scholarly journals Cigarette Smoking Quit Rates Among Persons With Serious Psychological Distress in the United States From 2008 to 2016: Are Mental Health Disparities in Cigarette Use Increasing?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna M Streck ◽  
Andrea H Weinberger ◽  
Lauren R Pacek ◽  
Misato Gbedemah ◽  
Renee D Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Mental Health Disparities ◽  
Serious Psychological Distress

scholarly journals “Here in the Bible Belt, It’s Predominantly Negative”: Sexual Identity Stigma in the American South, 50 Years After Stonewall

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Frey ◽  
William J. Hall ◽  
Jeremy T. Goldbach ◽  
Paul Lanier
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mental Health Disparities ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
United States South ◽  
The Impact

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and pansexual (LGB+) individuals have disproportionate rates of mental illness. Minority stress and sexual identity stigma are posited as the primary social determinants of LGB+ mental health disparities. Discussions in the literature have questioned the impact of sexual identity stigma in a world increasingly accepting of sexual minorities. Additionally, the LGB+ population in the United States South is often overlooked in American research. This article details a qualitative study exploring experiences related to sexual identity stigma among adults who identify as LGB+ in the United States South. Semi-structured interviews with 16 individuals were analyzed using content analysis. Six thematic categories of stigma emerged from participants’ experiences: (a) navigating an LGB+ identity, (b) social acceptability of an LGB+ identity, (c) expectation of LGB+ stigma, (d) interpersonal discrimination and harassment, (e) structural stigma, and (f) relationship with the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) community. Findings suggest that sexual identity stigma remains a common experience among these Southern United States participants. Further, thematic categories and subcategories primarily aligned with extant theory with one exception: Intracommunity stigma, a form of stigma emanating from the LGBTQ community, emerged as a stigma type not currently accounted for in theoretical foundations underpinning mental health disparities in this population.

Trends in cigarette use, by serious psychological distress status in the United States, 1998–2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie L. Forman-Hoffman ◽  
Sarra L. Hedden ◽  
Greta Kilmer Miller ◽  
Kristen Brown ◽  
Judith Teich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Serious Psychological Distress

scholarly journals Cigarette Use, E-Cigarette Use, and Dual Product Use Are Higher Among Adults With Serious Psychological Distress in the United States: 2014–2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1875-1882
Author(s):  
Andrea H Weinberger ◽  
Jiaqi Zhu ◽  
Jessica L Barrington-Trimis ◽  
Katarzyna Wyka ◽  
Renee D Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Serious Psychological Distress ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
The Past ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Distress Scale

Abstract Introduction Cigarette use is declining yet remains common among adults with mental health conditions. In contrast, e-cigarette use may be on the rise. This study investigated the relationship between serious psychological distress (SPD) and the exclusive and dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes among US adults from 2014 to 2017. Aims and Methods Data came from 2014 to 2017 National Health Interview Survey, an annual, cross-sectional survey of nationally representative samples of US adults (total combined analytic sample n = 125 302). Past-month SPD was assessed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) and cigarette and e-cigarette use were assessed at each wave. Logistic regressions examined product use by SPD status in 2017 and trends in product use by SPD status from 2014 to 2017. Analyses adjusted for demographic covariates. Results The prevalence of cigarette use, e-cigarette use, and dual use was higher among adults with SPD than without SPD in each year including the most recent data year 2017 (cigarette use, 39.50% vs. 13.40%, p < .001; e-cigarette use, 7.41% vs. 2.65%, p < .001; dual use, 5.30% vs. 1.26%, p < .001). Among adults with SPD, the prevalence of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual product use did not change from 2014 to 2017 in contrast to a decreasing prevalence in cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual product use among individuals without SPD. Conclusions US adults with SPD report higher levels of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual product use than adults without SPD. Use of these products has not declined over the past several years in contrast to decreasing trends among adults without SPD. Implications These data extend our knowledge of tobacco product use and mental health disparities by showing that in addition to higher levels of cigarette use, US adults with SPD also use e-cigarettes and dual products (cigarette and e-cigarette) more commonly than those without SPD. Furthermore, the use of these products has not declined over the past several years in contrast to continuing declines among adults without SPD. More research is needed to understand the potential positive and negative consequences of e-cigarette use among adults with SPD.

