cultural sphere
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik H. Sørensen

This piece has partly been written in response to a series of claims put forward by Robert Sharf almost a decade ago in his article Art in the Dark in which he argues that the Buddhist caves in Dunhuang (and elsewhere in China and Central Asia) were not for worship, but were created as a sort of ancestral memorials, or decorated mausoleums meant to be left in the dark. Given that the implications of such reading of Buddhist cave-art in the Sinitic cultural-sphere would surely have a profound impact on our overall understanding of Buddhist ritual practices and cave-art, should Sharf’s readings turn out to be correct, the evidence and speculations he uses as underpinnings for his line of argument in particular merit closer scrutiny. Moreover, as he touches upon a range of other related issues, all of which concern Buddhist ritual practices one way or another, it seems worthwhile to devote a lengthier essay to a more detailed discussion.


ENTHYMEMA ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
Ornella Discacciati

The article analyzes the role played by the journal "Na postu" in the marginalization of village literature. In the 1920s, the role played by this journal was more important than generally expected, because the editors were able to accelerate and in a certain way guide the government's choices in the cultural sphere. As a result, an entire strand of Russian cultural tradition was obliterated. The village literature writers were slandered and then physically o socially liquidated or replaced with authors ideologically conforming to the new collective farm literature.


Author(s):  
Igor Likhuta

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical provisions of the peculiarities of the production of cultural and artistic products in the modern art space. The research methodology is based on the principles of a logical approach. Comparative and interdisciplinary approaches are applied. The scientific novelty lies in identifying the main factors that determine the effectiveness of production activities, actualize and stimulate scientific discourse regarding methods of managing the cultural sphere, reveal the features and ways of optimizing the creation, proposal, and production of precisely those projects that demonstrate significant advantages of the producer over competitors, stimulate the creation in Ukraine, a reduced market for cultural services. Conclusion. Deep and comprehensive modernization of the art sphere requires the search for new approaches to optimizing content production. The optimization of production activities is focused on structuring the costs of the cultural and artistic project by deepening, expanding, and updating the professional knowledge, skills, and practical experience of the producer. It is determined that production activity is a multicomponent process in which financial, technical, legal, and labor resources are involved. All these components, one way or another, are related to creativity. In order for a cultural and artistic project to be competitive, it is necessary to take into account the following factors: digitalization of the consumer audience; tastes of the consumer audience; content criticism. Keywords: producer, production activity, production project, art management, art industry, art dealer, art businessman, optimization of production activities.


2021 ◽  
Vol XII (2) ◽  
pp. 181-199
Author(s):  
Johnny Samuele Baldi ◽  

The phase and the ceramic materials that, in Southern Mesopotamia, go under the label of “Uruk” (after the toponym of the site in southern Iraq) have traditionally been considered the origin for the development of the potter’s wheel in the Near East, according to a perspective that associated the emergence of the potter’s wheel, the “mass” production of the so-called bevelled-rim bowls and first urbanization. According to recent excavations and ceramic studies it is now clear that this was a narrative based on a priori convictions. However, even if under very different socio-technical conditions, it is true that the potter’s wheel made an early appearance in Southern Mesopotamia within the Uruk cultural sphere, and then developed in a widespread and discontinuous way in the Uruk network. Based on recent ongoing fieldwork data from Syria (Tell Feres) and Iraqi Kurdistan (Logardan and Girdi Qala), ceramic analyses have taken into account new criteria to identify the use of the potter’s wheel. This paper outlines the chronological and socio-technical scenario behind the adoption of the potter’s wheel in the Uruk world, picturing the peculiarities of this cultural environment, as well as the parallels with the emergence conditions of the potter’s wheel in northern Mesopotamia and other areas of the Near East.


Author(s):  
Volodymyr Antonenko ◽  
Volodymyr Khutkyi

The paper highlights and analyzes the world and domestic experience in the implementation of cultural and educational museum projects in the modern cultural space of tourist destinations. The introduction of cultural and educational projects based on museum activities contributes to the profits of museums and meet the needs of society in the pursuit of knowledge. Also, the cultural and educational project improves the basic functions of museums (educational and upbringing), strengthens the resonance through the mass promotion of museum activities. Common cultural museum projects include scientific and educational museum conferences, International Museum Day, Museum Night, thematic intercultural festivals, biennials, etc. It has been proved that in recent decades various cultural museum projects have become widespread, which radically change the cultural space of a tourist destination. An example is a successful project of placing museums in abandoned industrial buildings, which gives impetus to the development not only of the museum, but also the area itself, sometimes depressed. The article considers examples of such projects in the world and Ukraine. For many museum institutions, the COVID-19 pandemic and its implications for the cultural sphere as a whole is a challenge that needs to be used to rethink its activities, to introduce new methods of communication with potential museum visitors.


