First Report of Papaya leaf curl virus in Papayas in Korea and Recovery of its Symptoms

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is one of the most economically important vegetable crops in China. In November 2011, symptoms with thickening and crumpling of leaves and stunting were observed on common bean with incidence rate of 50 to 70% in the fields of Huaibei, northern Anhui Province, China. Diseased common bean plants were found to be infested with large population of whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci), which induced leaf crumple symptoms in healthy common beans, suggesting begomovirus etiology. To identify possible begomoviruses, 43 symptomatic leaf samples from nine fields were collected and total DNA of each sample was extracted. PCR was performed using degenerate primers PA and PB to amplify a specific region covering AV2 gene of DNA-A and part of the adjacent intergenic region (2). DNA fragments were successfully amplified from 37 out of 43 samples and PCR amplicons of 31 samples were used for sequencing. Sequence alignments among them showed that the nucleotide sequence identity ranged from 99 to 100%, which implied that only one type of begomovirus might be present. Based on the consensus sequences, a primer pair MB1AbF (ATGTGGGATCCACTTCTAAATGAATTTCC) and MB1AsR (GCGTCGACAGTGCAAGACAAACTACTTGGGGACC) was designed and used to amplify the circular viral DNA genome. The complete genome (Accession No. JQ326957) was 2,781 nucleotides long and had the highest sequence identity (over 99%) with Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV; Accession Nos. GQ352537 and GU199587). These samples were also examined by dot immunobinding assay using monoclonal antibody against TYLCV and results confirmed that TYLCV was present in the samples. These results demonstrated that the virus from common bean is an isolate of TYLCV, a different virus from Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus (TYLCCNV). TYLCV is a devastating pathogen causing significant yield losses on tomato in China since 2006 (4). The virus has also been reported from cowpea in China (1) and in common bean in Spain (3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of TYLCV infecting common bean in China. References: (1) F. M. Dai et al. Plant Dis. 95:362, 2011. (2) D. Deng et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 125:327, 1994. (3) J. Navas-Castillo et al. Plant Dis. 83:29, 1999. (4) J. B. Wu et al. Plant Dis. 90:1359, 2006.

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First Report of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in South Carolina

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pd-90-0379c ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 90 (3) ◽

pp. 379-379 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

K. S. Ling ◽

A. M. Simmons ◽

R. L. Hassell ◽

A. P. Keinath ◽

J. E. Polston

Keyword(s):

South Carolina ◽

The United States ◽

Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽

Yellow Leaf ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

First Report ◽

Pcr Products ◽

Primer Sequence ◽

Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Leaf Curl

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a begomovirus in the family Geminiviridae, causes yield losses in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) around the world. During 2005, tomato plants exhibiting TYLCV symptoms were found in several locations in the Charleston, SC area. These locations included a whitefly research greenhouse at the United States Vegetable Laboratory, two commercial tomato fields, and various garden centers. Symptoms included stunting, mottling, and yellowing of leaves. Utilizing the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and begomovirus degenerate primer set prV324 and prC889 (1), the expected 579-bp amplification product was generated from DNA isolated from symptomatic tomato leaves. Another primer set (KL04-06_TYLCV CP F: 5′GCCGCCG AATTCAAGCTTACTATGTCGAAG; KL04-07_TYLCV CP R: 5′GCCG CCCTTAAGTTCGAAACTCATGATATA), homologous to the Florida isolate of TYLCV (GenBank Accession No. AY530931) was designed to amplify a sequence that contains the entire coat protein gene. These primers amplified the expected 842-bp PCR product from DNA isolated from symptomatic tomato tissues as well as viruliferous whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) adults. Expected PCR products were obtained from eight different samples, including three tomato samples from the greenhouse, two tomato plants from commercial fields, two plants from retail stores, and a sample of 50 whiteflies fed on symptomatic plants. For each primer combination, three PCR products amplified from DNA from symptomatic tomato plants after insect transmission were sequenced and analyzed. All sequences were identical and generated 806 nucleotides after primer sequence trimming (GenBank Accession No. DQ139329). This sequence had 99% nucleotide identity with TYLCV isolates from Florida, the Dominican Republic, Cuba, Guadeloupe, and Puerto Rico. In greenhouse tests with a total of 129 plants in two separate experiments, 100% of the tomato plants became symptomatic as early as 10 days after exposure to whiteflies previously fed on symptomatic plants. A low incidence (<1%) of symptomatic plants was observed in the two commercial tomato fields. In addition, two symptomatic tomato plants obtained from two different retail garden centers tested positive for TYLCV using PCR and both primer sets. Infected plants in both retail garden centers were produced by an out-of-state nursery; this form of “across-state” distribution may be one means of entry of TYLCV into South Carolina. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TYLCV in South Carolina. Reference: (1) S. D. Wyatt and J. K. Brown. Phytopathology 86:1288, 1996.

