Root Regeneration and Field Performance of Hormone-Treated Red Oak Seedlings

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Merlyn M. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Root Regeneration ◽  
Seedling Roots ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Abstract Northern red oak often grows slowly the first few years after out-planting, and weed control may be required for an extended time. In an attempt to stimulate early growth, hormone mixtures of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin were applied to seedlings before planting by soaking roots in hormone solutions, by application of vacuum during the root-soak period to increase hormone penetration, and by dipping roots in starch polyacrylate gel with hormones. Root regeneration potential and field performance were markedly improved when hormone-treated trees were planted on a weed-free site. A safe and beneficial hormone mixture for soaking seedling roots is 200 mg/l IAA plus 0.1 mg/l kinetin. North. J. Appl. For. 5:25-28, March 1988.

Pruning Northern Red Oak Nursery Seedlings: Effects on Root Regeneration and Early Growth

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Root Pruning ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Root Regeneration ◽  
Early Fall

Northern red oak seedlings were top-pruned in the seedbed each month from August until the next March. In late March, all trees were lifted, planted in the greenhouse, and harvested 30 days later. Any top-pruning treatment that directly or indirectly removed the leaves in late summer or early fall markedly reduced root regeneration and initial shoot growth after planting in March. Removal of all the visible buds at any date resulted in increased numbers of new shoots after planting, while pruning stems at the groundline reduced new shoot growth.In additional studies, shoots and roots of trees lifted in March were pruned to various levels before planting. Results indicated that root pruning influenced seedling growth much more than shoot pruning. The amount of new shoot growth was significantly correlated with root weight of seedlings when planted, whether differences in root weight were natural or obtained by pruning. The effects of shoot pruning and root pruning on seedling growth were largely independent of each other.

scholarly journals Effects of Variations in Hormonal Treatments Upon In vitro Regeneration Potential in Embryo Explants of Arenga pinnata

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-503
Author(s):  
Shamsiah Abdullah ◽  
Siti Nurain Roslan
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
In Vitro Method ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Hormonal Treatments

One of the challenges related to propagation of Arenga pinnata is its lengthy period of seed dormancy. In this study, in vitro regeneration was carried out to determine the effect of hormonal treatment on the embryo explant of Arenga pinnata. Embryos were surface sterilized and cultured into different media supplemented with various hormones concentrations and combinations. Each treatment contained of Kinetin (KN) hormone (1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg/l) and in combination with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg/l. The height of plumule and length of radical was observed and recorded. Treatment 8 (3 mg/ml KN + 0.1 mg/ml IAA) showed 59.09% in plumule height increment while treatment 4 (1 mg/ml KN + 0.3 mg/ml IAA) showed the highest radical increments with 93.62%. The knowledge gained in this study consequently helps us to better understand the role of KN and IAA in the in vitro regeneration protocol. Since in vitro method able to produce higher number of in vitro seedlings at one time, it is important to establish the in vitro regeneration protocol for this plant.

Performance of Northern Red Oak Planting Stock

1993 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Zaczek ◽  
Kim C. Steiner ◽  
Todd W. Bowersox
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Planting Stock ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Direct Seeded

Abstract Northern red oak planting trials were established in three clearcuts in Pennsylvania to evaluate field performance in relation to type of planting stock (1-0, 2-0, 1-1, 2-1, containerized direct-seeded) and other treatments (undercutting in the nursery, top-clipping at planting time, hormone treatment of roots). All treatments were planted simultaneously, and most employed the same genetic material. After 3 yr in the field, seedlings that had been grown for 2 yr in 7.9-1 pots were tallest and had the best survival, but this stock was expensive to produce and difficult to plant. The 2-0 bareroot stock performed best among remaining treatments, especially if the seedlings had been undercut in the nursery. Undercutting was not beneficial to the performance of 1-0 seedlings. Top-clipping and a hormone treatment had little effect on performance. Seedlings from direct-seeding were as tall as those from 1-0 stock. The advantage of 2-0 stock over 1-0 stock was partly, but not entirely, attributable to its larger size. North. J. Appl. For. 10(3):105-111.

Effects of atmospheric humidity and zonal soil water stress on initial growth of planted northern red oak seedlings

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Soil Moisture Stress ◽  
Root Regeneration ◽  
Lower Root ◽  
Stress Levels

Northern red oak (Quercusrubra L.) 1-0 seedlings were planted in plastic tubes with a rubber moisture barrier placed around taproots at midpoint so that upper and lower sections of the root system could be independently watered with polyethylene glycol solutions to induce various soil moisture stress conditions. Trees were also grown at two relative humidity (RH) levels.In the first of two studies, soil moisture stress levels were −1/3, −3, −6 bars (1 bar = 105 Pa), and RH's were 75 and 45%. Root regeneration (largely confined to cut end of lower taproot) and top growth decreased, and dieback of planted stems increased, as soil moisture stress of either upper or lower root sections increased. When both sections were −6 bars, root regeneration was nil.In the second study, upper root soil moisture stress levels included a −12-bar treatment which reduced dry weight of leaves and roots to about one-half that of unstressed plants. However, a unit increase in stress to lower root sections was 1.5 to 4 times more inhibitory to growth than a similar stress to upper root sections. Low RH decreased several measures of seedling growth, increased stem dieback, and prolonged time to budbreak from 6 to 12 days for most soil moisture treatments.These studies demonstrate that root regeneration is very sensitive to soil moisture stress on lower roots, where most of the new roots originate, and moderately sensitive to stress on upper roots and to atmospheric stress on shoots.

