Food Insecurity and HIV/AIDS

2018 ◽  
pp. 143-178
Author(s):  
A Aidala ◽  
M Yomogida ◽  
J Leigh
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Populations with food and nutrition challenges are also those with highest rates of HIV infection. Rates of food insecurity are exceptionally high among people living with HIV. Although there have been advances in access to prevention, treatment, and care including nutrition support in resource-poor countries, recent studies continue to document prevalence of food insecurity among people living with HIV. This chapter contextualizes food insecurity as part of national HIV epidemics and provides a comprehensive treatment of possible solutions to the seemingly intractable and global problem. Topics covered include prevalence and predictors; bidirectional pathways linking food insecurity and HIV/AIDS; and responding to food insecurity and nutrition needs, including via a systems approach. It also includes practice examples.

scholarly journals Food insecurity and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up receiving anti-retroviral therapy at public hospitals of Wollega zones, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2019

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adugna Oluma ◽  
Muktar Abadiga ◽  
Getu Mosisa ◽  
Werku Etafa ◽  
Ginenus Fekadu
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background : Food insecurity and HIV/AIDS are intertwined in a vicious cycle through nutritional, mental health, and behavioral pathways. Food insecurity is a potentially important barrier to the success of antiretroviral treatment, increased hospitalizations, and higher morbidity among HIV-infected individuals in resource-poor settings particularly in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of food insecurity and its associated factors among adult people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up receiving ART at public hospitals of wollega zone, west Ethiopia. Methods : An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on a sample of 428 among people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up receiving anti-retroviral therapy at public hospitals of wollega zones. Data was collected using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale and dietary diversity scale by interviewer-administered questionnaires. The data was checked, cleaned and entered into Epi data version 3.1 and then exported into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) window version 21 for analysis. Descriptive statistics - cross-tabulation frequency table, mean, standard deviation, percentage, were employed. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used with AOR at CI 95% and p<0.05 were used. Result: The overall prevalence of food insecurity among PLWHA receiving ART therapy was 68.8% which was partitioned as mild (23.32%), moderate (29.09%) and severe (16.35%) food in secured. Being single [AOR=3.507(1.377, 8.934)], illiterate [AOR=5.234(1.747, 15.686)], cigarette smoking [AOR=3.577(2.104, 6.081)], presence of anemia (AOR=2.650(1.563, 4.493)] and inadequate dietary diversity [AOR=2.870(1.088, 7.569)] were predictors of food insecurity. Conclusion : The prevalence of food insecurity was relatively high. Educational status, marital status, cigarette smoking, presence of anemia, opportunistic infection and inadequate dietary diversity were the major significant factors affecting food insecurity. We recommended Wollega Zonal Health Bureaus to effectively intervene in behavioral modification and health information dissemination (HID) which is the key strategies to improve food security.

scholarly journals Household food security and associated factors among Adult people living with HIV/AIDS attending ART clinic in Hospitals of Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia 2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
REKIKU Fikre ABEBE ◽  
Tamrayhu seyoum
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Abstract Introduction: Globally 78 million peoples have been infected with HIV/AIDS. Ethiopia has one of the largest populations of HIV infected people in the sub-Saharan region of Africa. The relationship between HIV epidemic and food security situation in Ethiopia is complex. Hence, it is likely that the epidemic will contribute to worsening widespread food insecurity. The aim of study was to assess the level of food security and associated factors among adult people living with HIV /AIDS attending ART Clinic in Hospitals of Hawassa city Administration. Methodology: Thisinstitutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2017. Systematic sampling technique was used to select a total of 532 study participant. Data entry was done with EPI-info version 3.5.3 and transferred into SPSS Version 20. Crude with adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval at p- value < 0.05were computed to examine statistical significance. Results:Based on food security assessment core module scale 360 (67.3%) People living with HIV/AIDSwere food insecure. People living with HIV/AIDSwho disclose HIV status were 3.9 (AOR=3.902, 95% CI (1.238, 12.301) times more likely to be food secured compared with their counterparts.Similarly, those who were with high and medium dietary diversity were about 5 times more likely to be house hold food insecure compared to those with low dietary diversity AOR= 4.990(2.488,10.05), AOR= 4.696(1.54,14.36), respectively. Conclusions:Food Security status among People living with HIV/AIDSon ART in Hawassa town was low. Dietary diversity, household size, and disclosing HIV status were found to be significant predictors of food security. Key words: Food security, food insecurity ,Adult living with HIV/AIDS.