Prevalence and epidemiological associates of novel psychedelic use in the United States adult population

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1058-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D Sexton ◽  
Michael S Crawford ◽  
Noah W Sweat ◽  
Allyson Varley ◽  
Emma E Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychosocial Characteristics ◽  
Illicit Use ◽  
Directed Research

Background: Novel psychedelics approximate classic psychedelics, but unlike classic psychedelics, novel psychedelics have been used by humans for a shorter period of time, with fewer data available on these substances. Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of novel psychedelic use and the associations of novel psychedelic use with mental health outcomes. Methods: We estimated the prevalence of self-reported, write-in lifetime novel psychedelic use and evaluated the associations of novel psychedelic use with psychosocial characteristics, past month psychological distress, and past year suicidality among adult respondents pooled from years 2008–2016 of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (weighted n=234,914,788). Results: A fraction (weighted n=273,720; 0.12%) reported lifetime novel psychedelic use. This cohort tended to be younger, male, and White, have greater educational attainment but less income, be more likely to have never been married, engage in self-reported risky behavior, and report lifetime illicit use of other drugs, particularly classic psychedelics (96.9%). (2-(4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanamine) (2C-B) (30.01%), (2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenethylamine) (2C-I) (23.9%), and (1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylphenyl)-2-aminoethane) (2C-E) (14.8%) accounted for the majority of lifetime novel psychedelic use. Although lifetime novel psychedelic use was not associated with psychological distress or suicidality compared to no lifetime novel psychedelic use or classic psychedelic use, relative to lifetime use of classic psychedelics but not novel psychedelics, lifetime novel psychedelic use was associated with a greater likelihood of past year suicidal thinking (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR)=1.4 (1.1–1.9)) and past year suicidal planning (aOR=1.6 (1.1–2.4)). Conclusion: Novel psychedelics may differ from classic psychedelics in meaningful ways, though additional, directed research is needed.

scholarly journals Cortisol and Racial Health Disparities Affecting Black Men in Later Life: Evidence From MIDUS II

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 155798831987096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Ober Allen ◽  
Daphne C. Watkins ◽  
Linda Chatters ◽  
Arline T. Geronimus ◽  
Vicki Johnson-Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Black Men ◽  
White Men ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racial Health Disparities ◽  
Medical Morbidity

In the United States, Black men have poorer overall health and shorter life spans than most other racial/ethnic groups of men, largely attributable to chronic health conditions. Dysregulated patterns of daily cortisol, an indicator of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis stress–response functioning, are linked to poor health outcomes. Questions remain regarding whether and how cortisol contributes to Black–White differences in men’s health. This exploratory study compared early day changes in cortisol levels (diurnal cortisol slopes from peak to pre-lunch levels) and their associations with medical morbidity (number of chronic medical conditions) and psychological distress (Negative Affect Scale) among 695 Black and White male participants in the National Survey of Midlife in the United States (MIDUS II, 2004–2009). Black men exhibited blunted cortisol slopes relative to White men (−.15 vs. −.21, t = −2.97, p = .004). Cortisol slopes were associated with medical morbidity among Black men ( b = .050, t = 3.85, p < .001), but not White men, and were unrelated to psychological distress in both groups. Findings indicate cortisol may contribute to racial health disparities among men through two pathways, including the novel finding that Black men may be more vulnerable to some negative health outcomes linked to cortisol. Further, results suggest that while cortisol may be a mechanism of physical health outcomes and disparities among older men, it may be less important for their emotional health. This study increases understanding of how race and male sex intersect to affect not only men’s lived experiences but also their biological processes to contribute to racial health disparities among men in later life.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document