scholarly journals Ekspresi Semantis Verba dan Pelibatan Argumen dalam Klausa Bahasa Bima

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Made Sri Satyawati ◽  
Ketut Widya Purnawati ◽  
I Nyoman Kardana
Keyword(s):  
Structure Data ◽  
Argument Structure ◽  
Functional Structure ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Semantic Meaning ◽  
Constituent Structure ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Observation Method

Bimanese language is an Austronesian, Malayo Polinesian Language (Arafik 2005). In 1986, Jonker conducted a research on this language. His reseach focused on sintactic structure of the language. Jonker’s analisis (1896) looked similar with Owens’ analisis (2000) that stated there are two common features of the Bimanese as one of the Austronesian language, they are affixing and compounding. With the base features, Owens considered that Bimanese at least has one of the features or even both features as well. His work focused on verb expression and bound arguments in Bimanese clauses. The two problems were analyzed based on Functional Lexical Grammar theory proposed by Kroeger (2005). The theory contains three sintactic aspects, such as functional structure, constituent structure, and argument structure. Data were collected through elicitation and observation method. Elicitation was applied to obtain spoken data while observation method was used to collect written data from texts. Both methods were supported by note taking technique and recording. The collected data were analyzed by substitution and immediate constituent technique. The result shows that Bimanese verbs can express their arguments syntactically by using verb semantic meaning and preposition like labo, kai, wea, and ba-. It was also found that the obligatory arguments in a clause are generally marked with the four markers. 

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Kaplan ◽  
Joan Bresnan
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Functional Structure ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Prosodic Structure ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Constituent Structure ◽  
Lexical Functional Grammar ◽  
Linguistic System

Modular design of grammar: Linguistics on the edge presents the cutting edge of research on linguistic modules and interfaces in Lexical-Functional Grammar (LFG). LFG has a highly modular design that models the linguistic system as a set of discreet submodules that include, among others, constituent structure, functional structure, argument structure, semantic structure, and prosodic structure, with each module having its coherent properties and being related to each other by correspondence functions. The contributions in this volume represent the broad range and interconnection of theoretical, formal, and descriptive considerations that continues to be the hallmark of LFG.

scholarly journals FUNGSI ADJEKTIVA KOMPARATIF DALAM BAHASA MADURA DIALEK KANGEAN DAN DAMPAKNYA BAGI MASYARAKAT KANGEAN: KAJIAN PRAGMATIK [The Function of Comparative Adjectives in Kangean Dialect of Madurese Language and its Impact]

TOTOBUANG ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-271
Author(s):  
Mutaallim Hafidz ◽  
Fahmi Reza Alfani ◽  
La Mahidin ◽  
Yuana Dwi Agustin ◽  
Damon Wicaksi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Field Note ◽  
Distributional Method ◽  
Written Form ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Comparative Adjectives ◽  
Participatory Observation

Comparative adjectives of Kangean Dialect of Madurese Language (KDML) are the basic adjectives that has A+D+(-an) stucture or lebbi. This study explored the function of comparative adjectives in KDML and its impact for the Kangean community. The theories used to explore and determine the comparative adjective function are descriptive and pragmatic theories. The research is a qualitative research. The method used in this research is the participatory observation method. The data were obtained from interviews with the dialect speakers by voice recording and field note-taking. Besides, researchers used the introspectiveve method (reflective-introspection method). The data that has been collected were transcribed into written form of orthographic transcription, then translated and classified according to its function. The method applied for analyzing the data are equivalent and distributional method. Meanwhile, the methods used for displaying the results of data analysis are informal and formal steps. The results showed that in KDML, there are several functions of comparative adjectives, namely to motivate, praise, admonish, command, insinuate, advise, criticize and accuse. Meanwhile, the impact of adjective utterances, people become more optimistic, comfortable, easy to appreciate, entertained, strong, cautious, deterred, and humble. Adjektiva komparatif bahasa Madura dialek Kangean (BMDK) merupakan adjektiva dasar yang memiliki struktur A+D+(-an) atau lebbi. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi fungsi adjektiva komparatif dalam BMDK dan dampaknya bagi komunitas Kangean. Teori yang digunakan untuk menggali dan menentukan fungsi adjektiva komparatif adalah teori deskriptif dan pragmatik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode observasi partisipatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan penutur dialek Kangean melalui rekaman dan catatan lapangan. Selain itu, peneliti menggunakan metode introspektif (metode reflektif-introspekturis). Data yang sudah terkumpul ditranskrip ke dalam bentuk tulisan dengan transkripsi ortografis, kemudian diterjemahkan dan diklasifikasikan sesuai fungsinya. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data adalah metode ekuivalen dan metode agih dan metode yang digunakan untuk menampilkan hasil analisis data adalah langkah-langkah formal dan nonformal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam BMDK terdapat beberapa fungsi adjektiva komparatif yakni untuk memotivasi, memuji, menegur, memerintah, menyindir, menasihati, mencela dan menuduh. Sedangkan dampaknya adalah masyarakat lebih optimis, peka, mudah menghargai, terhibur, kuat, berhati-hati, jera, dan rendah diri.   

