Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Davey ◽  
Sherif Gonem ◽  
Salman Siddiqui ◽  
David Sprigings
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Global Initiative

The Global Initiative for Chronic Lung Disease (GOLD) states that ‘chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a common preventable and treatable disease, is characterised by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and is associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to noxious particles and gases. Exacerbations and comorbidities contribute to the overall severity in individual patients.’

scholarly journals A literature review on depression and its risk factors among people suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Asian sub-continent

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4653
Author(s):  
Amrit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Basic Activity

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined as persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to noxious particles or gases. It has been suggested that emotional disturbances such as depression and anxiety are common among patients with COPD. This review aims to highlight the presence of depression and associated risk factors among patients suffering from COPD in Asia. Fifty-eight observational studies were retrieved through data sources like PubMed, Medical subject heading (MeSH) search and Google scholar. After thorough screening total thirteen studies were identified and included in this review. Based on the results of these studies, the south and west Asian countries had higher proportion of depression. However, risk factor results were mixed which includes severity of obstruction/global initiative for obstructive lung disease (GOLD) criteria, Stage 2 COPD, teetotallers, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnoea, and exercise (BODE) index, urban residence, female gender, education level, dyspnoea, low income, poor Quality of life (QOL) scores, age, poor self-reported health, basic activity of daily living (BADL) disability. Further superior research studies with larger sample size are required on Asian population. All in all, it is recommended that early diagnosis and treatment of depression should be included as a part of management in COPD as it can help to minimize the risk of morbidity and mortality in the patients.

Role of Capnograghy during weaning from mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramy Karem Ali Ali ◽  
Yasser Mosafa Mohammed Mostafa ◽  
Tamer Mohammed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response

Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airflow limitation associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airway, acute exacerbations of COPD can lead to progressive respiratory failure necessitating mechanical ventilation. Weaning of these patients may prove difficult and a spontaneous breath trial should be provided before the decision of extubation. Aim To evaluate the role of capnograghy in COPD patients during weaning from mechanical ventilation. Subject and methods This was a cross sectional prospective study conducted on 50 patients who were admitted at the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit of Abbassia Chest hospital and diagnosed as COPD and on mechanical ventilation. During the weaning trial, the role of capnography device evaluated considering the ability of Pet CO2 parameter in predicting hypercapnia and subsequently weaning outcome Results The changes in ABG reading before and after the SBT, PaCO2 and Pet CO2 showed significant elevation at the end of SBT,P=0.001 for both, while O2 saturation was significantly decrease at the end of SBT, P0.001. Conclusion The study found that Pa CO2 and PetCO2 are correlated to each other before, during and after SBT. Most of the studies that was found reported that PetCO2 is highly correlated with Paco2 and that PetCO2 may be a rapid and reliable predictor of arterial PaCO2 in respiratory distress.

scholarly journals Underdiagnosis of obstructive lung disease: findings from the French CONSTANCES cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Christine Delmas ◽  
Laetitia Bénézet ◽  
Céline Ribet ◽  
Yuriko Iwatsubo ◽  
Marie Zins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract Background The burden of undiagnosed obstructive lung disease (OLD) (mainly asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is not fully established, and targets for corrective action are yet to be identified. We assessed the underdiagnosis of OLD and its determinants in France. Methods CONSTANCES is a French population-based cohort of adults aged 18–69 years at inception. We analysed data collected at inclusion in 2013–2014. Undiagnosed OLD was defined as spirometry-confirmed airflow limitation (FEV1/FVC < lower limit of normal) without prior diagnosis of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or bronchiectasis. Multivariate analysis was performed with weighted robust Poisson regression models to estimate the adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) of undiagnosed OLD. Results Spirometry results were available for 19,398 participants. The prevalence of airflow limitation was 4.6%. Overall, 64.4% of adults with airflow limitation did not report a previous diagnosis of OLD. Individuals with high cumulative tobacco consumption (≥ 10 pack-years) (aPR: 1.72 [1.28–2.32]), without respiratory symptoms (aPR: 1.51 [1.28–1.78]), and with preserved lung function (aPR: 1.21 [1.04–1.41] for a 10-point increase in FEV1% predicted) had a higher risk of being undiagnosed. Half of symptomatic individuals with airflow limitation (45% of those with moderate to severe airflow limitation) were undiagnosed with OLD. Conclusion Underdiagnosis of OLD is very common among French adults, even in patients with respiratory symptoms. Efforts should be made in France to raise awareness about OLD in the general population, improve the detection of respiratory symptoms, and increase the use of spirometry among primary care professionals.

Evaluation of Post-Bronchodilator Reversibility in Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-227
Author(s):  
Krishna Chandra Devkota ◽  
S Hamal ◽  
PP Pant
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Recurrent Wheezing ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Obstructive lung disease is a group of disorders comprising Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and asthma. It is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. COPD is a preventable and treatable disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation, whereas asthma is reversible episodes of recurrent wheezing, cough, breathlessness, and chest tightness. It is sometimes difficult to distinguish COPD from asthma when COPD patients present with significant post-bronchodilator reversibility. Spirometry is the gold standard test to diagnose obstructive airway disease. We carried out a hospital-based cross-sectional study in Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital from January 2018 to December 2018. One hundred and ninety eight patients who met the inclusion criteria underwent spirometry. Basal and post-bronchodilator FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and reversibility of FEV1 were measured. The majority of the patients enrolled in the study were males (n=100). The mean age of the patients was 49.3±17.0 years. Most of the patients were above 60 years of age (n=68). Clinical diagnosis of asthma was made in 113 (57%) and COPD in 85 (43%) patients. Post-bronchodilator reversibility was observed in 48 (42%) asthmatic and 19 (22%) COPD patients. Post-bronchodilator reversibility was statistically significant in asthmatic patients (p=0.032). Post-bronchodilator reversibility was observed in COPD patients as well. Therefore, post-bronchodilator reversibility alone may have a limited role in differentiating COPD from bronchial asthma. However, spirometry is mandatory to diagnose a patient with obstructive lung disease.

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