scholarly journals The Cryptic Plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Cointegrates with the Ti Plasmid and Cooperates for Opine Degradation

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 583-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Vaudequin-Dransart ◽  
Annik Petit ◽  
W. Scott Chilton ◽  
Yves Dessaux
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Recipient Strain ◽  
Ti Plasmid ◽  
Cryptic Plasmid ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Sole Nitrogen Source ◽  
Catabolic Plasmid

We crossed the Agrobacterium tumefaciens chrysanthemum strain ANT4, which harbors four plasmids, with the plasmid-free recipient C58.00RS. Transconjugants degrading the Amadori-opines chrysopine and deoxy-fructo-syl-oxo-proline (dfop) harbored the Ti plasmid of ANT4, termed pAtANT4b. Upon transfer to the recipient strain C58.00RS, pAtANT4b (pTiANT4) and pANT4a (the largest of the four plasmids of ANT4) could cointegrate. The cointegration of the two plasmids occurs at various places of the pTiANT4, a feature that may affect several functions of the Ti plasmid (e.g., opine degradation). Transcon-jugants utilizing the opine deoxy-fructosyl-glutamine (dfg) always harbored the large pAtANT4a. Other Agrobacterium strains, including nonpathogenic strains such as C58C1, naturally degraded dfg. Remarkably, strain C58C1 carries a large cryptic plasmid termed pAtC58 that also encodes dfg degradation. A screening of physiological traits additionally revealed that this plasmid allows utilization of octopine as sole nitrogen source after mutation. All these results demonstrate that the larger plasmid of A. tumefaciens is a catabolic plasmid and that both the “cryptic” plasmid and Ti plasmid cooperate for opine degradation.

scholarly journals Monomethylamine as a Nitrogen Source for a Nonmethylotrophic Bacterium, Agrobacterium tumefaciens

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 4102-4104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Chen ◽  
Kathryn L. McAleer ◽  
J. Colin Murrell
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Sole Nitrogen Source ◽  
Key Enzymes ◽  
Genes Encoding

ABSTRACT Monomethylamine can be used by nonmethylotrophs as a sole nitrogen source but not as a carbon source; however, little is known about the genes and enzymes involved. The γ-glutamylmethylamide/N-methylglutamate pathway for monomethylamine utilization by methylotrophs has recently been resolved. We have identified genes encoding key enzymes of this pathway in nonmethylotrophs (e.g., Agrobacterium tumefaciens) and demonstrated that this pathway is also involved in the utilization of monomethylamine as a nitrogen source by nonmethylotrophs.

scholarly journals Correction: characterization of the virB operon from Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmid.

1990 ◽  
Vol 265 (8) ◽  
pp. 4768
Author(s):  
J E Ward ◽  
D E Akiyoshi ◽  
D Regier ◽  
A Datta ◽  
M P Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Ti Plasmid ◽  
Virb Operon

PRODUCTION OF CYTASES ACTIVE ON BARLEY GUM BY BACTERIA OF THE GENUS BACILLUS

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Blackwood
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Shake Flask ◽  
Sole Nitrogen Source ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
Original Activity ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Bacillus Genus

One hundred and fourteen bacterial cultures representing most of the species in the Bacillus genus were tested for the production of extracellular barley gum cytase. Assays were made on shake-flask cultures grown on a medium containing glucose and yeast extract. Although all the organisms had some enzymatic activity, certain strains of Bacillus subtilis gave the best yields of cytase. On a medium with asparagine as the sole nitrogen source even higher yields were obtained. The crude cytase preparations were stable and after freeze-drying most of the original activity remained.

scholarly journals Mutants affecting histidine utilization inAspergillus nidulans

1975 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryl Polkinghorne ◽  
M. J. Hynes
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Sole Nitrogen Source ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Exogenous Substrate ◽  
Growth Properties ◽  
Type Strains

SUMMARYWild-type strains ofAspergillus nidulansgrow poorly onL-histidine as a sole nitrogen source. The synthesis of the enzyme histidase (EC. 4.3.1.3) appears to be a limiting factor in the growth of the wild type, as strains carrying the mutantareA102 allele have elevated histidase levels and grow strongly on histidine as a sole nitrogen source.L-Histidine is an extremely weak sole carbon source for all strains.Ammonium repression has an important role in the regulation of histidase synthesis and the relief of ammonium repression is dependent on the availability of a good carbon source. The level of histidase synthesis does not respond to the addition of exogenous substrate.Mutants carrying lesions in thesarA orsarB loci (suppressor ofareA102) have been isolated. The growth properties of these mutants on histidine as a sole nitrogen source correlate with the levels of histidase synthesized. Mutation at thesarA andsarB loci also reduces the utilization of a number of other nitrogen sources. The data suggest that these two genes may code for regulatory products involved in nitrogen catabolism. No histidase structural gene mutants were identified and possible explanations of this are discussed.

Physical mapping of DNA base sequence homologies between an octopine and a nopaline Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens

1981 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Engler ◽  
A. Depicker ◽  
R. Maenhaut ◽  
R. Villarroel ◽  
M. Van Montagu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Physical Mapping ◽  
Ti Plasmid ◽  
Base Sequence ◽  
Dna Base ◽  
Sequence Homologies
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