scholarly journals Perbandingan Adverbia Issou, Nao, dan Sara ni dalam Bahasa Jepang

KIRYOKU ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Made Henra Dwikarmawan Sudipa
Keyword(s):  
Note Taking ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Meaning Theory ◽  
Contextual Meaning

This research aims to analyze the meaning of issou, nao, and sara ni. These three words are Japanese adverbs which having the same lexical meaning ‘furthermore’, but contextually the meanings are different. The data were collected from article posted on website asahi.com by observation method and note-taking techniques. They were analyzed using distribution method with expansion techniques. The meanings of these three adverbs were analyzed using contextual meaning theory by Pateda (2001) The results show that issou, nao, and sara ni have the same meaning that is 'something more than before’. The difference is on the spesific context. Nao can be used to indicates a state that still continuing until now without any much improvement. Sara ni. Can be used to indicates addition of something that already sufficient.

scholarly journals The Lexical and Phonetical Features of The Tengger Dialect of Javanese

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Sri - Andayani
Keyword(s):  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Local Languages

Probolinggo, East Java is an area of Pandalungan. Culturally, the area has the mixing of Javanese and Madurese cultures, so as the local languages that are used by the society. Most of Probolinggo people master Javanese as well as Madurese language. Besides, there is one more dialect developing in Probolinggo, that is Tengger dialectdialect. It is used by the Tengger society in Tengger Mountainuos region around Mount Bromo. The Javanese that is used by the Tengger society is different from the Javanese of Probolinggo or even the standard Javanese. The significant difference is in the pronunciation of the vowel. It tends to have the features of the Old Javanese. By doing Comparative Historical Linguistics study, the features of Tengger dialect compared to the Modern and Old Javanese. The qualitative descriptive study uses an observation method to collect the data. Then, they are analyzed by the distributional and identity methods. It indicates that the distribution and development of Javanese as a part of Austronesian language family is not merely innovatively. It can be relix likewise. The Tengger dialect phonetical and lexical features tends to be similar to the Old Javanese feature, not the modern ones as the innovative Javanese.

scholarly journals STRUKTUR SEMANTIS VERBA ‘NAIK’ DALAM BAHASA JEPANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Made Henra Dwikarmawan Sudipa ◽  
I Ketut Darma Laksana ◽  
I Made Rajeg
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Language ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Newspaper Article ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Observation Method

This article focuses in analyzing the semantic structure of ‘go up’ verb in Japanese language. The data was collected from newspaper article from website asahi.com by observation method and note-taking techniques. The data was analyzed using distribution method. Distribution method was used to analyze semantic structure by using Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) theory developed by Goddard and Wierzbicka (2014). The results shows that ‘go up’ verb in Japanese Language consists of verb noru, noboru, and agaru. Each verb had distinctive features that differentiate one verb to the others.  

