scholarly journals Sleep stage dynamics in young patients with sleep bruxism

SLEEP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akifumi Kishi ◽  
Shingo Haraki ◽  
Risa Toyota ◽  
Yuki Shiraishi ◽  
Mayo Kamimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Sleep Stage ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Sleep Bruxism ◽  
Survival Curves ◽  
Rhythmic Masticatory Muscle Activity ◽  
Rem Latency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fragmentation Probability ◽  
Stage Transition

Abstract Study Objectives We hypothesized that sleep stage dynamics are different in patients with sleep bruxism (SB) and that these changes are associated with the occurrence of rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA). Methods Fifteen healthy controls and 15 patients with SB underwent overnight polysomnography. Sleep variables and survival curves of continuous runs of each sleep stage were compared between the groups. Stage transition dynamics and the probability of stage fragmentation were analyzed for three epochs before and after the epoch with RMMA. Survival curves of continuous runs of each sleep stage, terminated with or without RMMA, were also compared. Results There were no significant differences in sleep variables between the groups, except for shorter sleep latency, shorter rapid eye movement (REM) latency, and longer total N1 duration in SB patients than in controls. REM sleep and N2 were significantly less continuous in SB patients than in controls. In the SB group, stage fragmentation probability was significantly increased for the epoch with RMMA compared with the baseline for all stages. Meanwhile, the occurrence of RMMA did not affect the continuity of N2 or REM; however, the occurrence of RMMA was preceded by more continuous N3 runs. Conclusions Sleep stage dynamics differed between SB patients and controls. RMMA does not result in sleep disruption but is likely associated with dissipation of sleep pressure. Less continuity of REM sleep in SB may provide insights into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of SB, which may be related to REM sleep processes such as cortical desynchronized states or brainstem activation.

scholarly journals Impact of sound stimulation during different sleep stages in patients with tinnitus

Loquens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 053
Author(s):  
Marisa Pedemonte ◽  
Marcela Díaz ◽  
Eduardo Medina-Ferret ◽  
Martín Testa
Keyword(s):  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Sleep Stage ◽  
Sleep Stages ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Sound Stimulation ◽  
Paired Student ◽  
Before And After

It is known that auditory information is continuously processed both during wakefulness and sleep. Consistently, it has been shown that sound stimulation mimicking tinnitus during sleep decreases the intensity of tinnitus and improves the patients’ quality of life. The mechanisms underlying this effect are not known. To begin to address this question, eleven patients suffering from tinnitus were stimulated with sound mimicking tinnitus at different sleep stages; 4 were stimulated in N2, 4 in stage N3 (slow waves sleep) and 3 in REM sleep (stage with Rapid Eyes Movements). Patients’ sleep stage was monitored through polysomnography, for sound stimulation application. Tinnitus level reported by subjects were compared the days before and after stimulation and statistically analyzed (paired Student t test). All patients stimulated at stage N2 reported significantly lower tinnitus intensity the day after stimulation, while none stimulated during stage N3 and only one out of three stimulated during REM sleep showed changes. These results are consistent with studies showing that sound stimulation during N2 (sleep stage with spindles) changes power spectrum and coherence of electroencephalographic signals, and suggest that the N2 sleep stage is a critical period for reducing tinnitus intensity using this therapeutic strategy, during which auditory processing networks are more malleable by sound stimulation.

scholarly journals 0746 Dynamics of Sleep Stage Transitions in Patients with Narcolepsy and Other Hypersomnias

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A283-A284
Author(s):  
A Kishi ◽  
T Kitajima ◽  
R Kawai ◽  
M Hirose ◽  
N Iwata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Sleep Stage ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Stages ◽  
Subsequent Stage ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Survival Curves ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
Sleep Transition

