Novel Physical Simulators for Non-Synoptic Wind Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horia Hangan ◽  
Maryam Refan ◽  
Partha P. Sarkar ◽  
Delong Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wind Tunnels ◽  
Wind Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Synoptic Wind ◽  
Physical Simulations ◽  
Wind Events ◽  
New Generation

The study of wind effects on buildings and structures is primarily based on physical simulations of wind events. Synoptic, atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) winds have been simulated in boundary layer wind tunnels. Non-synoptic wind events such as tornadoes and downbursts are three-dimensional, dynamic, and non-stationary, and, as a result, a new generation of physical simulators have emerged in the past decades. Some of these simulators, their performances as well as their limitations, are reviewed in this chapter.

A new atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel simulation methodology for wind effects on large cooling towers considering wind environment variations

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1194-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
XX Cheng ◽  
X Chen ◽  
YJ Ge ◽  
H Jiang ◽  
L Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Wind Effects ◽  
Simulation Methodology ◽  
Codes Of Practice ◽  
Wind Tunnel Simulation ◽  
Tunnel Model

The traditional atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel model test practice employs wind fields, the flow characteristics of which are in accordance with the empirical formulae of the atmospheric turbulence presented in Codes of Practice and monographs. However, the empirical formulae presented in Codes of Practice and monographs cannot truthfully reflect the high variations of the realistic atmospheric turbulence which sometimes aggravates wind effects on structures. Based on model tests conducted in a multiple-fan actively controlled wind tunnel, it is found that most wind effects on large cooling towers change monotonically with the increase in free-stream turbulence, and the model test results are more unfavorable for a flow field of low turbulence intensity than for a flow field of high turbulence intensity with respect to the measured coherences. Thus, a new atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel simulation methodology for wind effects on circular cylindrical structures is proposed to overcome the deficiency of the traditional atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel model tests. The new simulation methodology includes the simulation of two realistic atmospheric boundary layer flow fields with the highest and the lowest turbulence intensities in the wind tunnel and the envelopment of model test results obtained in the two flow fields (e.g. the mean and fluctuating wind pressure distributions, the power spectral density, the coherence function, and the correlation coefficient). The superiority of the new atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel simulation methodology over the traditional model test practice is demonstrated by comparing the model test results with the full-scale measurement data.

scholarly journals A Three‐Dimensional Array for the Study of Infrasound Propagation Through the Atmospheric Boundary Layer

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (16) ◽  
pp. 9299-9313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madelon M. E. Smink ◽  
Jelle D. Assink ◽  
Fred C. Bosveld ◽  
Pieter S. M. Smets ◽  
Läslo G. Evers
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Array

Decreasing the Side Wall Contamination in Wind Tunnels

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Motohashi ◽  
R. F. Blackwelder
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Boundary Layers ◽  
Laminar Boundary Layer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Wind Tunnels ◽  
Turbulent Fluid ◽  
Side Walls ◽  
Suction Slot

To study boundary layers in the transitional Reynolds number regime, the useful spanwise and streamwise extent of wind tunnels is often limited by turbulent fluid emanating from the side walls. Some or all of the turbulent fluid can be removed by sucking fluid out at the corners, as suggested by Amini [1]. It is shown that by optimizing the suction slot width, the side wall contamination can be dramatically decreased without a concomitant three-dimensional distortion of the laminar boundary layer.

Wind effects on rough-walled and smooth-walled large cooling towers

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 843-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
XX Cheng ◽  
L Zhao ◽  
YJ Ge ◽  
R Dong ◽  
C Demartino
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Cooling Towers ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Wind Effects

Adding vertical ribs is recognized as a useful practice for reducing wind effects on cooling towers. However, ribs are rarely used on cooling towers in China since Chinese Codes are insufficient to support the design of rough-walled cooling towers, and an “understanding” hampers the use of ribs, which thinks that increased surface roughness has limited effects on the maximum internal forces that control the structural design. To this end, wind tunnel model tests in both uniform flow field with negligible free-stream turbulence and atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) turbulent flow field are carried out in this article to meticulously study and quantify the surface roughness effects on both static and dynamic wind loads for the purpose of improving Chinese Codes first. Subsequently, a further step is taken to obtain wind effects on a full-scale large cooling tower at a high Re, which are employed to validate the results obtained in the wind tunnel. Finally, the veracity of the model test results is discussed by investigating the Reynolds number (Re) effects on them. It has been proved that the model test results for atmospheric boundary layer flow field are all obtained in the range of Re-independence and the conclusions drawn from model tests and full-scale measurements basically agree, so most model test results presented in this article can be directly applied to the full-scale condition without corrections.

scholarly journals A pressure-driven atmospheric boundary layer model satisfying Rossby and Reynolds number similarity

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-790
Author(s):  
Maarten Paul van der Laan ◽  
Mark Kelly ◽  
Mads Baungaard
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pressure Driven

Abstract. Idealized models of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) can be used to leverage understanding of the interaction between the ABL and wind farms towards the improvement of wind farm flow modeling. We propose a pressure-driven one-dimensional ABL model without wind veer, which can be used as an inflow model for three-dimensional wind farm simulations to separately demonstrate the impact of wind veer and ABL depth. The model is derived from the horizontal momentum equations and follows both Rossby and Reynolds number similarity; use of such similarity reduces computation time and allows rational comparison between different conditions. The proposed ABL model compares well with solutions of the mean momentum equations that include wind veer if the forcing variable is employed as a free parameter.

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