Systematic mismatches: Coordination and subordination at three levels of grammar

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLEG BELYAEV
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Functional Structure ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Constituent Structure ◽  
Lexical Functional Grammar ◽  
Semantic Difference ◽  
Discourse Relations ◽  
Clause Combining

In this paper, I analyze two clause combining strategies in Ossetic that exhibit mixed properties between coordination and subordination. I argue that the ‘mismatch approach’ proposed by Culicover & Jackendoff (1997) and Yuasa & Sadock (2002) is best suited to account for their properties. However, in order to adequately describe the behavior of these constructions in terms of the mismatch approach, appealing to three levels of grammar is required instead of two levels (syntax and semantics) discussed in previous works. This provides a clear argument in favor of models of grammar such as Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG), where the syntactic level is split between constituent structure (c-structure) and functional structure (f-structure). The properties of semantic coordination and subordination that have been proposed in earlier work mostly belong to the level of f-structure, and not semantics proper. I argue that the only substantial semantic difference between coordination and adverbial subordination is that the former introduces discourse relations between speech acts, while the latter introduces asserted predicates that link two propositions within the same speech act. I provide definitions of coordination and subordination at all the three levels of grammar formalized in terms of the LFG framework, and discuss the tests that can be used for each of these levels.

scholarly journals SERIAL VERB CONSTRUCTIONS IN SASAK LANGUAGE OF MENO-MENE DIALECT: A TYPOLOGY AND LFG APPROACH

SOLID ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Sartika Hijriati
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Functional Structure ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Motion Direction ◽  
Constituent Structure ◽  
Serial Verb Constructions ◽  
Lexical Functional Grammar ◽  
Verb Constructions ◽  
Serial Verb ◽  
Semantic Types

ABSTRACTThis paper aims to analyze the semantic types, the characteristics, and the constituent structure and functional structure of Sasak serial verb constructions. The theory of Typology and Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) were used to analyze the data. The data in this research were taken from the uttarances of speakers of meno-mene dialect of Sasak. This study is designed as a descriptive qualitative research. The data were collected through observation, interview, and reflective-introspective methods with recording and elicitation techniques. The results show that Sasak serial verb constructions have ten semantic types, which are motion, direction, instrument, comitative, manner, aspect and mood, benefactive, causative, cause-effect, and synonym. Based on the phonological, morphological and syntactical characteristics, Sasak serial verb constructions have the following characteristics: (1) They fall under one intonation contour, 2) They form mono-clause as a single predicate, 3) They have verb markers that occur only on one verb or each verb obtains the same marker, 4) They share aspect, mood, negation, and 5) They share the same arguments. The analysis of constituent structure and functional structure shows that Sasak serial verb constructions have V-V stucture, and X-COMP or X-ADJ structure.Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tipe-tipe semantik, ciri-ciri, dan struktur konstituen dan struktur fungsional pada konstruksi verba serial Bahasa Sasak. Teori yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data adalah teori tipologi dan tata bahasa leksikal fungsional. Penelitian ini dirancang sebagai penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan introspektif-reflektif dengan teknik rekam dan pancing. Hasil analisis menunjukkan konstruksi verba serial bahasa Sasak memiliki sepuluh tipe semantik untuk menunjukkan gerakan, arah, instrumen, komitatif, kecaraan, aspek dan modal, benefaktif, kausatif, sebab-akibat, dan sinonim. Berdasarkan ciri-ciri fonologis, morfologis dan sintaksis, verba serial Bahasa Sasak memiliki ciri: 1) konstruksi verba serial Bahasa Sasak dilafalkan dalam satu intonasi, 2) konstruksi verba serial Bahasa Sasak ialah monoklausa dan berperilaku sebagai predikat tunggal, 3) pemarkah verba serial Bahasa Sasak pada salah satu atau tiap-tiap verba dengan pemarkah yang sama, 4) verba serial Bahasa Sasak berbagi aspek, modal dan negasi, dan 5) verba serial Bahasa Sasak berbagi argumen dalam konstruksinya. Analisis terhadap struktur konstituen dan struktur fungsional menunjukkan verba serial bahasa Sasak memiliki stuktur V-V dan struktur X-KOMP atau X-ADJ.Keywords: serial verb constructions, Sasak, typology, Lexical Functional Grammar

scholarly journals TINDAK TUTUR IMPERATIF (KALĀM AL-AMR) DALAM TEKS DRAMA A’S-SULTHĀN AL-CHĀˈIR KARYA TAUFIQ AL-CHAKIM (ANALISIS PRAGMATIK)

