scholarly journals Emergence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms in a neonatal unit and the therapeutic implications

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Musoke
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Neonatal Unit ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

scholarly journals Multidrug resistance in the neonatal unit and its therapeutic implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinawati Rohsiswatmo
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Acinetobacter Calcoaceticus ◽  
Neonatal Unit ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Resis Tance ◽  
Fungi Infection ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background Neonatal septicemia constitutes an important causeof morbidity and mortality among neonates in Indonesia. The ex-cessive use of antibiotics may cause antibiotic resistant bacteriaand may cause neonatal fungal infection.Objective To investigate the spectrum of organisms which causeneonatal sepsis and assess their sensitivity to various groups ofdrugs in the neonatal unit.Methods A prospective study conducted on newborn babies de-livered in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta from July 2004-May 2005 who presented clinical signs of septicemia were sub-jected for blood culture. Those sensitive to antibiotics for 7 daysyet showed no clinical improvement were also cultured for fungi.Results A total of 499 blood cultures were taken, 320 were posi-tive for bacteria (positivity rate was 65.3%). There were 192 samplescultured for fungi, and the positivity rate was 64% (all for Candidasp). Acinetobacter calcoaceticus was the most common bacteriafound (35.7%), followed by Enterobacter sp (7.0%), and Staphylo-coccus sp (6.8%). Most bacteria showed high degrees of resis-tance to commonly used antibiotics (ampicillin and gentamicin).There were also high degrees of resistance to cephalosporins byboth Gram negative and Gram positive organisms. Only 61.7% ofA. calcoaceticus, and 45.7% of Enterobacter sp were sensitive toceftazidime. Gram negative organisms were also highly resistantto amikacin, but Staphylococcus sp was only moderately resis-tant. Resistance to carbapenem (meropenem and imipenem) var-ied from moderate to low. Drugs which were not used for newbornbabies (quinolones/ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol) varied frommoderate to high resistance.Conclusion Neonatal sepsis remains one of the major causes ofmortality in our neonatal unit. Most organisms have developedmultidrug resistance, and management of patients infected withthese organisms and especially those with fungi infection are be-coming a problem in developing countries

scholarly journals Hospital-acquired infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms in Hungary, 2005-2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Caini ◽  
A Hajdu ◽  
A Kurcz ◽  
K Böröcz
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Healthcare-associated infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms are associated with prolonged medical care, worse outcome and costly therapies. In Hungary, hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) due to epidemiologically important multidrug-resistant organisms are notifiable by law since 2004. Overall, 6,845 case-patients (59.8% men; median age: 65 years) were notified in Hungary from 2005 to 2010. One third of case-patients died in hospital. The overall incidence of infections increased from 5.4 in 2005 to 14.7 per 100,000 patient-days in 2010. Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was the most frequently reported pathogen (52.2%), but while its incidence seemed to stabilise after 2007, notifications of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms have significantly increased from 2005 to 2010. Surgical wound and bloodstream were the most frequently reported sites of infection. Although MRSA incidence has seemingly reached a plateau in recent years, actions aiming at reducing the burden of HAIs with special focus on Gram-negative multidrug-resistant organisms are needed in Hungary. Continuing promotion of antimicrobial stewardship, infection control methodologies, reinforced HAI surveillance among healthcare and infection control practitioners, and engagement of stakeholders, hospital managers and public health authorities to facilitate the implementation of existing guidelines and protocols are essential.

scholarly journals The role of hospital environment in transmissions of multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Po Ying Chia ◽  
Sharmila Sengupta ◽  
Anjanna Kukreja ◽  
Sasheela S.L. Ponnampalavanar ◽  
Oon Tek Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

scholarly journals Factors influencing colonisation with gentamicin resistant gram negative organisms in the neonatal unit.

1988 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Isaacs ◽  
J Catterson ◽  
P L Hope ◽  
E R Moxon ◽  
A R Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Unit ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors Associated With Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Organisms in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1464-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlesnika T. Evans ◽  
Margaret A. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Makoto M. Jones ◽  
Stephen P. Burns ◽  
Linda Poggensee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Electronic Health Record Data ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

OBJECTIVEInfections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms (MDRGNOs) have been increasing every year. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of MDRGNOs and factors associated with MDRGNOs in patients with spinal cord injury or disorder (SCI/D).DESIGNRetrospective cohort study.METHODSDepartment of Veterans Affairs (VA) electronic health record data from 142 VA facilities were evaluated for 19,642 patients with SCI/D. Multivariable cluster-adjusted models were fit to identify factors associated with MDRGNO.RESULTSGram-negative (GN) cultures occurred in 44% of patients with SCI/D receiving care at VA facilities, and 11,527 (41.3%) GN cultures had an MDRGNO. The most frequent GN organisms (GNOs) were Escherichia coli (28.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.0%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.0%). Two-thirds of GN cultures were from the outpatient setting, where MDRGNO prevalence was 37.6%. Significant geographic variation in the prevalence of MDRGNOs was identified (South, 44.7%; Northeast, 44.3%; West, 36.8%; Midwest, 34.4%). Other factors associated with an MDRGNO were older age, injury characteristics, comorbidities, specimen type, healthcare setting, and healthcare exposure. Black (odds ratio [OR], 1.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39–1.78) and Hispanic race (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.28–1.95), polymicrobial culture (OR, 2.67; 95% CI, 2.46–2.90), and antibiotic use in the previous 90 days (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.50–1.76) were also associated with having an MDRGNO.CONCLUSIONSMDRGNOs were common in community and healthcare settings among veterans with SCI/D, with significant geographic variation. Health care and antibiotic exposures were significant factors associated with MDRGNOs. Priority should be given to controlling the spread of MDRGNOs in this special population, including a focus on judicious use of antibiotics.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:1464–1471

scholarly journals Clinical and Microbiological Outcomes of Serious Infections with Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Organisms Treated with Tigecycline

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Anthony ◽  
N. O. Fishman ◽  
D. R. Linkin ◽  
L. B. Gasink ◽  
P. H. Edelstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms
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