conception of a Japanese identity was enacted was that of foreign relations, i.e. of Japan's relations with China, the various kingdoms in Korea, and from the second half of the sixteenth century onwards, with the Portuguese, Spaniards, Dutchmen, and the Kingdom of the Ryūkū.

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