Effect of Undercutting on Loblolly Pine Seedling Size and Its Relation to Root Growth Potential

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Feret ◽  
Richard E. Kreh
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Growth Potential ◽  
Seedling Size ◽  
Seedling Physiology ◽  
Shoot Weight

Abstract Loblolly pine seedlings undercut using five different treatments extending from July to September exhibited significant alteration of shoot and root biomass. Root growth potential (RGP) (measured by number of new elongating roots) was not significantly altered by undercutting. Undercutting did significantly alter the RGP/root weight ratio and the RGP/shoot weight ratio because of both concomitant changes in root and shoot biomass and changes in seedling physiology. Root growth potential and efficiency of existing old roots to produce new roots were not well correlated with seedling size.

Root Stripping Reduces Root Growth Potential Of Loblolly Pine Seedlings

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. South ◽  
Nancy J. Stumpff
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Growth Potential ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Root Apices

Abstract Stripping short roots from individual loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings was accomplished by pulling the root system through a closed fist either 1, 2, or 4 times. The root growth potential (RGP) of the seedlings was directly related to the intensity of stripping. One stripping removed approximately 2% of the total root weight, yet reduced the number of root apices by 22% and caused a 47% reduction in RGP. Four strippings removed approximately 11% of the root weight, reduced the root/shoot ratio by about 9% and resulted in a 69% reduction in RGP. Although stripping of roots reduced both shoot and root growth, the relative effect on new shoot growth was not as great as with new root growth. Root stripping effectively eliminated any correlation between seedling diameter and RGP. South. J. Appl. For. 14(4):196-199.

Effect of bud status and seedling biomass on root growth potential of loblolly pine

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1635-1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans M. Williams ◽  
David B. South ◽  
Glenn R. Glover
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Root Growth Potential ◽  
Seedling Size ◽  
Covariate Analysis ◽  
Terminal Bud ◽  
Terminal Buds

Container-grown seedlings of Pinustaeda L. with well-formed terminal buds, feather-tops (a succulent shoot tip crowned with a tuft of primary needles), and terminal buds removed (debudded) were sampled in November, December, and January. Root growth potential for unstored and stored seedlings was measured to determine if it is affected by shoot tip morphology. Seedlings with buds or debudded seedlings had higher root growth potential than feather-top seedlings. Root growth potential was correlated with several morphological variables, including total ovendry weight (r = 0.81). As feather-top seedlings were smaller in diameter and biomass, a covariate analysis (using seedling dry weight as a covariate) was conducted. The covariate analysis indicated that differences in root growth potential between shoot types could be accounted for by differences in seedling size. The percentage of seedlings resuming growth and the total amount of new shoot growth during the test of root growth potential showed that feather-top seedlings and seedlings with terminal buds respond similarly to chilling temperatures. These results indicate that seedling size is more important than the presence of a well-formed terminal bud when seedlings are graded before outplanting.

Seed spacing and seedling biomass: Effect on root growth potential of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda)

New Forests ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. South ◽  
Harry S. Larsen ◽  
James N. Boyer ◽  
Hans M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Root Growth Potential ◽  
Seedling Biomass ◽  
Seed Spacing

scholarly journals Fertilizer, Irrigation and Root Ball Slicing Affects Burford Holly Growth after Planting

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward F. Gilman ◽  
Thomas H. Yeager ◽  
Diane Weigle
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Ilex Cornuta ◽  
Shoot Weight

Abstract Dwarf burford holly (Ilex cornuta ‘Burfordii Nana’) fertilized with 22.1 g N/container/yr of nitrogen during production in the nursery generated more new shoot weight but less root weight after transplanting to a landscape than those receiving 14.8 g N/container/yr. Slicing the root ball at planting, compared to not slicing, resulted in comparable regenerated root weight but reduced new shoot number, new shoot dry weight and new shoot:regenerated root dry weight ratio when irrigation was not applied daily after transplanting. Although irrigation frequency did not impact total weight of regenerated roots into landscape soil, more roots grew from the bottom half of the root ball when plants were irrigated periodically after planting than when plants received daily irrigation. Plants irrigated other than daily produced fewer shoots and less shoot weight than those receiving irrigation daily after transplanting. When plants were without irrigation for 4 or 6 days in the first week after transplanting, those planted without the nursery container on the root ball were more stressed (more negative xylem potential) than those planted with the container still on the root ball. However, two weeks later, plants without the nursery container were less stressed due to root growth into landscape soil.

