scholarly journals O010 The role of dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep in the association between daily sleep and affect in adolescents and emerging adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A5-A5
Author(s):  
E Chachos ◽  
L Shen ◽  
S Maskevich ◽  
Y Yap ◽  
J Stone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cognitive Vulnerability ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Dysfunctional Beliefs ◽  
Low Dimensions ◽  
Modifiable Factor ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

Abstract Introduction Sleep and affect are closely related. Late adolescence and emerging adulthood are associated with unique sleep patterns and risk for mood disturbances. This daily study examined whether dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep (DBAS), a modifiable cognitive vulnerability factor, moderated daily sleep-affect associations. Methods 421 community adolescents (n=205, 54.1% females, M±SDage=16.9±0.87) and emerging adults (n=216, 73.1% females, M±SDage=21.31±1.73) self-reported sleep and affect (adapted 12-item PANAS) and wore an actigraphy device for 7–28 days, providing >5000 daily observations. Linear mixed models tested whether DBAS moderated daily associations between self-reported and actigraphic sleep duration (total sleep time), sleep efficiency, and next-day affect on between and within-person levels. Both valence (positive/negative) and arousal (high/low) dimensions of affect were examined. Covariates included age, gender, ethnicity, day of week, and previous-day affect. Results DBAS significantly moderated associations between average sleep and next-day positive, but not negative, affect. Individuals with higher DBAS had significantly lower high arousal positive affect as average sleep duration (actigraphic: p=.002; self-reported: p=.014) and efficiency (actigraphic: p=.014) decreased. Similar moderation was found for average self-reported sleep duration and low arousal positive affect (p=.032). No significant results emerged on the within-person level. Previous-day affect significantly predicted next-day affect across models and outcomes (all p<.001). Discussion Adolescents and emerging adults with more negative views about sleep may experience dampened positive affect in shorter, or poorer, sleep periods. DBAS may constitute a modifiable factor increasing affective vulnerability on a global but not day-to-day level, and a therapeutic target for sleep-related affect disturbances in youths.

The role of dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes in late-life insomnia

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Ellis ◽  
Sarah E. Hampson ◽  
Mark Cropley
Keyword(s):  
Late Life ◽  
Dysfunctional Beliefs ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

scholarly journals Sleep and affect in adolescents: bi-directional daily associations over 28 days’ ecological momentary assessment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Shen ◽  
Joshua F. Wiley ◽  
Bei Bei
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
High Arousal ◽  
Low Dimensions ◽  
Sleep Measurement ◽  
Ecological Momentary

Study Objectives: To examine bi-directional, temporal associations between daily sleep and affect under naturally constrained (school) and unconstrained (vacation) sleep opportunities, while simultaneously incorporating both valence (positive versus negative) and arousal (high versus low) dimensions of affect. Methods: Sleep and affect were measured over 2 weeks of school and 2 weeks of vacation in 205 adolescents (54.1% females, Mage=16.9 years), providing 5231 days of data. Total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency were measured using actigraphy and sleep diary. High- and low-arousal positive and negative affect (PA, NA) were self-reported each afternoon. Between- and within-person sleep-affect associations were tested using cross-lagged, multilevel models. Lagged outcome, day of the week, study day, and sociodemographics were controlled.Results: Bi-directional associations between self-report sleep and affect were found on the between-person level: longer self-report TST associated with lower high and low arousal NA. Higher high arousal PA associated with longer actigraphy TST between-persons, but predicted shorter same-night actigraphy TST within-persons. Results did not differ between school and vacation. Significant within-person random effects demonstrate individual differences in daily sleep-affect associations. Conclusions: Associations differed based on sleep measurement and affect dimensions, highlighting the complex relationship between sleep and affect. Strong between-person associations between self-report sleep and affect suggest that improving either sleep or mood may benefit the other. Although overall high arousal PA was protective of sleep duration, on a day-to-day basis, higher-than-usual high arousal PA may reduce sleep duration on nights it is experienced. Further research needs to identify causes of individual differences in sleep-affect associations.

scholarly journals Body composition impact on sleep in young adults: The mediating role of sedentariness, physical activity, and diet

