scholarly journals 1299. Epidemiology of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease (IPD) in the United States 2011-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S737-S738
Author(s):  
Ryan Gierke ◽  
Monica M Farley ◽  
William Schaffner ◽  
Ann Thomas ◽  
Art Reingold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
In Series

Abstract Background Thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was recommended for U.S. children aged < 5 years in February 2010 and recommended in series with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) for adults aged ≥ 65 years in 2014. PCV13 has led to dramatic reductions in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) burden. New, higher valency PCVs (PCV15, PCV20) are expected to be licensed for adults in late 2021. We examined remaining PCV13-type IPD among children and adults and assessed IPD burden potentially preventable through PCV15 and PCV20 use. Methods IPD cases (isolation of pneumococcus from sterile sites) were identified through CDC’s Active Bacterial Core surveillance during 1998–2019. Isolates were serotyped by Quellung or whole genome sequencing. Incidence rates (cases/100,000) were calculated using U.S. Census Bureau population denominators. Results After introduction of PCV13 in children, by 2013–2014, PCV13-type IPD declined 89% (from 15 to 2 cases/100,000) in children age < 5 years and 67% (from 19 to 7 cases/100,000) in adults age ≥ 65 years. During 2014–2019, rates of PCV13-type IPD in children and adults remained stable. In 2018–2019, among children age < 5 years, serotypes 3, 19F, 19A, and 6C accounted for most of the remaining PCV13-type IPD (46%, 32%, 14% and 4% respectively) (Figure 1). Among adults age ≥ 65 years, serotypes 3, 6C, 19A, and 19F accounted for most of the remaining PCV13-type IPD (62%, 12%, 10%, and 9% respectively) (Figure 1). During 2015–2019, rates of PCV15 and PCV20-type IPD have remained stable. In 2018–2019, among adults age ≥ 65 years, PCV15 non-PCV13-type IPD rates were 3.6 cases per 100,000 and accounted for 15% of all IPD. PCV20 non-PCV13-type IPD rates were 6.8 cases per 100,000 and accounted for 29% of all IPD (Figure 2). Among children age < 5 years, PCV15 non-PCV13-type IPD rates were 1.6 cases per 100,000 and accounted for 17% of all IPD. PCV20 non-PCV13-type IPD rates were 2.8 cases per 100,000 and accounted for 39% of all IPD (Figure 2). Figure 1. Incidence rates of IPD among children < 5 years old, by pneumococcal conjugate vaccine type and individual PCV13 serotypes, 2011–2019 Figure 2. Incidence rates of IPD among adults ≥ 65 years old, by pneumococcal conjugate vaccine type and individual PCV13 serotypes, 2011–2019 Conclusion Following the dramatic reductions after PCV13 introduction, PCV13-type IPD has remained stable during the past five years. There are opportunities to prevent an additional 30% IPD burden among adults through new PCV use. Disclosures William Schaffner, MD, VBI Vaccines (Consultant) Lee Harrison, MD, GSK, Merck, Pfizer, Sanofi Pasteur (Consultant)

scholarly journals 1470. Epidemiology of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease (IPD) Following 18 years of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) Use in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S736-S737
Author(s):  
Tamara Pilishvili ◽  
Ryan Gierke ◽  
Monica M Farley ◽  
William Schaffner ◽  
Ann Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Vaccine Type

Abstract Background PCVs have been recommended for U.S. children since 2000. A 7-valent vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in 2000. This was replaced by a 13-valent vaccine (PCV13) in 2010. PCV13 was also recommended for adults aged ≥ 65 years in August 2014. We evaluated PCV impact on IPD. Methods IPD cases (isolation of pneumococcus from sterile sites) were identified through CDC’s Active Bacterial Core surveillance during 1998-2018. Isolates were serotyped by Quellung or whole genome sequencing and classified as PCV13-type and non-vaccine-type (NVT). Incidence rates (cases/100,000) were calculated using U.S. Census Bureau population denominators. Results From 1998 through 2018, overall IPD rates among children aged < 5 years decreased by 93% (from 95 to 7 cases/100,000). PCV13-type IPD decreased by 98% (from 88 to 2 cases/100,000). Among adults aged ≥ 65 years, overall IPD rates decreased by 60% (from 61 to 25 cases/100,000). PCV13-type IPD rates declined 86% (from 46 to 7 cases/100,000). Declines were most dramatic in the years following PCV7 introduction, with additional declines after PCV13 introduction in children (Figures 1 and 2). Serotypes 3, 19A, and 19F caused most of the remaining PCV13-type IPD. NVT IPD rates did not change significantly among children. Among adults aged 50-64 years, NVT IPD increased by 83% (from 6 to 12 cases/100,000) (p< 0.01). Among adults aged ≥ 65 years, NVT IPD increased by 22% (from 15 to 18 cases/100,000) (p< 0.01). The most common NVTs in 2018 were 22F (10% of all IPD), 9N (7%) and 15A (5%). Among children, the proportion of cases with meningitis increased from 5% to 14% (p< 0.01), and the proportion with pneumonia/empyema increased from 17% to 31% (p< 0.01). Among adults, the proportion of cases with meningitis did not change (3%), while the proportion with pneumonia/empyema increased from 72% to 76% (p=0.01). Figure 1: Incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease among children aged < 5 years, 1998-2018 Figure 2: Incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease among adults aged ≥ 65 years, 1998-2018 Conclusion Overall IPD incidence among children and adults decreased following PCV introduction for children, driven primarily by reductions in PCV-type IPD. NVT IPD increased in older adults, but these increases did not eliminate reductions from PCV13-type IPD. Disclosures Lee Harrison, MD, GSK (Consultant)Merck (Consultant)Pfizer (Consultant)Sanofi Pasteur (Consultant)