Abstract Introduction Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and abnormal REM sleep phenomena. Narcolepsy can be distinguished into type 1 (NT1; with cataplexy) and type 2 (NT2; without cataplexy). It has been reported that sleep stage sequences at sleep-onset as well as sleep-wake dynamics across the night may be useful in the differential diagnosis of hypersomnia. Here we studied dynamic features of sleep stage transitions during whole night sleep in patients with NT1, NT2, and other types of hypersomnia (o-HS). Methods Twenty patients with NT1, 14 patients with NT2, and 35 patients with o-HS underwent overnight PSG. Transition probabilities between sleep stages (wake, N1, N2, N3, and REM) and survival curves of continuous runs of each sleep stage were compared between groups. Transition-specific survival curves of continuous runs of each sleep stage, dependent on the subsequent stage of the transition, were also compared. Results The probability of transitions from N1-to-wake was significantly greater in NT1 than in NT2 and o-HS while that from N1-to-N2 was significantly smaller in NT1 than in NT2 and o-HS. The probability of transitions from N2-to-REM was significantly smaller in NT1 than in o-HS. Wake and N1 were significantly more continuous in NT1 than in NT2; specifically, N1 followed by N2 was significantly more continuous in NT1 than in NT2 and o-HS. N2 was significantly less continuous in NT1 and NT2 than in o-HS; this was specifically confirmed for N2 followed by N1/wake. REM sleep was significantly less continuous in NT1 than in NT2 and o-HS; specifically, REM sleep followed by wake was significantly less continuous in NT1 than in o-HS. Continuity of N3 did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusion Dynamics of sleep stage transitions differed between NT1, NT2, and o-HS. Dynamic features of sleep such as sleep instability, persistency of wake/N1, and REM fragmentation may differentiate NT1 from NT2, while N2 continuity may differentiate narcolepsy from o-HS. The results suggest that sleep transition analysis may be of clinical utility and provide insights into the underlying pathophysiology of hypersomnia and narcolepsy. Support JSPS KAKENHI (18K17891 to AK).

Evidence that Experimentally Induced Sleep Bruxism is a Consequence of Transient Arousal

2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kato ◽  
J.Y. Montplaisir ◽  
F. Guitard ◽  
B.J. Sessle ◽  
J.P. Lund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Sleep Bruxism ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Tooth Grinding ◽  
Rhythmic Masticatory Muscle Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Polygraphic Recordings ◽  
Normal Controls

Spontaneous rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) during sleep occurs more frequently following spontaneous transient micro-arousal in patients with sleep bruxism (SB) and normal controls. Here, we tested the hypothesis that an experimental arousal would be followed by an increase in RMMA. We identified RMMA on polygraphic recordings taken before and after sensory stimulation to induce experimental arousal in eight SB patients and eight matched normal subjects. The rate of experimental arousal and the level of resting electromyographic activity in masseter and suprahyoid muscles during sleep did not differ between the groups. In both, muscle tone and heart rate increased during the experimental arousal. Although post-arousal RMMA occurred in all SB patients, it was seen in only one normal subject. Moreover, tooth-grinding occurred during 71% of the evoked RMMA in SB patients. These results support the hypothesis that SB is an exaggerated form of oromotor activity associated with sleep micro-arousal.

Relationships between cortical, cardiac, and arousal-motor activities in the genesis of rhythmic masticatory muscle activity across sleep cycles in primary sleep bruxism children

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Shiraishi ◽  
Masaya Tachibana ◽  
Ai Shirota ◽  
Ikuko Mohri ◽  
Masako Taniike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Sleep Bruxism ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Masticatory Muscle ◽  
Rhythmic Masticatory Muscle Activity ◽  
Motor Activities ◽  
Cyclic Changes ◽  
Masticatory Muscle Activity ◽  
Sleep Cycles