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almudena Carneiro-Barrera ◽  
Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete ◽  
Francisco M. Acosta ◽  
Jonatan R. Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Objectively Measured

Abstract Background Obesity and short sleep duration have both been related to endocrine and metabolic alterations, type II diabetes mellitus, life-threating cardiovascular diseases, and impaired daytime functioning and mood. However, the bidirectional relationship between these conditions and underlying mechanisms still remain unclear, especially in young adults. Objective This cross-sectional study therefore was aimed at elucidating the potential association of anthropometric and body composition parameters with objective and subjective sleep duration and quality in young sedentary adults, considering the potential mediating role of objectively-measured sedentariness, physical activity, and diet. Methods A total of 187 adults aged 18-25 (35.29% men) were included in the study. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio were calculated through weight, height, waist and hip circumferences measures. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner was used to assess body composition parameters such as lean mass index, fat mass index and visceral adipose tissue mass. Sedentary time, physical activity, and sleep duration and quality were objectively measured using accelerometry, sleep quality also being subjectively measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Dietary intake was assessed by means of 24h recall questionnaires. Results BMI, waist-hip ratio and lean mass index were inversely associated to objectively-measured total sleep time and sleep efficiency (p < 0.05). Sedentary time moderated by sex explained the effects of BMI on total sleep time such that a high BMI was related to higher sedentariness in men which, in turn, was significantly associated with shorter sleep duration. Discussion Sedentary time is a link-risk factor mediating the adverse consequences of high BMI on short sleep duration in healthy young men. However, not until the complex association between body composition and sleep in young population is properly understood will it be possible to establish appropriate therapeutic goals addressing the early morbidity and mortality that obesity and short sleep duration certainly determine.

scholarly journals Body Composition Impact on Sleep in Young Adults: The Mediating Role of Sedentariness, Physical Activity, and Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1560
Author(s):  
Almudena Carneiro-Barrera ◽  
Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete ◽  
Francisco M. Acosta ◽  
Jonatan R. Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
High Bmi

Obesity and sleep disturbances are both related to endocrine and metabolic alterations, cardiovascular disease, and impaired daytime functioning and mood. However, the bidirectional relationship between these conditions and the underlying mechanisms still remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential association of anthropometric and body composition parameters with sleep in young adults, considering the mediating role of sedentariness, physical activity, and diet. A total of 187 adults aged 18–25 (35.29% men) participated in the study. Body mass index (BMI), waist–hip ratio, and waist–height ratio were calculated, and a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner was used to assess body composition. Sedentary time and physical activity, as well as sleep duration and quality, were objectively and subjectively measured using accelerometry and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. An inverse association was found between BMI and total sleep time (β = −0.165, p = 0.029). Waist–hip ratio and lean mass index were also negatively associated with total sleep time (β = −0.222, p = 0.007, and β = −0.219, p = 0.004) and sleep efficiency (β = −0.174, p = 0.037, and β = −0.188, p = 0.013). Sedentary time moderated by sex explained the association of BMI with total sleep time such that a high BMI was related to higher sedentariness in men which, in turn, was significantly associated with shorter sleep duration. Sedentary time is, therefore, a link/risk factor mediating the association of high BMI with short sleep duration in healthy young men.

Social and Temporal Comparisons as Moderators of Psychological Resources Associations With Wellbeing

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasida Ben-Zur
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Age Range ◽  
General Wellbeing

Abstract. The current study investigated the associations of psychological resources, social comparisons, and temporal comparisons with general wellbeing. The sample included 142 community participants (47.9% men; age range 23–83 years), who compared themselves with others, and with their younger selves, on eight dimensions (e.g., physical health, resilience). They also completed questionnaires assessing psychological resources of mastery and self-esteem, and three components of subjective wellbeing: life satisfaction and negative and positive affect. The main results showed that high levels of psychological resources contributed to wellbeing, with self-enhancing social and temporal comparisons moderating the effects of resources on certain wellbeing components. Specifically, under low levels of mastery or self-esteem self-enhancing social or temporal comparisons were related to either higher life satisfaction or positive affect. The results highlight the role of resources and comparisons in promoting people’s wellbeing, and suggest that self-enhancing comparisons function as cognitive coping mechanisms when psychological resources are low.

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