Nutritional risk, food insecurity and quality of life in people living with HIV/AIDS in Paraíba, Brazil

Food Security ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1173-1183
Author(s):  
Nadjeanny Ingrid Galdino Gomes ◽  
Rodrigo Pinheiro de Toledo Vianna ◽  
Amira Rose Costa Medeiros ◽  
Rafaela Lira Formiga Cavalcanti de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Food Insecurity and Other Poverty Indicators Among People Living with HIV/AIDS: Effects on Treatment and Health Outcomes

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1133-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth C. Kalichman ◽  
Dominica Hernandez ◽  
Chauncey Cherry ◽  
Moira O. Kalichman ◽  
Christopher Washington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Poverty Indicators ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Magnitude of non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy and associated factors among adult people living with HIV/AIDS in Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8558
Author(s):  
Fikadu Tadesse Nigusso ◽  
Azwihangwisi Helen Mavhandu-Mudzusi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction Following global efforts to increase antiretroviral therapy (ART) access and coverage, Ethiopia has made significant achievement with a 6.3% annual decline in the HIV/AIDS incidence rate between 1990 and 2016. Such success depends not only on access to ART but also on attaining optimum treatment adherence. Emerging studies in Ethiopia has shown the increasing prevalence of poor adherence and lack of the desired viral suppression, but the extent and factors associated with non-adherence to ART are not well known, especially in the current study setup. In this study, we examined the magnitude and factors associated with treatment and non-adherence to ART among people living with HIV in Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, northwest Ethiopia. Methods An institutional facility based cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among adult people living with HIV/AIDS from mid-December 2016 to February 2017 with only 98.9% response rate. Sociodemographic factors (age, gender, marital status and residential area), economic factors (educational status, income, asset possession, employment status, dietary diversity, nutritional status and food security), and clinical characteristics (CD4 count, duration on ART and history of opportunistic infections) were explanatory variables. ART non-adherence was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS). We used binary logistic regression and subsequent multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the factors associated with ART non-adherence. Result Overall, 39.7% of the participants were found non-adherent to ART. Strong association was found between non-adherence to ART and young age below 25 years (AOR: 4.30, 95% CI [1.39–3.35]; p = 0.011), urban residential area (AOR: 2.78, CI [1.23–7.09], p = 0.043), lack of employment (AOR: 1.75, 95% CI [1.05–2.91], p = 0.032), food insecurity (AOR: 2.67, 95% CI [7.59–8.97]; p < 0.0001), malnutrition (AOR: 1.55, 95% CI [1.94–2.56]; p = 0.027) and opportunistic infections (AOR: 1.81, 95% CI [1.11–2.97]; p = 0.018). Conclusion The prevalence of non-adherence to ART in this study was high. Sociodemographic and economic factors such as young age of below 25 years, urban residential area, lack of employment, food insecurity, malnutrition and opportunistic infections were among the factors associated with non-adherence to ART.

High magnitude of food insecurity and malnutrition among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia: A call for integration of food and nutrition security with HIV treatment and care Programme

2020 ◽  
pp. 026010602097185
Author(s):  
Fikadu Tadesse Nigusso ◽  
Azwihangwisi Helen Mavhandu-Mudzusi
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Urban Residence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: Food insecurity and malnutrition has been reported to have a strong connection with human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV); this is more pervasive in Sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. In this study, we examined the predictors of food insecurity and factors associated with malnutrition among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at outpatient antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics. Data were collected using participant interview, anthropometry, and participants’ chart review. Interviews were carried out with 390 PLHIVs who were on antiretroviral treatment follow-up. Four robust multivariate linear regression models were used to identify predictors of food insecurity and factors associated with malnutrition. Results: The prevalence of food insecurity and malnutrition among PLHIV were found to be 76% and 60%, respectively. The predictors of food insecurity were: urban residence; household dependency; average monthly income below 53.19 USD; poor asset possession; CD4 count below 350 cell/ μL; and recurrent episodes of opportunistic infections (OIs). Correspondingly, malnutrition among PLHIV was found strongly associated with: female gender; urban residence; income below 53.19 USD; poor asset possession; duration of less than one year on ART; and recurrent episodes of OIs. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that the higher prevalence of food insecurity and malnutrition among PLHIV underscore: the need for economic and livelihood intervention; addressing contextual factors including the gender dimensions; adoption of nutrition-specific and sensitive interventions; and integration of food and nutrition security with HIV treatment and care programmes.

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