Spectacular Trials

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-98
Author(s):  
Mary Angela Bock
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
The United States ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Child Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Assault Case ◽  
Visual Coverage ◽  
The Way ◽  
Trayvon Martin

This chapter expands on the concept of embodied gatekeeping as it studies the way visual journalists negotiate access to the most newsworthy trials. In the United States, rules for camera access to trials vary state to state. Some states, such as Florida, have opened courtrooms to visual media, while others, such as Pennsylvania, forbid camera-in-the-court coverage. At either end of the spectrum, visual journalists face a maze of rules designed by court officials to protect the dignity of the process. Based on interviews and observational research, this chapter details the way visual journalists have negotiated these rules as they covered several spectacular trials, including Jerry Sandusky’s child sexual assault trial in 2012, George Zimmerman’s trial for the murder of Trayvon Martin in 2013, and Bill Cosby’s sexual assault case in 2017. Each case drew national attention, and each presented journalists with different sets of grounded challenges for visual coverage.

Expert Evidence to Counteract Jury Misconceptions about Consent in Sexual Assault Cases: Failures and Lessons Learned

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Horan ◽  
Jane Goodman-Delahunty
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Expert Evidence ◽  
Undue Influence ◽  
Sexual Offences ◽  
Child Sexual Assault ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Sexual Assault Case ◽  
Trial Participants

This century has seen dramatic changes in the way in which sexual offences, particularly against children, are prosecuted in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. These jurisdictions have acknowledged the potential of myths and misconceptions about how a victim will behave, both during and after a sexual assault, to exert an undue influence on jurors. Expert evidence to educate jurors about common rape myths that apply to issues of consent has been used to redress this issue. However, such expert evidence poses significant challenges for the lawyers and experts. This article explores the effectiveness of educative expert evidence through analysis of an illustrative contemporary Australian child sexual assault case where the authors interviewed some of the jurors and other trial participants about their perceptions of the expert evidence. Practical suggestions to improve educative expert evidence are identified and explained.

Measurement of Victim Credibility in Child Sexual Assault Cases: A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Ashmyra Voogt ◽  
Bianca Klettke ◽  
Angela Crossman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Female Victim ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Child Sexual Assault ◽  
Definition Of

While the concept of credibility seems like an intuitive one, research has indicated that there is no consistent definition of this construct and that credibility may, in fact, be multidimensional. This article is the first to review how the measurement of credibility in child sexual assault cases has been conducted, with the view to improve how credibility is psychometrically measured. Our findings indicate that the majority of experiments have been conducted in the United States (67%), have been based primarily on undergraduate students as participants (67%), and primarily investigated cases involving a male defendant and female victim (69%). Ultimately, among experiments investigating victim credibility, approximately 60% of all measures were based on a single item and 53% used materials not based on the testimony of the child. Moreover, credibility has been measured using a great variety of constructs such as believability, honesty, truthfulness, suggestibility, accuracy, and reliability. A more nuanced and consistent definition of credibility will be needed to facilitate meaningful applications of the research literature.

Menelaah Lebih Dekat “Post Factual/Post Truth Politics, Studi Kasus Brexit” (Analsis Resensi Media)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Wahyono ◽  
Rizka Amalia ◽  
Ikma Citra Ranteallo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Way

This research further examines the video entitled “what is the truth about post-factual politics?” about the case in the United States related to Trump and in the UK related to Brexit. The phenomenon of Post truth/post factual also occurs in Indonesia as seen in the political struggle experienced by Ahok in the governor election (DKI Jakarta). Through Michel Foucault's approach to post truth with assertive logic, the mass media is constructed for the interested parties and ignores the real reality. The conclusion of this study indicates that new media was able to spread various discourses ranging from influencing the way of thoughts, behavior of society to the ideology adopted by a society.Keywords: Post factual, post truth, new media

Seeing Justice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Angela Bock
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
The Way

Seeing Justice examines the way criminal justice in the United States is presented in visual media by focusing on the grounded practices of visual journalists in relationship with law enforcement. The book extends the concept of embodied gatekeeping, the corporeal and discursive practices connected to controlling visual media production and the complex ways social actors struggle over the construction of visual messages. Based on research that includes participant observation, extended interviews, and critical discourse analysis, the book provides a detailed examination of the way these practices shape media constructions and the way digitization is altering the relationships between media, citizens, and the criminal justice system. The project looks at contemporary cases that made the headlines through a theoretical lens based on the work of Michel Foucault, Walter Fisher, Stuart Hall, Nicholas Mirzoeff, Nick Couldry, and Roland Barthes. Its cases reveal the way powerful interests are able to shape representations of justice in ways that serve their purposes, occasionally at the expense of marginalized groups. Based on cases ranging from the last US public hanging to the proliferation of “Karen-shaming” videos, this monograph offers three observations. First, visual journalism’s physicality increases its reliance on those in power, making it easy for officials in the criminal justice system to shape its image. Second, image indexicality, even while it is subject to narrative negation, remains an essential affordance in the public sphere. Finally, participation in this visual public sphere must be considered as an essential human capability if not a human right.

scholarly journals James Baldwin in the Fire This Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
William J. Maxwell ◽  
Bill V. Mullen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
James Baldwin ◽  
Current Wave ◽  
In Fire ◽  
The Way

William J. Maxwell, editor of James Baldwin: The FBI File (2017), interviews Bill V. Mullen on his 2019 biography, James Baldwin: Living in Fire, along the way touching on both Baldwin’s early internationalism and his relevance to the current wave of racial discord and interracial possibility in the United States.

scholarly journals Dewey and Political Communication in the Age of Mediation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
Lance E Mason
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Sociopolitical Environment ◽  
The Way

The present sociopolitical environment in the United States is perpetually mediated and beset with information from innumerable sources. This paper argues that Dewey’s conception of communication as a mutual act of meaning-making holds insights for explaining the connections between pervasive mediation and political polarization, in addition to understanding why political discourse has become more degrading in recent years. It also points the way toward viable solutions by arguing for the reorientation of schools toward valuable living experiences that are becoming less pronounced in the broader culture, such as sustained face to face engagement on matters of social import.

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