From Social Insurance to Poverty Relief

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Uribe Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Poverty Relief ◽  
Welfare Systems

This article expounds how analysts have narrated and analyzed the transformations undergone by policies of social protection in Latin America since the emergency of social security. It emphasizes the weight given in these analyses to the construction of typologies adapted to this regional context, the incidence of the consolidation of democracy, the models of economic development and corporate pacts, the role of political parties and policy makers, the legacy of previous policies, and the actions undertaken by social movements and other organized actors (such as private service providers). In general, it finds that the narratives offered in the literature specializing in this theme have shown the how of the developments undergone by welfare systems in Latin America and identified the factors that have influenced these changes, but they have rarely sought to discover the why of these transformations.

Financial access and economic development: the moderating role of financial consumer protection

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Kriese ◽  
Joshua Yindenaba Abor ◽  
Elikplimi Agbloyor
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Compliance Monitoring ◽  
Financial Access ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the moderating role of financial consumer protection (FCP) in the access–development nexus. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on cross-country data on 102 countries surveyed in the World Bank Global Survey on FCP and Financial Literacy (2013). The White heteroscedasticity adjusted regressions and Two-stage least squares regressions (2SLS) are used for the estimation. Findings Interactions between FCP regulations that foster fair treatment, disclosure, dispute resolution and recourse and financial access have positive net effects on economic development. However, there is no sufficient evidence to suggest that interactions between financial access and enforcement and compliance monitoring regulations have a significant effect on economic development. Practical implications First, policy makers should continue with efforts aimed at instituting FCP regimes as part of strategies aimed at broadening access to financial services for enhanced economic development. Second, instituting FCP regimes per se may not be enough. Policy makers need to consider possible intervening factors such as the provision of adequate resources and supervisory authority, for compliance monitoring and enforcement to achieve the expected positive effect on economic development. Originality/value This study extends evidence in the law–finance–growth literature by providing empirical evidence on the effect of legal institution specific to the protection of retail financial consumers on the access–development nexus using a nouvel data set, the World Bank Global survey on FCP and Financial Literacy (2013).

Financial Access of Latin America and Caribbean Firms: What Are the Roles of Institutional, Financial, and Economic Development?

2021 ◽  
pp. 097265272110153
Author(s):  
Lan Khanh Chu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Latin America And Caribbean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderating Role

This article examines the impact of institutional, financial, and economic development on firms’ access to finance in Latin America and Caribbean region. Based on firm- and country-level data from the World Bank databases, we employ an ordered logit model to understand the direct and moderating role of institutional, financial, and economic development in determining firms’ financial obstacles. The results show that older, larger, facing less competition and regulation burden, foreign owned, and affiliated firms report lower obstacles to finance. Second, better macro-fundamentals help to lessen the level of obstacles substantially. Third, the role of institutions in promoting firms’ inclusive finance is quite different to the role of financial development and economic growth. JEL classification: E02; G10; O16; P48

The Role of M-Government in Western China Development

2012 ◽  
pp. 364-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Schlæger
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Western China ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
Private Service ◽  
Government Organisation ◽  
China Development

This chapter explores the role of m-government in Western China development. Bureaucracy has been identified as a barrier for economic development in Western China. It is discussed how applications of m-government embedded in a larger reform agenda has reduced some of the growth stifling effects of bureaucracy. This chapter describes the content of ideas, institutions, and technologies of m-government to understand how fitting these levels has led to such an improvement in governance. Recommendations are made concerning continued emphasis on simple applications, rethinking government organisation, and increased discussion of the role of private service providers.

19. Latin America

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Oelsner ◽  
Mervyn Bain
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Institutional Challenges

This chapter examines the main features of the undemocratic regimes that were in power in Latin America from the late 1960s, along with the democratization processes that followed since the 1980s. The nature of the non-democratic governments varied throughout the region, and consequently the types of transition and the quality of the resulting democracy varied as well. The chapter focuses on four cases that reflect these differences: Argentina, Chile, Mexico, and Venezuela. For each country, the chapter reviews a number of dimensions that have been relevant in the democratization processes: the historical and international contexts, the role of economic factors, political culture and society, political parties and social movements, and the institutional challenges that still lie ahead.

The Role of Insurance in Social Protection in Latin America

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 43-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Titelman ◽  
Andras Uthoff
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Protection

Unis and Bna: the rôle of ‘Traditionalist’ parties in Niger, 1948–60

1975 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finn Fuglestad
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Party Leaders

The institutional framework imposed upon Niger in 1946, tended to function according to traditional political concepts, norms, notions and values. Hence the distinction established in this paper between ‘traditionalist’ (UNIS/BNA) and ‘modern’ political parties, refers to the degree of reliance upon this traditional culture and also to the degree to which party-leaders were able to manipulate the norms, notions, etc., of the traditional political systems, in order to gain influence within the new institutional framework. The French Administration, functioning largely as an indigenous chieftaincy, was to a certain extent forced to interfere in politics, since an electoral victory for a ‘modern’ political party (i.e. the évolués) would have to be interpreted—according to the logic of traditional political theory—as a loss of the ‘force’, ‘power’ or ‘luck’, without which the French could no longer be regarded as the legitimate rulers of Niger.If the French finally decided to collaborate with the évolués (and in the process disentangled themselves from the ‘chieftaincy-model’), it was because the évolués constituted the only group capable of grasping the intricate problems of economic development and of running a modern state.

scholarly journals Mutual Effects of Land Distribution and Economic Development: Evidence from Asia, Africa, and Latin America

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Azadi ◽  
Eric Vanhaute
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
The Political ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Land Inequality ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Different Dimensions

Land plays an important role in the economies of developing countries, and many theories connecting land inequality with different dimensions of economic development already exist. Even though efficacious land distribution allows societies to transition from poverty to a human capital-based developed economy, ongoing issues related to property rights, inequality, and the political economy of land distribution are unavoidable. The general objective of this paper is to explore the nexus between land distribution and economic development. The specific objectives are to: (i) identify which land distribution programs/activities contribute to economic development; (ii) investigate the role of stakeholders in land distribution programs that affect the growth of productivity; and (iii) assess the deficiencies of current land distribution policies in Asia, Africa, and Latin America to explore how economic development theories contribute to decreasing income inequality. This paper provides an overview of land distribution history and the main economic development theories. It also highlights the links between land distribution and the main elements of economic development. Finally, it provides a comparative review of the most recent empirical works regarding the characteristics, limitations, and potential (mutual) effects of land distribution and economic development settings on developing countries worldwide.

Government and Development: Managerial Attitudes in Latin America

1965 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Lauterbach
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Trade Associations ◽  
Private Initiative ◽  
Extensive Information

This paper is concerned with the attitudes of Latin American enterprise managers toward the role of government, as compared with that of private initiative and investment, in the economic development of the nation. Most of its data was obtained in the course of a broader investigation of managerial attitudes toward economic development, which was carried out in ten countries during the years 1959 to 1963. In addition to interviews, extensive information was obtained from informal conversations with businessmen, attendance at meetings of managerial groups, and the study of materials prepared by trade associations or individual companies.

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