scholarly journals Origin of Small Understory Beech in New York Northern Hardwood Stands

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph D. Nyland
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Root Sucker ◽  
Root Suckers

Abstract I sampled understory beech with heights that were 4 ft tall or less to determine their origin in 22 northern hardwood stands in New York. The proportion of seedling-origin beech ranged from 5 to 75% across sites. However, in 20 stands, the majority of beech (58–91%) with heights of 2–4 ft tall had a root sucker origin. Coupled with other information from published sources, findings suggest four possibilities about beech regeneration: (1) seed production and/or early seedling survival may have a clonal linkage, with some genotypes producing little viable seed, or with few seedlings surviving after germination; (2) a prevalence of root suckers among the taller understory beech suggests their higher potential for long-term survival and development and limited shifts in the genetic makeup of that species within a stand; (3) at some level of stocking, taller understory beech root suckers may interfere with survival and development of seedling regeneration; and (4) because the taller understory beech has a root sucker origin at most sites, root suckers may just develop more rapidly than seedlings.

scholarly journals Interference to Hardwood Regeneration in Northeastern North America: Assessing and Countering Ferns in Northern Hardwood Forests

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather M. Engelman ◽  
Ralph D. Nyland
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Hardwood Forests ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forests ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Further Development

Abstract The extremely dense shade cast by spreading ferns, particularly hayscented, New York, and bracken ferns, interferes with the survival and development of tree seedlings in northern hardwood forests. Excessive bracken frond litter and hayscented fern root mats can also prevent adequate germination and seedling development. In addition, the herbaceous cover may harbor detrimental small herbivores, while large ones often preferentially browse seedlings that grow through this layer. Increased understory light levels after an overstory disturbance, abundant soil moisture, fire, and herbivory promote ferns, whereas excessive and repeated cold or drought deter fern development and propagation. The most promising control methods repress ferns until seedlings cast adequate shade to inhibit further development of the fern layer. When ferns cover more than 30% of the understory, well-timed applications of either glyphosate or sulfometuron methyl have successfully controlled hayscented, New York, and bracken ferns. Two carefully timed mowings annually for at least 2 years have also provided long-lasting control on level, accessible sites. Deer populations must be reduced where browsing prevents development of desirable plants.

scholarly journals Long-term survival in limited-stage small cell lung carcinoma: Experience in Rochester, New York from 1975 to 1981

Cancer ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1193-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. George ◽  
Denis Fitzgerald ◽  
Bruce S. Brown ◽  
Christy Chuang ◽  
Robert F. Asbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Limited Stage

scholarly journals Availability and Utilization of Automated External Defibrillators in New York State Schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milla Arabadjian ◽  
Stephanie Serrato ◽  
Mark V. Sherrid
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
New York State ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Automated External Defibrillators ◽  
York State

Background: Use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) improve survival. Professional health organizations recommend that AEDs be available in crowded places, including schools but currently only 18 US states require them. Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) research in the school-age population has largely focused on school sub-groups, leaving out the majority of US students and adults working in schools. New York State (NYS) has one of the largest student populations in the US. Our objective was to gain epidemiologic data on SCA across a variety of school levels and examine the availability and utilization of AEDs in a state that requires them.Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study utilizing an electronic survey. We included NYS school nurses and collected electronic surveys in January-March, 2018. We analyzed demographic data of school characteristics, SCA occurrences and AED use and availability.Results: Of 876 respondents (36.1% response rate), 71 (8.2%) reported SCAs, with 41 occurring in adults. AEDs were deployed in 59 of 71 (84.3%) events, 40 individuals had long-term survival. Most SCAs occurred in middle-schools. School size or number of AEDs/school had no bearing on short-term or long-term survival. AEDs were widely available in private schools, though this was not required by state law.Conclusions: Our data suggest a need for more comprehensive examination of SCA in US schools. Research comparing the availability and utilization of school AEDs between states that do and do not require them is needed and may have important clinical and policy implications for SCA emergency preparedness in US schools.

scholarly journals Mortality Models for Newly Regenerated Loblolly Pine Plantations in the Georgia Piedmont

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Hitch ◽  
B.D. Shiver ◽  
B.E. Borders
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Mortality Models ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
Georgia Piedmont

