Lexical Category and Alignment in Austronesian

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Argument Structure ◽  
Type Systems ◽  
Verb Morphology ◽  
Austronesian Language

Philippine-type languages are often cited as exemplifying a cross-linguistically unique voice system, in which verb morphology can select not only an agent or patient, but also locative, instrumental and other adjunct type relations as the nominative argument. In this paper, we examine three approaches to this typologically remarkable system: the ergative analysis, the case agreement analysis and the nominalization analysis, arguing for the latter based on strong parallels between verbal and nominal predication from the root level to the clause level. The morphologically symmetric nature of Philippine-type languages is argued to stem from their nominal roots. The historical development of verbal roots leads to a more fixed argument structure in which canonical ergative languages develop. Mamuju, an Austronesian language of West Sulawesi, Indonesia, is offered as an example of a classically ergative language, in contrast to Philippine-type systems.

Do grammatical relations reflect information status? Reassessing Preferred Argument Structure theory against discourse data from Tondano

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy C. Brickell ◽  
Stefan Schnell
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
Argument Structure ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Structure Theory ◽  
Final Position ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
Grammatical Relations ◽  
Information Status ◽  
Constituent Order ◽  
Corpus Data

AbstractWe test Preferred Argument Structure theory against corpus data from Tondano, an Austronesian language with symmetrical voice. Investigating the use of full noun phrases in individual argument positions, we find no significant clustering of both S and P as opposed to A, hence no discourse ergativity. Moreover, neither pivotal nor non-pivotal grammatical relations appear to specialise in the accommodation of full noun phrases. Thus, grammatical relations do not serve as architecture for regulating information flow in discourse. Only constituent order reflects information flow, so that full noun phrases tend to occur in clause-final position. More generally, correlations of humanness and topicality predict most straightforwardly attested patterns of argument realisation.

A quantitative approach to the development of complex predicates

Diachronica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hilpert ◽  
Christian Koops
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Argument Structure ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Complex Predicates ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
The Past ◽  
Grammatical Construction ◽  
Extended Duration

This paper traces the historical development of the Swedish Pseudo-Coordination construction with the posture verb sitta “sit”. In Swedish a small number of verbs, including posture verbs such as sitta, are used in coordination with another verb to convey that the described event has an extended duration or is in progress. Quantitative evidence from Swedish historical corpora suggests that the construction has, even after it established itself as a grammatical construction, undergone a number of gradual changes in the course of the past five centuries. As part of the Pseudo-Coordination construction, the verb sitta has changed its argument structure, and the entire construction has increased in syntactic cohesion.

scholarly journals Ekspresi Semantis Verba dan Pelibatan Argumen dalam Klausa Bahasa Bima

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Made Sri Satyawati ◽  
Ketut Widya Purnawati ◽  
I Nyoman Kardana
Keyword(s):  
Structure Data ◽  
Argument Structure ◽  
Functional Structure ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Semantic Meaning ◽  
Constituent Structure ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Observation Method

Bimanese language is an Austronesian, Malayo Polinesian Language (Arafik 2005). In 1986, Jonker conducted a research on this language. His reseach focused on sintactic structure of the language. Jonker’s analisis (1896) looked similar with Owens’ analisis (2000) that stated there are two common features of the Bimanese as one of the Austronesian language, they are affixing and compounding. With the base features, Owens considered that Bimanese at least has one of the features or even both features as well. His work focused on verb expression and bound arguments in Bimanese clauses. The two problems were analyzed based on Functional Lexical Grammar theory proposed by Kroeger (2005). The theory contains three sintactic aspects, such as functional structure, constituent structure, and argument structure. Data were collected through elicitation and observation method. Elicitation was applied to obtain spoken data while observation method was used to collect written data from texts. Both methods were supported by note taking technique and recording. The collected data were analyzed by substitution and immediate constituent technique. The result shows that Bimanese verbs can express their arguments syntactically by using verb semantic meaning and preposition like labo, kai, wea, and ba-. It was also found that the obligatory arguments in a clause are generally marked with the four markers. 

Coding choices in argument structure

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Donohue
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Semantic Role ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
Applicative Constructions ◽  
Coding Strategy ◽  
Syntactic Properties ◽  
Large Corpus

The syntactic properties of applicatives have received a large amount of attention. Despite this there have been almost no attempts to explain the reasons behind the choice of an applicative coding of an argument when there is an grammatical oblique coding strategy available. This study focuses on dynamic applicative constructions in Tukang Besi, an Austronesian language of central Indonesia, and examines a large corpus for reasons why applicative coding is chosen over oblique coding. Factors such as semantic role information and animacy are as important as textual prominence in the coding decision.

scholarly journals A Morphosyntactic Analysis of Isamal Ergatives: Movement in Ergative Structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-82
Author(s):  
Rodney Jubilado
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Minimalist Program ◽  
Lexical Information ◽  
Verb Morphology ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Dominant Language ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
Morphosyntactic Analysis

Isamal is an Austronesian language spoken by around 8,000 indigenous people of Samal Island, Mindanao, Philippines. Fieldwork has shown that every speaker of Isamal is bilingual in Cebuano, the most dominant language in the island with a population of 104,123 according to Philippine Census (2015). This paper deals with the morphosyntax of Isamal ergatives, and analysis is made using the Minimalist Program with focus on the movement of elements in the structure. Verb morphology is given a description to lend a hand in the analytical scrutiny of the projections of the lexical information encoded in the argument and thematic structures of the verbs. Like all ergatives, Isamal ergatives have only one argument, that is, the theme-DP. There are three primary syntactic structures that are analyzed in this paper, namely, VP, TP, and CP. With the employment of the Minimalist Program for analysis, movement in the ergative structures shows that verbs, arguments and adjuncts can move.

Light Dramaturgy as an Element of an Integrated Approach to the Creation of Museum Expositions and Exhibition Projects

2019 ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
Nicolay R. Vorobyov
Keyword(s):  
Final Stage ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Scientific Concepts ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Artistic Styles ◽  
The Creation

Architectural and artistic construction of museum is one of the most complex genres in environment development and design, with its inherent qualities, means of expressiveness, principles of environment and image development, scientific concepts, in the context of historical development, artistic styles and trends. The author of the article considers the artistic lighting design in isolation from the integral dramaturgy of the project to be deeply flawed, and the setting of accent lighting at the final stage Ц to be simple, but not outstanding. Based on extensive hands-on experience in the construction of museum expositions, the author of the article reveals some peculiarities, especially significant to the participants of the lighting system setting for museums and other cultural facilities.

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