Author(s):  
Kostyantyn B. Marysyuk ◽  
Mykhailo V. Huzela ◽  
Nataliia D. Slotvinska ◽  
Ivo Svoboda ◽  
Igor G. Kudrya

The gradual rapprochement between peoples, cultures, beliefs involve numerous conflicts with indigenous peoples on ethnic or religious grounds. These conflicts tend to turn into articulation of radical positions and extremist activities. The aim of this study was to analyze the current state of terrorist acts and identify the determinants of terrorism on racial and religious grounds in Western Europe. The statistical method, comparison, graphic analysis, analysis of the Global Index of Terrorism; The European Union reports on the situation and trends of terrorism, as well as the research on terrorism-related issues for 2011-2021, were used as empirical research methods. It is determined that the UK, France, Germany, Greece, Belgium, Spain, Italy, and Sweden are subject to the highest risk of terrorist acts. It was proved that the determinants of terrorism are localized in relation to key issues related to the state of the economic sphere, social development, as well as the spiritual and cultural sphere. Emphasis is placed on the need to overcome the problems associated with terrorist activities by formulating a policy of national means of resolving ethnic and racial issues and active international cooperation. Further research will identify key determinants of terrorism in Eastern Europe.


Author(s):  
Alexandr N. Teslenko

Contexts of youth protest potential in rap as a musical direction popular among modern youth are analysed in the article. Attempts of imposing of political identity «from above» does not meet requirements of the youth which seeks for self-realisation in the cultural sphere. Therefore, the article examines the socio-psychological phenomenon of such a youth public practice as rap culture, which has now become a brand of mass pop culture. On the basis of sociological data the author analyses social mood and topical problems of the Kazakhstani youth, designing its protest potential. Quite high percent of the young respondents concerned by violations of the legitimate social, civil and political rights is revealed. It is noted that the Z generation prefers non-political forms in a counterbalance a protest to means of cultural self-expression. In mass consciousness installation about rap as to «protest music» was approved. The historical and cultural retrospective of emergence and development of rap allowed the author to disprove the settled stereotype and to prove a position about rap as to music of success and active living position. Topicality and scientific novelty of the problem statement made it possible to show the importance of studying the protest behaviour of young people in the modern scientific space, highlighting its indicators and drawing a conclusion about the need for a psychological study of youth protest tendencies and pedagogic support of the socialisation process.


2021 ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Marianna Kichurchak ◽  

One of the components of the sustainable economic development strategy of Ukraine is the reform of the state policy in the cultural sphere (CS). The implementation of a set of measures in this direction involves modification of the current model of budgetary financing of cultural activities at the national and subnational levels. In view of this, there is a need to evaluate the budgeting situation of the CS in a regional context and identify its peculiarities in the context of modern requirements that arose in connection with the realization of the sustainable development strategy of the Ukrainian economy. This involves the formation of scientific and methodological approaches to assessing the budgetary financing of the CS at the subnational level from the point of view of changing the imperative of Ukraine’s development.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
Yevhen Kovalov

The article examines the spatial structures and related images of ethno-national communities in the world view of Hryhoriy Pavlovych Galagan (1819–1888), a representative of the Ukrainian local nobility and a prominent public figure. The research methodology includes the achievements of modern humanitarian geography, first of all the method of mental mapping, which allows to study the spatial structures in the world view of the individual, taking into account his socio-cultural environment. The research is based on ego-documents — diaries and correspondence from the Galagan family archive. Special attention is paid to toponymes and ethnonymes in these texts. It is shown that the spatial representations of Hryhoriy Galagan were a complex system that developed under the influence of the socio-cultural sphere in which he lived. Thus, humanitarian geography is represented as a discursive practice due to social and political interests. The article deals, in particular, with such spatial constructs as “Little Russia”, “Ukraine”, “Russia”, “Rus”, “Europe”, as well as related communities — “Little Russia people”, “Russian people”, “Europeans”. Galagan’s spatial and ethno-national ideas are shown as a very dynamic system that was constantly changing under the influence of socio-political and ideological movements, such as the Polish uprisings of 1830–1831 and 1863–1864, the rise of Slavophilia and Ukrainophilia. Attention is paid to the importance of travel for the development of the system of spatial and ethno-national structures. In addition, the conditionality of this system with ideas about history is proved. The issues raised in this article will contribute to further in-depth research in cultural anthropology, as well as be useful to historians working in the biographical genre.


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