Core surgical skills and knowledge

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Gardiner ◽  
Neil R. Borley
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Acute Confusional State ◽  
Confusional State ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Electrolyte Homeostasis ◽  
Healthcare Associated

This chapter begins by discussing the basic principles of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, fluid therapy, healthcare-associated infection, microorganisms and antimicrobials, preoperative assessment, and acute pain, before focusing on the key areas of knowledge, namely deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, respiratory tract infection, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute respiratory failure, ischaemic heart disease, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, acute renal failure, stroke, acute confusional state, and haematological conditions. The chapter concludes with relevant case-based discussions.

Cardiac Arrhythmias During Exercise in Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

CHEST Journal ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuck H. Cheong ◽  
Sheldon Magder ◽  
Stanley Shapiro ◽  
James G. Martin ◽  
Robert D. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Beta Blockers and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Sum of Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Baou ◽  
Vasiliki Katsi ◽  
Thomas Makris ◽  
Dimitris Tousoulis
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract:: Approximately, half a century has passed since the discovery of beta blockers. Then, their prime therapeutic purpose was to treat angina and cardiac arrhythmias, nowadays, beta blockers’ usage and effectiveness is extended to treat other cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, and coronary artery disease. Safety concerns were raised about beta blockers and their use for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with concurrent cardiovascular disease. After a thorough research of the literature, this review summarizes the evidence proving that beta blockers not only might be well tolerated in COPD patients, but they might also have a beneficial effect in this group of patients.

Cardiac Arrhythmias and Left Ventricular Function in Respiratory Failure from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

CHEST Journal ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1092-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi ◽  
Riccardo Pistelli ◽  
Leonello Fuso ◽  
Alberto Cocchi ◽  
Massimo G. Bonetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

scholarly journals Healthcare-associated pneumonia: a prospective study in Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 358-368
Author(s):  
Francisco Arnaíz de las Revillas ◽  
Dolores Sousa ◽  
Carmen Ardanuy ◽  
Carolina García-Vidal ◽  
Miguel Montejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Objective. The aim of the study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics and factors related to outcome in Streptococcus pneumoniae and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP). Patients and method. A 3-year prospective observational epidemiological case study of HCAP was conducted in seven Spanish hospitals. Microbiological and patient characteristics and outcomes were collected and classified by causative pathogen into 4 categories: “S. pneumoniae”, “MRSA”, “Others” and “Unknown”. Patients were followed up 30 days after discharge. Results. A total of 258 (84.6%) patients were enrolled (170 were men [65.9%]). Mean age was 72.4 years ± 15 years (95% CI [70.54-74.25]). The etiology of pneumonia was identified in 73 cases (28.3%): S. pneumoniae in 35 patients (13.6%), MRSA in 8 (3.1%), and other microorganisms in 30 patients (11.6%). Significant differences in rates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p < 0.05), previous antibiotic treatment (p< 0.05), other chronic respiratory diseases, inhaled corticosteroids (p < 0.01), and lymphoma (p < 0.05) were observed among the four groups. Patients with MRSA pneumonia had received more previous antibiotic treatment (87.5%). Thirty-three (12.8%) patients died during hospitalisation; death in 27 (81.2%) was related to pneumonia. Conclusions. The etiology of HCAP was identified in only one quarter of patients, with S. pneumoniae being the most prevalent microorganism. Patients with chronic respiratory diseases more frequently presented HCAP due to MRSA than to S. pneumoniae. Death at hospital discharge was related in most cases to pneumonia.

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