iaglu, a gene from Zea mays involved in conjugation of growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid

Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 265 (5179) ◽  
pp. 1699-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Szerszen ◽  
K Szczyglowski ◽  
R. Bandurski
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

scholarly journals Seasonal Interactions Among Genotype, Root Regeneration Potential, and Field Performance of Transplanted Container-grown Sycamore

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 594C-594
Author(s):  
Larry J. Shoemake ◽  
Michael A. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Seasonal Interactions ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Platanus Occidentalis ◽  
Root Regeneration ◽  
Genetically Improved ◽  
Sib Families

Seven half-sib families of Platanus occidentalis L., either genetically improved selections (TFS-09, TFS-24, WV-10, WV-14) or non-improved selections (Brazos-C, Brazos-D, Putnam), were grown outdoors in 2.3-L to 9.1-L containers, then transplanted in fall, spring, or summer to assess root regeneration potential (RRP) and initial (2 year) post-transplant landscape growth. TFS-09, TFS-24, Brazos-C, and Brazos-D were Texas selections, while WV-10, WV-14, and Putnam were from Tennessee and Kentucky. Generally, local half-sib families grew more rapidly than geographically distant families and some genetically improved selections grew more rapidly than non-improved selections, both in the landscape and nursery. Rapid growth of new roots and transplanted root dry matter were more consistently associated with successful transplant establishment across families than other measures of RRP. Survival was reduced after summer vs. spring or fall transplant.

scholarly journals Bareroot and Balled-and-burlapped Red Oak and Green Ash Can Be Summer Transplanted using the Missouri Gravel Bed System

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Starbuck ◽  
Daniel K. Struve ◽  
Hannah Mathers
Keyword(s):  
Wood Chips ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
Gravel Bed ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Root Regeneration ◽  
Transplant Shock ◽  
B Trees ◽  
Similar Survival

Two experiments were conducted to determine if 5.1-cm-caliper (2 inches) `Summit' green ash (Fraxinus pensylvanica), and 7.6-cm-caliper (3 inches) northern red oak (Quercus rubra) could be successfully summer transplanted after being heeled in pea gravel or wood chips prior to planting in the landscape. Spring harvested trees of each species were either balled and burlapped (B&B) or barerooted before heeling in pea gravel or wood chips. Compared to B&B `Summit' green ash, bareroot stock had similar survival and shoot extension for three growing seasons after summer transplanting. Bareroot and B&B northern red oak trees had similar survival and central leader elongation for 3 years after summer transplanting. In the third year after transplanting, northern red oak bareroot trees heeled in pea had smaller trunk caliper than B&B trees heeled in wood chips. These two taxa can be summer transplanted B&B or bareroot if dormant stock is spring-dug and maintained in a heeling-in bed before transplanting. This method of reducing transplant shock by providing benign conditions for root regeneration can also be used to extended the planting season for field-grown nursery stock; the method is called the Missouri gravel bed system.

scholarly journals UTILIZATION OF SOIL-APPLIED AUXINS FOR SYNCHRONIZATION OF FRUIT SET AND YIELD INCREASE IN CITRULLUS LANATUS.

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 642g-643
Author(s):  
Dean Martens ◽  
Tim Hartz ◽  
William Frankenberger
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Optimum Application

Exogenous application of auxins to plants has been reported to increase flowering, fruit set and decrease fruit abcission. This laboratory and field study determined that two auxins, identified by HPLC analysis with a long soil residence time and a high conversion to indole-3-acetic acid, synchronized and increased harvest of melons. The two watermelon varieties, `Tiffany' (seedless) and `Picnic' (seed) were treated with auxin and tryptophan (TRP) concentrations ranging from 10-4 to 10-10 M applied to the root ball one week before transplanting to a Buren soil. Optimum application levels (10-6 to 10-9 M) resulted in 86, 92 and 86% of the total harvested Tiffany melons mature at one date for the auxins and TRP, respectively, compared to <70% for the control plants. Optimum application rates significantly increased harvested weight 4.0 and 5.3 kg (Tiffany) and 10.0 to 10.5 kg (Picnic) plant-1. Soil-application of auxins and TRP significantly increased the number of harvested Tiffany melons, increased both weight and harvested number of Picnic melons and increased the uniformity of the harvested melons in both varieties when compared with control plants. Measurements of early growth, branching and early fruit set were not significantly correlated with harvest weight or number of harvested melons but auxin and TRP application stimulated flowering in both melons by 7-10 days.

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