Abstract Study Objectives The present study aimed to clarify the physiological relationships between rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) and cyclic changes in cortical, autonomic, and arousal-motor activities during sleep in sleep bruxism (SB) children. Methods Polysomnographic recordings were performed on fifteen SB children (9 boys, 6 girls, 10.3 ± 2.5 years) and eighteen control children (5 boys, 13 girls, 10.7 ± 3.1 years) free from sleep and developmental disorders. Sleep and RMMA were scored by the standard rules. Sleep cycle was divided into NREM and REM sleep segments and the frequency of RMMA, transient arousal and movement, and cortical and cardiac activities were then quantitatively analyzed in relation to sleep cycles. Results Neither sleep architecture nor sleep stage distribution of RMMA significantly differed between two groups. In sleep cycles, SB children showed more frequent RMMA in all segments than controls, while cyclic changes in cortical and autonomic activities did not significantly differ between two groups. In SB children, RMMA was the most frequent in the last NREM segment before REM sleep and was associated with increases in cortical beta activity and arousal; more than 70% of RMMA time-dependently occurred with cortical and motor arousals. Conclusions This is the first study to suggest that the potentiation of RMMA occurrence was associated with transient arousal under cyclic sleep processes in primary SB children.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Fitbit Wristbands in Measuring Sleep Stage Transitions and the Effect of User-Specific Factors (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zilu Liang ◽  
Mario Alberto Chapa-Martell
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Sleep Stage ◽  
Sleep Stages ◽  
Deep Sleep ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Stage Transition ◽  
Light Sleep

BACKGROUND It has become possible for the new generation of consumer wristbands to classify sleep stages based on multisensory data. Several studies have validated the accuracy of one of the latest models, that is, Fitbit Charge 2, in measuring polysomnographic parameters, including total sleep time, wake time, sleep efficiency (SE), and the ratio of each sleep stage. Nevertheless, its accuracy in measuring sleep stage transitions remains unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the accuracy of Fitbit Charge 2 in measuring transition probabilities among wake, light sleep, deep sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep under free-living conditions. The secondary goal was to investigate the effect of user-specific factors, including demographic information and sleep pattern on measurement accuracy. METHODS A Fitbit Charge 2 and a medical device were used concurrently to measure a whole night’s sleep in participants’ homes. Sleep stage transition probabilities were derived from sleep hypnograms. Measurement errors were obtained by comparing the data obtained by Fitbit with those obtained by the medical device. Paired 2-tailed t test and Bland-Altman plots were used to examine the agreement of Fitbit to the medical device. Wilcoxon signed–rank test was performed to investigate the effect of user-specific factors. RESULTS Sleep data were collected from 23 participants. Sleep stage transition probabilities measured by Fitbit Charge 2 significantly deviated from those measured by the medical device, except for the transition probability from deep sleep to wake, from light sleep to REM sleep, and the probability of staying in REM sleep. Bland-Altman plots demonstrated that systematic bias ranged from 0% to 60%. Fitbit had the tendency of overestimating the probability of staying in a sleep stage while underestimating the probability of transiting to another stage. SE>90% (P=.047) was associated with significant increase in measurement error. Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI)<5 and wake after sleep onset (WASO)<30 min could be associated to significantly decreased or increased errors, depending on the outcome sleep metrics. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis shows that Fitbit Charge 2 underestimated sleep stage transition dynamics compared with the medical device. Device accuracy may be significantly affected by perceived sleep quality (PSQI), WASO, and SE.

scholarly journals A novel protocol for occlusal splint adjustment to treat TMD in sleep bruxism

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Lilian Christyane Giannasi ◽  
Raquel Pastréllo Hirata ◽  
Fabiano Politti ◽  
Sergio Roberto Nacif ◽  
Fernando Sérgio Studart Leitão Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Bruxism ◽  
Occlusal Splints ◽  
Tooth Grinding ◽  
Rhythmic Masticatory Muscle Activity ◽  
Paired Student ◽  
Before And After

