Practical Truth in Aristotle

2020 ◽  
pp. 249-272
Author(s):  
Sarah Broadie
Keyword(s):  
Main Tool ◽  
Nicomachean Ethics

In explaining the nature of phronēsis in Nicomachean Ethics 6, Aristotle invokes what he calls ‘practical truth’. The paper distinguishes and adjudicates between several interpretations of the puzzling phrase, including that of G. E. M. Anscombe. Its main tool of analysis is a distinction between semantic or assertoric truth, and truth in some richer-than-semantic sense. This distinction is illustrated from Aristotelian texts outside the Nicomachean Ethics. In conclusion, the paper reflects on the question of what the notion of practical truth contributes to the argument of the Nicomachean Ethics.

Multi-parameter Singular Integrals. (AM-189)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Street
Keyword(s):  
Partial Differential Equations ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Singular Integrals ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Classical Theorem ◽  
Quantitative Version ◽  
Linear Partial Differential Equations

This book develops a new theory of multi-parameter singular integrals associated with Carnot–Carathéodory balls. The book first details the classical theory of Calderón–Zygmund singular integrals and applications to linear partial differential equations. It then outlines the theory of multi-parameter Carnot–Carathéodory geometry, where the main tool is a quantitative version of the classical theorem of Frobenius. The book then gives several examples of multi-parameter singular integrals arising naturally in various problems. The final chapter of the book develops a general theory of singular integrals that generalizes and unifies these examples. This is one of the first general theories of multi-parameter singular integrals that goes beyond the product theory of singular integrals and their analogs. This book will interest graduate students and researchers working in singular integrals and related fields.

Spaces of PL Manifolds and Categories of Simple Maps (AM-186)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedhelm Waldhausen ◽  
Bjørn Jahren ◽  
John Rognes
Keyword(s):  
Main Tool ◽  
Homotopy Equivalence ◽  
Classifying Space ◽  
Deformation Retract ◽  
Simplicial Sets ◽  
Full Proof

Since its introduction by the author in the 1970s, the algebraic K-theory of spaces has been recognized as the main tool for studying parametrized phenomena in the theory of manifolds. However, a full proof of the equivalence relating the two areas has not appeared until now. This book presents such a proof, essentially completing the author's program from more than thirty years ago. The main result is a stable parametrized h-cobordism theorem, derived from a homotopy equivalence between a space of PL h-cobordisms on a space X and the classifying space of a category of simple maps of spaces having X as deformation retract. The smooth and topological results then follow by smoothing and triangulation theory. The proof has two main parts. The essence of the first part is a “desingularization,” improving arbitrary finite simplicial sets to polyhedra. The second part compares polyhedra with PL manifolds by a thickening procedure. Many of the techniques and results developed should be useful in other connections.

Reading the Nicomachean Ethics as an Investigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-196
Author(s):  
Guy Schuh
Keyword(s):  
Nicomachean Ethics ◽  
Small Point

Abstract Aristotle tells us that the Nicomachean Ethics is an “inquiry” and an “investigation” (methodos and zētēsis). This paper focuses on an under-appreciated way that the work is investigative: its employment of an exploratory investigative strategy—that is, its frequent positing of, and later revision or even rejection of, merely preliminary positions. Though this may seem like a small point, this aspect of the work’s methodology has important consequences for how we should read it—specifically, we should be open to the possibility that some contradictions in the text are the result of his employment of this investigative strategy. In the paper, I describe this investigative strategy, discuss what motivates Aristotle to employ it in the work, and go through three contradictions that are plausibly identified as examples of its use—specifically, his claims that courageous people do and do not fear death, that friendship is and is not mutually recognized goodwill, and that virtuous people do and do not choose noble actions for their own sake.