scholarly journals 647Impact of 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S34-S34
Author(s):  
Lindsay Kim ◽  
Thomas H. Taylor ◽  
Tracy Pondo ◽  
Monica M. Farley ◽  
William Schaffner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Greenland

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1123
Author(s):  
Kristiana Alexandrova Nikolova ◽  
Mikael Andersson ◽  
Hans-Christian Slotved ◽  
Anders Koch
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Program

The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was introduced in 2010 to the childhood vaccination program in Greenland. This study aimed to estimate the effectiveness of the PCV13 on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children and in adults in Greenland. IPD cases from the pre-PCV13 period (January 1995–September 2010) were compared with the post-PCV13 period (September 2010–October 2020). Register data were collected from laboratory records, IPD reports, the national registry on admissions, and medical files. A total of 295 IPD cases were identified in the study period. Overall IPD incidence rate (IR) declined from the pre-PCV13 period to the post-PCV13 period (IR 23.3 to 15.3 per 100,000 person years). Overall IPD incidence among children decreased significantly, whereas overall IPD incidence among the elderly increased significantly. During the post-PCV13 period, the incidence of vaccine serotype (VT) IPD decreased in all ages, while the incidence of non-vaccine serotype (NVT) IPD increased. This increase was most substantial among elderly ≥60 years. In conclusion, the PCV13 has reduced incidence rates of IPD in Greenland. However, the increase in NVT IPD among the elderly is noteworthy, and sup-ports continued surveillance of IPD in the population of Greenland.

scholarly journals 70. Changes in Invasive Pneumococcal Disease among Adults Living with HIV Following Introduction of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine, 2008–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S46-S47
Author(s):  
Almea Matanock ◽  
Jianmin Li ◽  
William Adih ◽  
Wei Xing ◽  
William Schaffner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Conjugate Vaccines ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was recommended for children in 2010, and for immunocompromised adults (including PLHIV) in series with 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) in 2012. We evaluated changes in IPD incidence in adults ≥19 years old by HIV status after PCV13 introduction and proportion of remaining IPD due to serotypes included in the 15- (PCV15) and 20-valent (PCV20) conjugate vaccines expected to be licensed in 2021. Methods IPD cases were identified through CDC’s Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs). HIV status was obtained from medical records. Isolates were serotyped by Quellung reaction, or whole-genome sequencing and grouped into PCV13-types, PPV11-types (unique to PPSV23), or non-vaccine types. We estimated IPD incidence (cases per 100,000 people) using national projections of ABCs cases as numerators and national case-based HIV surveillance (PLHIV) or US census data (non-PLHIV) as denominators. We compared IPD incidence in 2011–12 and 2017–18 to pre-PCV13 baseline (2008–09) by serotype groups. We assessed the proportion of IPD due to serotypes included in PCV15 and PCV20. Results Overall IPD incidence at baseline was 306.7 for PLHIV and 15.2 for non-PLHIV. From baseline to 2017–18, IPD incidence declined in PLHIV (-40.3%; 95% CI: -47.7, -32.3%) and non-PLHIV (-28.2%; 95% CI: -30.9, -25.5%). The largest reductions were in PCV13-type IPD during both periods (-44.2% for PLHIV and -42.2% for non-PLHIV in 2011–12; -72.5% for PLHIV and -62.2% for non-PLHIV in 2017–18) compared to baseline (Figures 1, 2). In 2017–2018, overall IPD and PCV13-type rates were 16.8 (95% CI: 15.1, 18.5) and 12.6 (95% CI: 9.9, 15.3) times as high in PLHIV vs non-PLHIV, respectively; PCV13, PCV15/non-PCV13, and PCV20/non-PCV15 serotypes comprised 21.5%, 11.2% and 16.5% of IPD in PLHIV. IPD incidence rates among adults aged ≥19 years old by serotype group in PLHIV, 2008–2018 IPD incidence rates among adults aged ≥19 years old by serotype group in non-PLHIV, 2008–2018 Conclusion IPD rates declined significantly in both PLHIV and non-PLHIV during the study period due to reductions in PCV13-type IPD; however, IPD rates remained 17-fold higher in PLHIV compared to non-PLHIV, mainly due to non-PCV13 types. Higher-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines provide opportunities to reduce some of the remaining IPD burden in PLHIV. Disclosures William Schaffner, MD, VBI Vaccines (Consultant) Lee Harrison, MD, GSK, Merck, Pfizer, Sanofi Pasteur (Consultant)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document