Jurnal CMES ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Jamil Aulia, Arifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Distributional Method ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Equivalent Method

This study discusses the imperative speech acts markers and their functions in a drama entitled a’s-Sulthān al-Chāˈir a work by Taufiq Al-Chakim. This study aimed at identifying the imperative speech acts markers and explaining the functions of those imperative speech acts in a’s-Sulthān al-Chāˈir drama. This study is a typical qualitative research. The method of data collection in this study used the attentive observation method followed by the basic tapping and advanced note-taking techniques. The data in this study are clauses or sentences which realize the imperative speech acts. The method applied in analyzing the data is the distributional method which technically followed by the technique of direct elements and the pragmatic equivalent method. Having analyzed 208 data which constitute of 220 sentences, the results are as follow: (1) the imperative speech acts in a’s-Sulthān al-Chāˈir drama a work by Taufiq Al-Chakim were realized in standard and non-standard markers, with more standard markers than non-standard markers. The standard markers were realized by the fi’l al-amr marker as many as 186 words, ism fi’l al-amr as many as 41 words (typical repetition), mashdar which represents fi’l al-amr as many as 25 words, and fi’l al-mudhāri’ which are attached to the particle lām al-amr as many as 16 words. The non-standard markers are realized with declarative sentences or kalām al-khabar as many as 7 sentences and the interrogative sentences or istifhām as many as 4 sentences. (2) the imperative speech acts in a’s-Sulthān al-Chāˈir drama a work by Taufiq Al-Chakim has various functions among others for commanding as many as 100 sentences, inviting or offering were found as many as 60 sentences, requesting as many as 34 sentences, advising as many as 14 sentences, threatening of 7 sentences, weakening as many as 2 sentences, allowing as many as 2 sentences, and giving a choice was found 1 sentence.

scholarly journals PROSES TRANSFORMASI KALIMAT MAJEMUK SUBORDINATIF BAHASA JERMAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Abd Kasim Achmad
Keyword(s):  
Data Sources ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Transformation Rules ◽  
Distributional Method ◽  
Observation Method

This research aimed to describe the process of transformation on german subordinate compound sentences. The method used in this research was descriptive. The data  sources were the subordinate compound sentences contained within the Deutschland magazine in editions of 2005-2010. The samples were 6 sentences. The data were collected through an observation method with note taking technique. Data were analyzed using the distributional method. The results show that the transforming process of the german subordinate compound sentences consisted of obligatory transformation rules namely  addition (subordinate conjunction and coma), permutation (verb)  and substitution (pronominalisation).

scholarly journals Analisis Tindak Tutur Ilokusi pada Vlog Jangan Lupa Senyum Part 1 di Kanal Youtube Fiersa Besari

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lana Rahmasari ◽  
Asep Purwo Yudi Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Illocutionary Acts ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Descriptive Method

An illocutionary act is a speech act that is usually identified by explicit performative sentences. The research on illocutionary acts in vlogs is an action that shows the meaning of speech during communication. This study aims to describe illocutionary acts on Fiersa Besari's vlog YouTube channel Jangan Lupa Senyum Part 1 along with its speech function. The method used in this research is the descriptive method. The form of research used here is qualitative research. The data source in this study is the vlog Jangan Lupa Senyum Part 1 on the Fiersa Besari YouTube channel. The data in this study are transcripts of conversations between characters in vlogs. Data collection techniques in research using the observation method and note-taking techniques. The findings in the research in this vlog were only 15 utterances of illocutionary speech acts. From the 15 utterances, 7 data on assertive illocutionary acts, 2 directive illocutionary acts, and 7 expressive illocutionary acts. From this research, it is expected that we can understand the function of illocutionary acts that are relevant to everyday life

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