Dangerous and (In)Vulnerable

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-153
Author(s):  
Kai Arne Hansen
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Music Videos ◽  
Private Lives ◽  
Violent Men ◽  
Graphic Displays ◽  
Public Personae

The chapter investigates how The Weeknd’s aestheticization of sex, drug use, and violence contributes to positioning him as a credible outsider within the pop mainstream. Presenting analyses of three of his music videos—Pretty (2013), Heartless (2019), and Blinding Lights (2020)—the chapter revolves around two questions that emerge from this part of his oeuvre. First, in what ways do graphic displays of violence shape a representation of masculinity that panders to a broad cultural fascination with violent men? Then, how does The Weeknd’s embrace of vulnerability simultaneously place his masculinity at risk and affirm it? In an attempt to provide answers to such questions, the chapter addresses issues pertaining to the cultural disarmament of women; how notions of place frame performances of gender; the anti-hero trope of masculinity; the gendered, sexual, and racialized connotations of dance; and the blurred boundaries between pop artists’ public personae and private lives.

scholarly journals Gender differences of patients at-risk for psychosis regarding symptomatology, drug use, comorbidity and functioning – Results from the EU-GEI study

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Menghini-Müller ◽  
Erich Studerus ◽  
Sarah Ittig ◽  
Ulrike Heitz ◽  
Laura Egloff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Global Functioning

AbstractBackground:Gender differences in symptomatology in chronic schizophrenia and first episode psychosis patients have often been reported. However, little is known about gender differences in those at risk of psychotic disorders. This study investigated gender differences in symptomatology, drug use, comorbidity (i.e. substance use, affective and anxiety disorders) and global functioning in patients with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) for psychosis.Methods:The sample consisted of 336 ARMS patients (159 women) from the prodromal work package of the EUropean network of national schizophrenia networks studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI; 11 centers). Clinical symptoms, drug use, comorbidity and functioning were assessed at first presentation to an early detection center using structured interviews.Results:In unadjusted analyses, men were found to have significantly higher rates of negative symptoms and current cannabis use while women showed higher rates of general psychopathology and more often displayed comorbid affective and anxiety disorders. No gender differences were found for global functioning. The results generally did not change when corrected for possible cofounders (e.g. cannabis use). However, most differences did not withstand correction for multiple testing.Conclusions:Findings indicate that gender differences in symptomatology and comorbidity in ARMS are similar to those seen in overt psychosis and in healthy controls. However, observed differences are small and would only be reliably detected in studies with high statistical power. Moreover, such small effects would likely not be clinically meaningful.

scholarly journals Interventions to Reduce Drug Use Among Methamphetamine Users at Risk for HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen F. Corsi ◽  
Steve Shoptaw ◽  
Musheng Alishahi ◽  
Robert E. Booth
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Drug Use

scholarly journals Drug use and criminality among unaccompanied refugee minors: a review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Karin Ivert ◽  
Mia-Maria Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
International Research ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Unaccompanied Refugee Minors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Refugee Minors

Purpose Organisations working with children have acknowledged that unaccompanied refugee minors (URM) across Europe are exposed to environments and situations that put them at risk for becoming addicted to drugs or becoming involved in crime. The purpose of this paper is to study an examination of existing international research concerning URM and of whether, and if so how, issues relating to drug use and criminality among these children are discussed in the international literature. Design/methodology/approach A literature review was conducted using PsycINFO, PubMed, Sociological abstracts and ERIC databases, which together cover the social and behavioural science and also medicine. Findings Findings from the present review show that the issues of drug abuse and criminality among URM are rarely acknowledged in the international research literature. When the occurrence of substance abuse and/or criminality is discussed, it is often in relation to mental health problems and in terms of self-medication, i.e. that alcohol or drugs are used by the URM to cope with painful experiences or mental health problems, and also with the challenges of integrating into a new society, difficulties finding work, unsuitable living conditions and a lack of social support. Originality/value This review shows that several researchers have emphasised that untreated mental health problems, stressful living conditions and a lack of support and control might put these children at risk for substance abuse and criminality, and this suggests a need for further research in this area.