The Novel TEM Sample Preparation Approach for Targeted via with Barrier/Cu Seed Layer Inspection

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Fei Hsieh ◽  
Shih-Hsiang Tseng ◽  
Bo Min She
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Seed Layer ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Dual Beam ◽  
Sample Preparation Procedure

Abstract In this study, an FIB-based cross section TEM sample preparation procedure for targeted via with barrier/Cu seed layer is introduced. The dual beam FIB with electron beam for target location and Ga ion beam for sample milling is the main tool for the targeted via with barrier/Cu seed layer inspection. With the help of the FIB operation and epoxy layer protection, ta cross section TEM sample at a targeted via with barrier/Cu seed layer could be made. Subsequent TEM inspection is used to verify the quality of the structure. This approach was used in the Cu process integration performance monitor. All these TEM results are very helpful in process development and yield improvement.

To the discussion about the modern world order

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
A. Mustafabeyli
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Intergovernmental Relations ◽  
World System ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
World Order ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Second World

In many political researches there if a conclusion that the world system which was founded after the Second world war is destroyed of chaos. But the world system couldn`t work while the two opposite systems — socialist and capitalist were in hard confrontation. After collapse of the Soviet Union and the European socialist community the nature of intergovernmental relations and behavior of the international community did not change. The power always was and still is the main tool of international communication.

On mappings with finite length distortion on Riemann surfaces

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhii Volkov ◽  
Vladimir Ryazanov
Keyword(s):  
Finite Length ◽  
Riemann Surfaces ◽  
Boundary Behavior ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Natural Generalization ◽  
Finite Distortion ◽  
Lipschitz Mappings ◽  
Geometric Function ◽  
Mappings With Finite Distortion ◽  
Length Distortion

The present paper is a natural continuation of our previous paper (2017) on the boundary behavior of mappings in the Sobolev classes on Riemann surfaces, where the reader will be able to find the corresponding historic comments and a discussion of many definitions and relevant results. The given paper was devoted to the theory of the boundary behavior of mappings with finite distortion by Iwaniec on Riemannian surfaces first introduced for the plane in the paper of Iwaniec T. and Sverak V. (1993) On mappings with integrable dilatation and then extended to the spatial case in the monograph of Iwaniec T. and Martin G. (2001) devoted to Geometric function theory and non-linear analysis. At the present paper, it is developed the theory of the boundary behavior of the so--called mappings with finite length distortion first introduced in the paper of Martio O., Ryazanov V., Srebro U. and Yakubov~E. (2004) in the spatial case, see also Chapter 8 in their monograph (2009) on Moduli in modern mapping theory. As it was shown in the paper of Kovtonyuk D., Petkov I. and Ryazanov V. (2017) On the boundary behavior of mappings with finite distortion in the plane, such mappings, generally speaking, are not mappings with finite distortion by Iwaniec because their first partial derivatives can be not locally integrable. At the same time, this class is a generalization of the known class of mappings with bounded distortion by Martio--Vaisala from their paper (1988). Moreover, this class contains as a subclass the so-called finitely bi-Lipschitz mappings introduced for the spatial case in the paper of Kovtonyuk D. and Ryazanov V. (2011) On the boundary behavior of generalized quasi-isometries, that in turn are a natural generalization of the well-known classes of bi-Lipschitz mappings as well as isometries and quasi-isometries. In the research of the local and boundary behavior of mappings with finite length distortion in the spatial case, the key fact was that they satisfy some modulus inequalities which was a motivation for the consideration more wide classes of mappings, in particular, the Q-homeomorphisms (2005) and the mappings with finite area distortion (2008). Hence it is natural that under the research of mappings with finite length distortion on Riemann surfaces we start from establishing the corresponding modulus inequalities that are the main tool for us. On this basis, we prove here a series of criteria in terms of dilatations for the continuous and homeomorphic extension to the boundary of the mappings with finite length distortion between domains on arbitrary Riemann surfaces.

‘Ought’ in Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Annas
Keyword(s):  
Nicomachean Ethics

Much attention has been paid to the issue of whether, in the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle uses what we would recognize as deontic concepts. On the basis of a study of dei and other constructions I argue that Aristotle’s use of them is often misconstrued and should be interpreted as giving reasons that are reasons of virtue, not a distinct alternative. Many issues remain live in the interpretation (and the translation) of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics; in this essay I offer a contribution to one of these, the nature and role of deontic concepts in the work. I offer this essay with pleasure to a celebration of Terry and Gail’s work.

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