Narcolepsy with cataplexy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert Jan Lammers
Keyword(s):  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Sleep Stages ◽  
Nocturnal Sleep ◽  
Practical Guidelines ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency ◽  
Hypnagogic Hallucinations

Narcolepsy with cataplexy is caused by disturbed cerebral hypocretin (also called orexin) transmission. It results in impaired physiological boundaries of wake and sleep stages and their specific components, leading to clinical symptoms such as excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), impaired sustained attention, disturbed nocturnal sleep, cataplexy, and hypnagogic hallucinations. This chapter discusses the consequences for daily life of the disorder, the diagnostic challenges, particularly the interpretation of the results of the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), the presumed cause and pathophysiology, the frequent comorbidities such as obesity, and practical guidelines for optimal nonpharmacological as well as pharmacological treatment.

scholarly journals Late-Onset Narcolepsy: A Case Report with Brief Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeny Jacob ◽  
Rajesh Venkataram ◽  
Nandakishore Baikunje ◽  
Rashmi Soori
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency ◽  
Overnight Polysomnography

AbstractNarcolepsy, a sleep disorder, has its onset in childhood and early adulthood but rarely in older adults. This case report focuses on a man in his late fifties who was noticed to have excessive daytime sleepiness during his stay in our hospital for an unrelated medical ailment. He was further evaluated with overnight polysomnography and next day multiple sleep latency test which confirmed the diagnosis of narcolepsy.

Impact of acute administration of sodium oxybate on nocturnal sleep polysomnography and on multiple sleep latency test in narcolepsy with cataplexy

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1046-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Plazzi ◽  
Fabio Pizza ◽  
Stefano Vandi ◽  
Debora Aricò ◽  
Oliviero Bruni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Sodium Oxybate ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency Test ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Nocturnal Sleep ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency

scholarly journals Excessive daytime sleepiness in man: Multiple sleep latency measurement in narcoleptic and control subjects

1978 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary S Richardson ◽  
Mary A Carskadon ◽  
Wayne Flagg ◽  
Johanna Van den Hoed ◽  
William C Dement ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency

scholarly journals Cancer-related fatigue presenting with excessive daytime sleepiness

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1774886
Author(s):  
Diwakar D Balachandran ◽  
Saadia A Faiz ◽  
Lara Bashoura ◽  
Ellen Manzullo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivor ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Cancer Related Fatigue ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency Testing

Cancer-related fatigue is a common symptom in cancer patients which commonly occurs in relation to sleep disturbance. We report a case of a 35-year-old breast cancer survivor, in whom polysomnography and multiple sleep latency testing were utilized to objectively quantify the contribution of excessive daytime sleepiness to the patient’s cancer-related fatigue.

scholarly journals Correlations between subjective and objective features of nocturnal sleep and excessive diurnal sleepiness in patients with narcolepsy

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 995-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulises Jiménez-Correa ◽  
Reyes Haro ◽  
Rosa Obdulia González ◽  
Javier Velázquez-Moctezuma
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Sleep Paralysis ◽  
Onset Latency ◽  
Nocturnal Sleep ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency

OBJECTIVE: To determine the correlations between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), assessed by the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), and the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) and nocturnal sleep architecture features, clinical symptoms of narcolepsy (CSN) and subjective sleep quality (SSQ) in patients with narcolepsy. METHOD: Twenty three untreated patients were studied and compared with a matched control group. Diagnosis of narcolepsy was carried out employing a clinical interview, a polysomnographic (PSG) record, and an MSLT. RESULTS: Subjective number of awakenings was the SSQ indicator that best correlated with EDS (ESS and MSLT). Regarding clinical features, diurnal tiredness and sleep paralysis correlated with ESS values. Increase in ESS was related with decrease in total sleep time, SWS, and sleep onset latency. On the other hand, increase in MSLT was related with decrease in SWS. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that EDS in patients with narcolepsy could be impaired by disturbed nocturnal sleep.

Acute Restriction of Nocturnal Sleep in Children

1981 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A. Carskadon ◽  
Kim Harvey ◽  
William C. Dement
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Nocturnal Sleep ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
Word Memory Test ◽  
Word Memory ◽  
Recovery Sleep ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
Single Night ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency

Sleep, performance, and sleepiness were evaluated in nine (6 girls, 3 boys) children (ages 11 to 13.2 yr.) with a view toward determining whether children are more sensitive to sleep restriction than adults. In this 3-day study (immediately preceded by 3 adaptive days), sleep was permitted for 10 hr. on the baseline and recovery night, and for 4 hr. on a single restricted night. Effects of sleep restriction and subsequent recovery on nocturnal sleep parameters were very comparable to results seen in adult subjects. No significant effects of the procedure were seen in performance on abbreviated versions of the Wilkinson Addition Test and Williams Word Memory Test or on a listening attention task. Multiple sleep latency tests showed a significant increase with daytime sleepiness following sleep restriction, which persisted into the morning following recovery sleep. Children appear to be able to tolerate a single night of restricted sleep, although they do not recover as rapidly as adult subjects.

scholarly journals Psychogenic Seizure Imitating Narcolepsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-481
Author(s):  
Galina M. Diukova ◽  
Sergey A. Makarov ◽  
Valery L. Golubev ◽  
Ruslana R. Tyutina ◽  
Daniil A. Degterev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Epileptic Activity ◽  
Financial Benefit ◽  
Nocturnal Sleep ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Eye Opening ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency ◽  
Functional Neurological Disorders

Psychogenic or functional neurological disorders (FND) often occur in the practice of a neurologist. Diagnosis of FND usually causes significant difficulties. Among FND, psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) comprise around 40% cases. Sometimes it is necessary to differentiate PNES from narcolepsy. We describe a 55-year-old man with frequent brief and sudden sleep-like attacks in combination with nocturnal sleep disturbance. During attacks he was unresponsive, snoring but maintained posture. He resisted passive eye opening but with rolling eyes. The patient was confused on waking. In the interictal period, there were FND signs including give-way weakness of the left hand, typical functional “leg-dragging” gait, mistake in the finger-to-nose test. Video-electroencephalogram monitoring did not detect specific epileptic activity or sleep pattern during the attacks. Polysomnography showed multiple waking episodes during the night, but no typical pattern of narcolepsy was found in the multiple sleep latency test. The patient had frequent urgent hospitalizations due to different diseases and numerous invasive procedures. Six month later, the patient obtained state related disability financial benefit, after which hospitalizations in various hospitals continued, and PNES became shorter and less pronounced.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document