In Utero and Lactational Exposure to TCDD; Steroidogenic Outcomes Differ in Male and Female Rat Pups

First-generation (1-) male and female rat pups were either reared artificially on a high-carbohydrate (HC) or a high-fat (HF) formula or nursed by mother (MF) from day 4 and weaned onto a stock diet on day 24. 1-HC rats compared with sex-matched control rats (1-HF and 1-MF) were hyperinsulinemic and mildly obese by day 60. We investigated the effect of maternal hyperinsulinemia on the second generation (2-) by intragroup breeding. The 2-HC male and female rats were hyperinsulinemic on day 45, had significantly increased growth rate from approximately day 60 onward, and became obese as evidenced by increased adipose tissue mass due to hypertrophy on day 100. The lipogenic capacity of liver and adipose tissues was significantly higher in the 2-HC than in control rats. Thus the metabolic changes that occurred in the first-generation rats fed a HC formula during early postnatal life not only persisted into their adult life but were also passed on to the next generation.

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SEX RATIO IN UTERO AND THE PLASMA CONCENTRATION OF TESTOSTERONE IN MALE AND FEMALE RAT FOETUSES

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.0790395 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 395-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

A. K. SLOB ◽

M. P. OOMS ◽

J. T. M. VREEBURG

Keyword(s):

Plasma Concentration ◽

Sex Ratio ◽

The Netherlands ◽

Adult Life ◽

In Utero ◽

Male Rats ◽

Female Rat ◽

Male And Female ◽

Close Proximity ◽

Growth And Reproduction

Department of Endocrinology, Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Erasmus University, P.O. Box 1738, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (Received 14 June 1978) Prenatal morphological and behavioural masculinization of female foetuses through exposure to androgen from the testes of male foetuses was first suggested by Clemens (1974). It was reported that female foetuses next to male foetuses in the uterus had a larger ano-genital distance at birth and displayed more (but not statistically significant) mounting behaviour in response to administration of testosterone in adult life than did female foetuses that had not been in such close proximity to foetal male rats. More recently, Gandelman, vom Saal & Reinisch (1977) also reported that in mice, the positions of the female foetuses in the uterus relative to the male foetuses determined the extent to which the female rat was masculinized in terms of both morphology (ano-genital distance at birth) and behaviour (testosterone-induced fighting in

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IN UTERO AND LACTATIONAL EXPOSURE TO DIOXIN ALTERED THE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION IN FEMALE RAT OFFSPRING BEFORE AND AFTER PUBERTY التعرض إلى الديوکسين عن طريق الرحم و الرضاعة يغير الوظيفة الإنجابية في ذرية الفئران الإناث قبل وبعد سن البلوغ

Assiut University Bulletin for Environmental Researches ◽

10.21608/auber.2013.148457 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16.1 (16.1) ◽

pp. 13-39

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Function ◽

In Utero ◽

Female Rat ◽

Lactational Exposure ◽

Rat Offspring ◽

Before And After

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Simulated Gastric Digestion and In Vivo Intestinal Uptake of Orally Administered CuO Nanoparticles and TiO2 E171 in Male and Female Rat Pups

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11061487 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1487

Author(s):

Ninell P. Mortensen ◽

Maria Moreno Caffaro ◽

Shyam Aravamudhan ◽

Lakshmi Beeravalli ◽

Sharmista Prattipati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Cells ◽

Early Life ◽

Oral Exposure ◽

Low Grade ◽

Female Rat ◽

Intestinal Uptake ◽

Male And Female ◽

Cuo Nps ◽

Rat Pups

Oral exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) during early life is an understudied area. The goals of this study were to evaluate the effect of pre-weaned rat gastric fluids on 50 nm CuO NPs and TiO2 E171 in vitro, and to evaluate uptake in vivo. The NP uptake was studied in vivo in male and female Sprague-Dawley rat pups following oral administration of four consecutive daily doses of 10 mg/kg CuO NPs, TiO2 E171, or vehicle control (water) between postnatal day (PND) 7–10. Rat pups were sacrificed on either PND10 or PND21. Simulated digestion led to dissolution of CuO NPs at the later ages tested (PND14 and PND21, but not PND7). In vivo intestinal uptake of CuO NPs and TiO2 E171 was observed by hyperspectral imaging of intestinal cross sections. Brightfield microscopy showed that the number of immune cells increased in the intestinal tissue following NP administration. Orally administered NPs led to low intestinal uptake of NPs and an increase in immune cells in the small and large intestine, suggesting that oral exposure to NPs during early life may lead to irritation or a low-grade inflammation. The long-term impact of increased immune cells in the intestinal tract during early life is unknown.

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