scholarly journals Navy Asbestos Medical Surveillance Program, 1995–1999: Demographic Characteristics and Smoking Status

2001 ◽  
Vol 166 (11) ◽  
pp. 966-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce K. Bohnker ◽  
Lawrence S. Betts ◽  
David M. Sack ◽  
Nancy Craft
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Medical Surveillance

scholarly journals Longitudinal Decline in Lung Function Measurements among Saskatchewan Grain Workers

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punam Pahwa ◽  
Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan ◽  
Helen H McDuffie ◽  
James A Dosman
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Dust Control ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Grain Dust ◽  
Annual Decline ◽  
Grain Elevator

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the long term effects of grain dust and decline in lung function among grain elevator workers in Saskatchewan, studied over a 15-year period.METHODS: The Grain Dust Medical Surveillance Program was started by Labour Canada in 1978 and longitudinally studied the respiratory health of Canadian grain elevator workers over a 15-year period (1978 to 1993). Data on respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function tests (forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1], forced vital capacity [FVC]) were collected once every three years; each three-year interval was called a 'cycle'. Data from Saskatchewan were analyzed for this report. A transitional model using the generalized estimating equations approach was fitted using a SAS macro to predict the annual decline in FEV1and FVC.RESULTS: Previous lung function, as one of the covariates in the transitional model, played an important role. Significant predictors of FEV1were previous FEV1, base height, weight, years in the grain industry, current smoking status, cycle II, cycle III and cycle V. Significant predictors of FVC were previous FVC, base height, weight, years in the grain industry, cycle II, cycle III and cycle IV.CONCLUSIONS: The estimated annual decline in FEV1and FVC increased according to length of time in the grain industry among nonsmoking, ex-smoking and smoking grain elevator workers. Lung function values improved after dust control, and yearly declines in FEV1and FVC after dust control were smaller compared with yearly losses before dust control.

The Value of HAZWOPER Medical Surveillance

AAOHN Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 465-467
Author(s):  
R. Gail Huss ◽  
Kristen N. Williamson ◽  
Kimberly L. Alvis ◽  
David J. Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Testing Program ◽  
Chemical Exposures ◽  
High Prevalence

Medical surveillance is mandated for workers with potential exposure to hazardous materials. However, little guidance is provided regarding the components of a medical surveillance testing program for these individuals. This article describes the medical surveillance program for a group of 72 employees who respond to hazardous material releases throughout the United States. Conditions related to chemical exposures were not identified in this group. However, several non-occupational health conditions were identified, including a relatively high prevalence of one or more signs of metabolic syndrome. Medical surveillance may provide valuable information regarding an individual's underlying health status and non-occupational health conditions to be addressed at an early stage.

scholarly journals Unfavorable Triglyceride-rich Particle Profile in Subclinical Thyroid Disease: A Cross-sectional Analysis of ELSA-Brasil

Endocrinology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Castro Porto Silva Janovsky ◽  
Marcio Sommer Bittencourt ◽  
Alessandra C Goulart ◽  
Raul D Santos ◽  
Michael J Blaha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
College Education ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Subclinical Hyperthyroidism ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Triglyceride Rich Lipoprotein

Abstract Subclinical thyroid disorders have been associated with atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular risk. As triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles (TRLPs) have recently emerged as a casual factor for atherogenesis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between subclinical hypo- and hyperthyroidism and TRLP subfractions. We selected 5066 participants from the ELSA-Brasil cohort with available data of thyroid function and lipid profile measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Individuals were divided into 3 groups by baseline thyroid function (subclinical hypothyroidism, euthyroidism, and subclinical hyperthyroidism). Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle subfractions were analyzed through NMR spectroscopy. To examine the association between TRLP subfractions and thyroid function, we conducted univariate and multivariate linear regression models adjusted for demographic characteristics, body mass index, diabetes, smoking status, and alcohol use. Of 3304 individuals, 54% were women, with a mean age of 50.6 ± 8.7 years, 51% white, and 53% with at least a college education. Of these individuals, 92% were euthyroid, whereas 6.8% had subclinical hypothyroidism and 1.2% had subclinical hyperthyroidism. The univariate linear regression showed that very small TRLPs (P = 0.026) and very large TRLPs (P = 0.008) were statistically increased in subclinical hypothyroidism when compared with euthyroidism. In subclinical hyperthyroidism, there was a reduction in total TRLPs (P = 0.003), seemingly driven by reduced very small TRLPs (P = 0.067). The findings were confirmed when adjusted for demographic characteristics, as well as comorbidities. This study suggests that subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with very small and very large TRLPs, which are related to an unfavorable atherogenic profile. Subclinical hyperthyroidism is associated to lower very small TRLPs.