Foliar Nitrogen Content at Lifting Correlates with Early Growth of Loblolly Pine Seedlings from 20 Nurseries

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry S. Larsen ◽  
David B. South ◽  
James N. Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Growth Potential ◽  
Foliar Nitrogen ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Abstract Height growth of outplanted loblolly pine seedlings was monitored over a 3-year period. Growth of seedlings from 20 nurseries was correlated with initial seedling characteristics from paired samples. Height growth during the first 6 months after planting was negatively correlated with the initial seedling height and shoot/root ratio and was positively correlated with root growth potential (RGP) and root weight. However, these variables were not significantly correlated with later growth. Foliar nitrogen content (mg of foliar nitrogen per seedling) was positively correlated with both initial and subsequent field growth. Foliar nitrogen content was the only variable that was significantly correlated with diameter growth and volume growth during the third year after planting. This variable accounted for 36% of the variation among sample means for 3-year height growth. These data support a previous report that field performance of loblolly pine seedlings during the first 3 years in the field can be influenced by the foliar nitrogen content at lifting. South. J. Appl. For. 12(3):181-185.

Changes in loblolly pine root growth potential from September to April

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 635-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. DeWald ◽  
Peter P. Feret
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Root Growth Potential ◽  
Shoot Phenology

Loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) 1 + 0 seedlings were periodically hand lifted from a Virginia nursery to determine how root growth potential (RGP) varied between September and April. Several seedling characteristics, RGP, and shoot phenology were recorded for each lift date in 1983–1984 and 1984–1985. An attempt was made to relate RGP variation to changes in the nursery environment and to shoot phenology. Root growth potential variation was consistent between years and was more closely related to shoot phenological changes than to short-term environmental changes. During the development of dormancy, RGP was low, RGP increased when shoot activity resumed during the RGP tests (late winter, early spring), and declined as active shoot elongation began in the nursery. When RGP was low, elongation of existing lateral roots primarily contributed to the new root systems, but as seedling metabolism increased in the late winter, new root initiation also contributed to new root systems. Absolute differences in RGP between years may be related to the fibrosity of seedling root systems.

scholarly journals Fertilizer, Irrigation, and Root Ball Slicing Affects Shrub Growth after Planting

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 605e-605
Author(s):  
Edward F. Gilman ◽  
Thomas H. Yeager ◽  
Diane Weigle
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Ilex Cornuta ◽  
Shoot Weight

Dwarf burford holly (Ilex cornuta `Burfordii Nana') fertilized with N at 22.1 g per container yearly during production in the nursery generated more new shoot weight but less root weight after transplanting to a landscape than those receiving N at 14.8 g per container yearly. Slicing the root ball at planting, compared to not slicing, resulted in comparable regenerated root weight but reduced new shoot number, new shoot dry weight, and new shoot:regenerated root dry-weight ratio when irrigation was not applied daily after transplanting. Although irrigation frequency did not impact total weight of regenerated roots into landscape soil, more roots grew from the bottom half of the root ball when plants were irrigated periodically after planting than when plants received daily irrigation. Plants irrigated other than daily produced fewer shoots and less shoot weight than those receiving irrigation daily after transplanting. When plants were without irrigation for 4 or 6 days in the first week after transplanting, those planted without the nursery container on the root ball were more stressed (more negative xylem potential) than those planted with the container still on the root ball. However, 2 weeks later, plants without the nursery container were less stressed due to root growth into landscape soil.

Effects of Air Drying on Survival, Height, and Root Growth Potential of Loblolly Pine Seedlings

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Feret ◽  
Richard E. Kreh ◽  
Carolyn Mulligan
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
First Year ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Root Growth Potential ◽  
Air Drying

Abstract Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) seedlings were dried by exposure to ambient conditions and their subsequent quality evaluated for both field performance and root-growth potential. Seedling survival after one growing season was diminished 6.9% and first-year height growth 17% for each 10 minutes of exposure out-doors. Root-growth potential was significantly diminished by air drying with the half-life of a seedling ranging from 15 to 35 minutes depending on ambient conditions. A strong relationship between field performance and root-growth potential was shown. Results support earlier research concluding that seedling desiccation must be avoided if seedling quality is to be maintained at the planting site.1

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