Abstract Several mortality functions were examined to develop useful equations to predict early seedling survival of site-prepared loblolly pine plantations in the Georgia Piedmont region. Models were developed to predict surviving trees per acre at age 5 from stand initiation, as well as from age 1, under optimal planting and handling practices. The models performed reasonably, predicting surviving trees per acre at age 5 with an average absolute prediction error of 9.2% and 1.9% respectively. The age 1 to age 5 model was also found to perform reasonably on operational plantings with an average absolute prediction error of 3.3% for the study data. The models could be used to obtain starting densities for existing mortality models used in long term planning, or to predict the success of stand establishment after the first growing season. South. J. Appl. For. 20(4):197-202.

scholarly journals Long-Term Survival With Tafamidis in Patients With Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perry Elliott ◽  
Brian M. Drachman ◽  
Stephen S. Gottlieb ◽  
James E. Hoffman ◽  
Scott L. Hummel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Unique Identifier ◽  
Transthyretin Amyloidosis ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
New York Heart Association ◽  
Amyloid Cardiomyopathy

Background: Tafamidis is approved in many countries for the treatment of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. This study reports data on the long-term efficacy of tafamidis from an ongoing long-term extension (LTE) to the pivotal ATTR-ACT (Tafamidis in Transthyretin Cardiomyopathy Clinical Trial). Methods: Patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy who completed ATTR-ACT could enroll in an LTE, continuing with the same tafamidis dose or, if previously treated with placebo, randomized (2:1) to tafamidis meglumine 80 or 20 mg. All patients in the LTE transitioned to tafamidis free acid 61 mg (bioequivalent to tafamidis meglumine 80 mg) following a protocol amendment. In this interim analysis, all-cause mortality was assessed in patients treated with tafamidis meglumine 80 mg in ATTR-ACT continuing in the LTE, compared with those receiving placebo in ATTR-ACT transitioning to tafamidis in the LTE. Results: Median follow-up was 58.5 months in the continuous tafamidis group (n=176) and 57.1 months in the placebo to tafamidis group (n=177). There were 79 (44.9%) deaths with continuous tafamidis and 111 (62.7%) with placebo to tafamidis (hazard ratio, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.44–0.79]; P <0.001). Mortality was also reduced in the continuous tafamidis (versus placebo to tafamidis) subgroups of: variant transthyretin amyloidosis (0.57 [0.33–0.99]; P =0.05) and wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis (0.61 [0.43–0.87]; P =0.006); and baseline New York Heart Association class I and II (0.56 [0.38–0.82]; P =0.003) and class III (0.65 [0.41–1.01]; P =0.06). Conclusions: In the LTE, patients initially treated with tafamidis in ATTR-ACT had substantially better survival than those first treated with placebo, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment in transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT01994889 and NCT02791230.

scholarly journals Survival of Colletotrichum coccodes in Infected Tomato Tissue and in Soil

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Dillard ◽  
A. C. Cobb
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Tomato Roots ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Infected Tomato

Studies were initiated in 1988 and 1991 to assess long-term survival ability of Colletotrichum coccodes. Sclerotia and infected tomato fruit skin tissue were enclosed in nylon pouches and placed on the soil surface (0 cm) or buried 10 and 20 cm deep in fields located in Geneva, New York. Over time, the greatest decline in recovery of C. coccodes from tomato skin and decrease in viability of sclerotia were from samples placed on the soil surface. In the 1988 study, after 8 years in the field, 0, 90, and 88% of the sclerotia were viable, and C. coccodes was isolated from 0, 54, and 86% of the tomato skin tissues at the 0-, 10-, and 20-cm soil depths, respectively. In the 1991 study, after 5 years in the field, C. coccodes was isolated from 22, 35, and 37% of the tomato skin tissues, and 55, 91, and 92% of the sclerotia were viable at the 0-, 10-, and 20-cm soil depths, respectively. It is apparent that lengthy crop rotations are required to significantly decrease viable inoculum of C. coccodes. In a separate study, C. coccodes overwintered in naturally infected tomato roots in commercial fields and was consistently isolated from roots in the fall and the following spring. Fields sampled in the fall yielded similar numbers of plants with infected roots the following spring.

Long-term survival and development of dissociated parasympathetic neurons in culture

1980 ◽  
Vol 183 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy B. Tuttle ◽  
Janusz B. Suszkiw ◽  
March Ard
Keyword(s):  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Parasympathetic Neurons
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