Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Tamara Sonn
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Middle East ◽  
American Academy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
American Council ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The World ◽  
Middle East Studies

If Edward Said is known for identifying the political implications of negative stereotypes of Islam, John L. Esposito is known for correcting them. This chapter summarizes the significance of Esposito’s contributions to the study of Islam and his leadership in inspiring other scholars around the world. The best-known scholar of Islam in North America, Esposito has published more than seventy books, as well as handbooks, encyclopedias, and other sources that have become standard academic references. He has served as president of the American Council for the Study of Islamic Societies, the Middle East Studies Association, and the American Academy of Religion. This chapter also introduces the chapters contained in this volume, which extend his work in four areas: the secular bias of Orientalism, its failure to recognize both the enormous diversity within Islam and profound similarities between Islam and other religions, and the current iteration of Orientalism: Islamophobia.

Orientalist Speech-acts and Israeli Middle East Studies: Cautions and Criticisms of Edward Said Beyond the Battle of Ideas

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-237
Author(s):  
Eyal Clyne
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Academic World ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Theories ◽  
Middle East Studies

Drawing on speech acts theory, this article discusses the illocutionary and perlocutionary forces of discursive practices with which certain academic circles seek to discredit the Saidian ‘Orientalism’ framework. Identifying the unusual value attached to Said as object of attachment or detachment, desirability and exceptionality, this analysis turns away from deliberations about ‘orientalism’ as a party in a battle of ideas, and studies common cautionary statements and other responses by peers as actions in the social (academic) world, that enculture and police expectations. Cautioning subjects about this framework, or conditioning its employment to preceding extensive pre-emptive complicating mitigations, in effect constructs this framework as undesirable and ‘risky’. While strong discursive reactions are not uncommon in academia, comparing them to treatments of less-controversial social theories reveals formulations, meanings and attentions which are arguably reserved for this ‘theory’. Conclusively, common dismissals, warnings and criticisms of Said and ‘Orientalism’ often exemplify Saidian claims, as they deploy the powerful advantage of enforcing hegemonic, and indeed Orientalist, views.

Pensée 2: The “African” in Africana/Black/African and African American Studies

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Somerville
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
The Political ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Black African ◽  
Academic Fields ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Middle East Studies ◽  
Research And Policy

In Pensée 1, “Africa on My Mind,” Mervat Hatem questions the perceived wisdom of creating the African Studies Association (focused on sub-Saharan Africa) and the Middle East Studies Association a decade later, which “institutionalized the political bifurcation of the African continent into two academic fields.” The cleaving of Africa into separate and distinct parts—a North Africa/Middle East and a sub-Saharan Africa—rendered a great disservice to all Africans: it has fractured dialogue, research, and policy while preventing students and scholars of Africa from articulating a coherent understanding of the continent.

scholarly journals ANDRÉ RAYMOND (1925–2011)

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-781
Author(s):  
Jane Hathaway ◽  
Randi Deguilhem
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Far East ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The University ◽  
Middle East Studies

André Raymond, who passed away at his home in Aix-en-Provence on 18 February 2011, leaves an international legacy in Middle East studies. Born in 1925 in Montargis, a small town situated about seventy-five miles south of Paris, Monsieur Raymond, as he was known to his numerous students and to younger scholars in Europe, Russia, the Middle East, the Far East, and North America, taught for many years at the University of Provence and, after his retirement, in the United States.

The Jamahiriya Experiment in Libya: Qadhafi and Rousseau

1980 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami G. Hajjar
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Sovereign State ◽  
The World ◽  
Taking Charge ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Middle East Studies

Only a few social scientists outside the field of Middle East studies are aware that in the sovereign state of Libya today there is no government. Indeed, it is not likely to have one so long as the country's strongman, Colonel Mu'ammar al-Qadhafi,1 continues to be the leader of the Libyan revolution. This has been the case ever since 2 March 1977, when the institution of government in its traditional legal-bureaucratic sense was dismantled, and the people's authority, exercised through people's congresses and committees, was proclaimed. By this action, Libya initiated in practice the so-called era of jamahiriya—the era of the masses and the practice of direct democracy – and has taken a number of steps in that direction. A recent example was the renaming of some of its embassies overseas as ‘people's bureaux’, with Libyan students and citizens taking charge of their functions and management.2 This action, instigated personally by Qadhafi, was intended to illustrate to the world that since Libya has no government, ordinary Libyan citizens overseas represent themselves directly to foreign peoples.

scholarly journals Borders and Mobility in South Asia and Beyond

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reece Jones ◽  
Md. Azmeary Ferdoush
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Middle East ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
Gulf Countries ◽  
The World

<div>The world is experiencing one of the largest movements of people in history with 65 million people in 2015 alone displaced by conflict, the majority of these coming from Asia. This book offers a deep engagement with individuals whose lives were shaped by encounters with borders: by telling the stories of a poor Bangladeshi women who regularly crosses the India border to visit family, Muslims from India living in Gulf countries for work, and the traumatic journey of a young Afghan man as he sets off on foot towards Germany. </div><div>The international and interdisciplinary work in this book analyses how mobility and diaspora are engaged in literature and media and how the lives of migrants are transformed during their journey to new homes in South Asia, the Middle East, North America, and Europe, coalescing in a timely portrait of migrancy and undesired mobility. </div><div><br></div>

The strategic importance of Iraq in the international system

2019 ◽  
pp. 558
Author(s):  
Raedi Irheim Mohammed Shebani
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Political System ◽  
International System ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
The Political ◽  
Major Powers ◽  
Security Training ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
The World ◽  
Ancient Times

Each country has a set of pillars that give the state its importance in the perceptions of other countries and Iraq has a geo-strategic location and cultural depth and symbolic civilization and its tremendous wealth is an important figure in the international calculations, the material and moral pillars affect the level of strategic importance regionally and internationally, and therefore Iraq has become the focus of attention and aspirations Major countries since ancient times, Iraq has the pillars of what makes it in the case of (international attractor) throughout the ages, therefore, Iraq has been the catalyst for competition between countries and influential in regional and international balances throughout history and after 2003 Lal American for Iraq, the perceptions of countries have changed the importance of Iraq regionally and internationally after the change of the political system in it and its exit from the war as a strategic vacuum that countries seek regionally and internationally to control and influence it, influencing it means influence and domination of the sources of its energy, which led to the growing importance in perceptions Most countries have found in changing the political system in Iraq a way to build new relations with him and get economic, military and strategic opportunities by achieving understanding with him, while others have had strong relations and alliances with the former Iraqi political system has lost this Alliances and relations with the emergence of the new political system and therefore began to employ internal crises and trying to restore relations and interests and alliances to the former with him and the competition of major powers in the world for the position of Iraq as a place for security training in the Middle East.

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