Use of Abnormal and Health Psychology as Topics in a Classroom Format to Reduce Alcohol and other Drug Abuse among College Students at Risk

2001 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 728-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Miley
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Health Psychology ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
College Credit

This study was done to assess whether classes containing topics derived from two college courses, Abnormal Psychology and Health Psychology, could be used in a class room format to reduce alcohol and other drug abuse among at-risk college students. Topics covered included stress and stress management, alcohol and other drug use and abuse, chronic illnesses and psychological disorders that develop from an unhealthy lifestyle, and factors that play a role in good health and well-being. Students were enrolled in a semester-long course for college credit as an alternative to punitive sanctions for on-campus alcohol violations and other drug violations. The Midwest Institute on Drug Use Survey and the CORE Alcohol and Drug Survey were administered on the first and last days of class. Analysis indicated a significant self-reported reduction in drug use and associated negative symptoms and behavioral effects. Women were more likely to report reductions in drug use than men.

Frequency and factors predicting the risk for aberrant opioid use in patients receiving outpatient palliative care at a comprehensive cancer center.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 228-228
Author(s):  
Sriram Yennu ◽  
Tonya Edwards ◽  
Joseph Anthony Arthur ◽  
Zhanni Lu ◽  
John M Najera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Center ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale

228 Background: Opioid misuse is a growing crisis among patients with chronic pain. Cancer patients at risk of aberrant drug behaviors (ADB) are frequently underdiagnosed in routine cancer care. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and factors predicting risk for Aberrant Opioid and Drug use among Patients receiving Outpatient Supportive Care Consultation at a Comprehensive Cancer Center Methods: In this retrospective study, 690 consecutive patients referred to a supportive care clinic were reviewed. Patients were eligible if they were ≥18 years, had a diagnosis of cancer, and were on opioids for pain for atleast a week. All patients were assessed with the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS), SOAPP-14, and CAGE-AID. At risk patients with aberrant opioid behavior (+Risk) was defined as SOAPP-14 score ≥7. Descriptive statistics, spearman correlation coefficient, multivariate analysis were performed. Results: 690/752 consults were eligible. A total of 135(20%)were +risk. 69(11%) were CAGE-AID +.SOAPP-14 scores were positively associated with CAGE-AID p < 0.001; male gender p = 0.007; ESAS pain p = < 0.006; ESAS depression p < 0.001; ESAS anxiety, p < 0.001, and ESAS financial distress p = < 0.001. Multivariate analysis indicated that the odds ratio for +Risk was 2.47 in patients with CAGE-AID+ (p < 0.001), 1.95 for male gender (p = 0.005), 1.11 per point for ESAS anxiety (p = 0.019), and 1.1 per point. for ESAS financial distress (p = 0.02). Conclusions: 20% of cancer patients on opioids presenting to supportive care center are at risk of aberrant drug behavior. Male patients with anxiety, financial distress, and prior alcoholism/illicit drug use are significant predictors of +Risk. Further research to effectively manage these patients is needed.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Complementary/Alternative Treatment Use and Illicit Drug Use Among a Cohort of Women with, or at Risk for, HIV Infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 989-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Merenstein ◽  
Haihong Hu ◽  
Esther Robison ◽  
Alexandra M. Levine ◽  
Ruth Greenblatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Treatment Use

Phenobarbital Overdose: A Kinetic Approach

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 613-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd J. Brown ◽  
Larry A. Bauer ◽  
H. Richard Miyoshi
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Elimination Rate ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Kinetic Approach ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Phenobarbital Overdose ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Approach

A case that utilizes a pharmacokinetic approach to evaluate the need for withdrawal prophylaxis after a phenobarbital overdose is presented. To date, the practitioner has had to rely on an accurate drug-use history to predict which patients may be at risk for withdrawal symptoms. Since this information is often difficult to obtain, some other means of identifying potential withdrawal-syndrome patients would be useful. This case describes the successful use of kinetically determined parameters, the elimination rate constant and half-life, in predicting withdrawal potential. This easily used kinetic approach may provide practitioners with a useful tool for predicting those patients at risk for withdrawal symptoms following phenobarbital overdose.

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