scholarly journals Navy Asbestos Medical Surveillance Program 1990–1999: Demographic Features and Trends in Abnormal Radiographic Findings

2006 ◽  
Vol 171 (8) ◽  
pp. 717-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Dell ◽  
Bruce K. Bohnker ◽  
John G. Muller ◽  
Alan F. Philippi ◽  
Francesca K. Litow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Demographic Features

Defining a nine-biomarker panel for predicting bladder cancer outcome in combination with smoking intensity: A report from the Los Angeles Cancer Surveillance Program.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 4575-4575
Author(s):  
Anirban Pradip Mitra ◽  
Jose E Castelao ◽  
Debra Hawes ◽  
Denice D Tsao-Wei ◽  
Xuejuan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cancer Surveillance ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Smoking Intensity ◽  
Biomarker Panel ◽  
Established Risk Factor ◽  
E Cadherin

4575 Background: Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) is a disease of alterations in several cellular pathways. Routine molecular profiling studies do not account for smoking, a well established risk factor for UCB, and its influence on outcome. This study assessed the prognostic potential of a multi-pathway protein panel across all UCB stages in a population-based cohort after accounting for clinicopathologic factors and smoking history. Methods: 212 UCB patients from the LA CSP, part of the NCI/SEER cancer registry, were included. "Smoking intensity" analyzed biologic and molecular impact of smoking by combining smoking status, duration of smoking and number of cigarettes smoked daily into a composite covariate. Tumors were profiled for Bax, caspase-3, Apaf-1, Bcl-2, p53, p21, COX2, VEGF and E-cadherin alterations by IHC. Univariate analyses and multivariable modeling examined associations with outcome. Results: Median follow up was 13.2 years. Age, pathologic stage, adjuvant therapy (all p< 0.001) and surgical modality (p = 0.05) were associated with survival. Increasing smoking intensity was associated with worse outcome (P < 0.001). Apaf-1 (p = 0.005), E-cadherin (p = 0.014) and p53 (p = 0.032) were univariately prognostic; E-cadherin remained prognostic after multivariate analysis (p = 0.04). Combined alterations in all 9 biomarkers were prognostic by univariate (p < 0.001) and multivariate (p = 0.006) analysis. A multivariate model that included all 9 biomarkers and smoking intensity was more accurate in predicting prognosis than models comprising of standard clinicopathologic covariates without (p < 0.001) or with (p = 0.018) smoking intensity. Conclusions: The study confirms detrimental effects of smoking on UCB prognosis. Apaf-1, E-cadherin and p53 individually predicted UCB survival. Increasing number of biomarker alterations was significantly associated with worsening survival, although markers contained in the panel were not necessarily prognostic individually. Predictive value of the nine-biomarker panel with smoking intensity was significantly higher than that of routine clinicopathologic parameters alone.

scholarly journals Intraindividual Stability of Human Erythrocyte Cholinesterase Activity

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 1358-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee J Lefkowitz ◽  
Joseph M Kupina ◽  
Nigel L Hirth ◽  
Rachel M Henry ◽  
Georgia Y Noland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Interindividual Variation ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Intraindividual Variation ◽  
Us Army ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical Laboratory Technician

Abstract Background: Erythrocyte cholinesterase (RBC-ChE) activities serve as useful and sensitive biomarkers to monitor exposure to cholinesterase-inhibiting substances, such as chemical warfare nerve agents and pesticides. Although the interindividual variation of RBC-ChE is well characterized, the magnitude of intraindividual variation for RBC-ChE remains controversial. An accurate measure of intraindividual variation is critical for establishing the appropriate frequency of RBC-ChE testing. Methods: We retrospectively tracked the intraindividual variation of RBC-ChE activities among 46 male nerve agent workers from a single US Army depot that participated in a medical surveillance program requiring periodic RBC-ChE monitoring. All RBC-ChE analysis was performed by the same medical laboratory technician by the delta pH method. Results: A mean of 38 and a median of 37 RBC-ChE measurements were available for each worker. The mean duration of employment for these workers was 20 years (median, 21 years). The mean CV for RBC-ChE in this set of 46 workers was 3.9%. Linear regression analysis of the data for each worker resulted in a mean slope of 0.0010 delta pH units/h per year. Conclusions: RBC-ChE activities increased in each person by a mean of 0.01 delta pH units/h every 10 years, which is a negligible rate. These findings highlight the stability of RBC-ChE activities over time in a given individual and may have important policy implications regarding the appropriate frequency of RBC-ChE testing.

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