INTRODUCTION: Sleep bruxism (SB) is a stereotypical movement disorder that is characterized by rhythmic masticatory muscle activity associated with tooth grinding and occasional jaw clenching. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the relief time for temporomandibular disorders (TMD), cervical and otological signs and symptoms in patients with BS treated with occlusal splints (OS) for a period of 180 days. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients, between ages 22 and 53 years old, presenting SB and TMD, including cervical and otological symptoms, were enrolled in this study. The patient’s treatment protocol consisted of using the OS applying a novel adjustment protocol. The total follow-up period was 180 days. The paired Student t-test was used to compare before and after long-term OS treatment. RESULTS: For all variables, the results were statistically significant (p < 0.001). As to the TMD symptoms, in most patients the relief of pain in masseter, temporalis, cervical and TMDs occurred in the 3rd month. Twenty percent of the patients were aware of clenching teeth while awake and reported that this parafunction decreased by the end of 6 months, and 90% reported an improvement in sleep quality as well. CONCLUSION: The use of an OS with a novel adjustment protocol was an effective treatment for TMD sign and symptoms in patients with SB.

scholarly journals Hippocampus-retrosplenial cortex interaction is increased during phasic REM and contributes to memory consolidation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Gomes de Almeida-Filho ◽  
Bruna Del Vechio Koike ◽  
Francesca Billwiller ◽  
Kelly Soares Farias ◽  
Igor Rafael Praxedes de Sales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Contextual Fear Conditioning ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Theta Oscillation ◽  
Contextual Fear ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Freely Behaving ◽  
Phasic Rem Sleep

AbstractHippocampal (HPC) theta oscillation during post-training rapid eye movement (REM) sleep supports spatial learning. Theta also modulates neuronal and oscillatory activity in the retrosplenial cortex (RSC) during REM sleep. To investigate the relevance of theta-driven interaction between these two regions to memory consolidation, we computed the Granger causality within theta range on electrophysiological data recorded in freely behaving rats during REM sleep, both before and after contextual fear conditioning. We found a training-induced modulation of causality between HPC and RSC that was correlated with memory retrieval 24 h later. Retrieval was proportional to the change in the relative influence RSC exerted upon HPC theta oscillation. Importantly, causality peaked during theta acceleration, in synchrony with phasic REM sleep. Altogether, these results support a role for phasic REM sleep in hippocampo-cortical memory consolidation and suggest that causality modulation between RSC and HPC during REM sleep plays a functional role in that phenomenon.

scholarly journals SURG-03. IMMERSIVE VIRTUAL REALITY APPLICATIONS IN NEUROSURGICAL ONCOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii461-iii461
Author(s):  
Andrea Carai ◽  
Angela Mastronuzzi ◽  
Giovanna Stefania Colafati ◽  
Paul Voicu ◽  
Nicola Onorini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Immersive Virtual Reality ◽  
Global Improvement ◽  
3D Rendering ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Tridimensional (3D) rendering of volumetric neuroimaging is increasingly been used to assist surgical management of brain tumors. New technologies allowing immersive virtual reality (VR) visualization of obtained models offer the opportunity to appreciate neuroanatomical details and spatial relationship between the tumor and normal neuroanatomical structures to a level never seen before. We present our preliminary experience with the Surgical Theatre, a commercially available 3D VR system, in 60 consecutive neurosurgical oncology cases. 3D models were developed from volumetric CT scans and MR standard and advanced sequences. The system allows the loading of 6 different layers at the same time, with the possibility to modulate opacity and threshold in real time. Use of the 3D VR was used during preoperative planning allowing a better definition of surgical strategy. A tailored craniotomy and brain dissection can be simulated in advanced and precisely performed in the OR, connecting the system to intraoperative neuronavigation. Smaller blood vessels are generally not included in the 3D rendering, however, real-time intraoperative threshold modulation of the 3D model assisted in their identification improving surgical confidence and safety during the procedure. VR was also used offline, both before and after surgery, in the setting of case discussion within the neurosurgical team and during MDT discussion. Finally, 3D VR was used during informed consent, improving communication with families and young patients. 3D VR allows to tailor surgical strategies to the single patient, contributing to procedural safety and efficacy and to the global improvement of neurosurgical oncology care.

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