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First Report of TYLCV-IS141, a Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Recombinant Infecting Tomato Plants Carrying the Ty-1 Resistance Gene in Sardinia (Italy)

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-09-18-1558-pdn ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 103 (6) ◽

pp. 1437-1437 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Granier ◽

L. Tomassoli ◽

A. Manglli ◽

M. Nannini ◽

M. Peterschmitt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Gene ◽

Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽

Yellow Leaf ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

First Report ◽

Virus Recombinant ◽

Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Leaf Curl

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Associations of papaya leaf curl virus and betasatellite with yellow vein disease of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.)

Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection ◽

10.1080/03235408.2019.1704350 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 52 (19-20) ◽

pp. 1289-1297

Author(s):

V. Venkataravanappa ◽

Priti Sonavane ◽

C. N. Lakshminarayana Reddy ◽

M. Krishna Reddy

Keyword(s):

Yellow Vein ◽

Calendula Officinalis ◽

Pot Marigold ◽

Calendula Officinalis L ◽

Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Vein Disease ◽

Papaya Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Leaf Curl

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First report of natural infection of tomato yellow leaf curl virus on cucumber in China

Journal of Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s42161-020-00649-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 102 (4) ◽

pp. 1371-1371

Author(s):

Feng Zhu ◽

Qin-Qin Zhang ◽

Peng-Xiang Zhu ◽

Qi-Ping Zhang ◽

Meng-Yao Cao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Infection ◽

Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽

Yellow Leaf ◽

First Report ◽

Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Leaf Curl

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First Report of Capsicum annuum Plants Infected by Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.1999.83.12.1176d ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 83 (12) ◽

pp. 1176-1176 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

J. Reina ◽

G. Morilla ◽

E. R. Bejarano ◽

M. D. Rodríguez ◽

D. Janssen

Keyword(s):

Capsicum Annuum ◽

Blot Hybridization ◽

Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽

Southern Spain ◽

Yellow Leaf ◽

First Report ◽

Spanish Isolate ◽

Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Pepper Plants ◽

Leaf Curl

Infection of tomato crops by tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) has occurred annually in southern Spain since 1992. In 1997, TYLCV also was reported in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) (2) in southern Spain. During the summer of 1999, we observed pepper plants (Capsicum annuum) from a greenhouse in Almería (Spain) exhibiting clear leaf internervial and marginal chlorosis and upward curling of the leaflet margin. Total nucleic acids were extracted from five plants with symptoms and analyzed by Southern blot hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). As a probe, we used a plasmid (pSP72/97) encompassing the complete genome of the Spanish isolate of TYLCV-IS (1). A positive signal was obtained from three samples. A pair of primers (OTYA3/OTYA6) designed to amplify TYLCV was used for detection in samples (OTYA3: GGGTCGACGTCATCAATGACG; OTYA6: CTACATGAGAATGGGGAACC). Using PCR, we were able to obtain fragments of the expected sizes (649 bp for OTYA3/OTYA6) from four of five samples analyzed. Amplified fragments were later analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism with three cutter enzymes (AluI, RsaI, and HinfI). The restriction pattern obtained in all cases corresponded with the Spanish isolate of TYLCV-IS. One of the fragments amplified with OTYA3/OTYA6 was fully sequenced. The sequence was 100% identical to that previously reported for the Spanish isolate of TYLCV-IS. This is the first report of TYLCV infection in C. annuum, which is one of the most important commercial crops in southeastern Spain. Work is in progress to determine whether the presence of TYLCV-IS in pepper plants is responsible for the symptoms described here. References: (1) J. Navas-Castillo et al. Plant Dis. 81:1461, 1997. (2) J. Navas-Castillo et al. Plant Dis. 83:29, 1999.

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First Report on the Association of Squash leaf curl virus and Watermelon chlorotic stunt virus with Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Disease

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-08-12-0712-pdn ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 97 (3) ◽

pp. 428-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

F. Haj Ahmad ◽

W. Odeh ◽

G. Anfoka

Keyword(s):

Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽

Virus Species ◽

Yellow Leaf ◽

First Report ◽

Squash Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Symptomatic Plant ◽

Mexican Isolate ◽

Watermelon Chlorotic Stunt Virus ◽

Leaf Curl

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) is one of the most economically important vegetable crops in Jordan. Tomato cultivation in many countries in the Mediterranean basin is affected by several virus species belonging to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus complex (3). In March 2011, a field experiment was conducted at Horet Al-Sahen region to screen tomato breeding lines for resistance against TYLCD. Unexpectedly, severe TYLCD symptoms, including leaf curling, yellowing, and severe stunting were observed on some plants belonging to the F5 generation of a breeding line that was supposed to be resistant to the virus. One symptomatic plant was transferred into the greenhouse and used for whitefly transmission. The virus isolate was maintained on a susceptible tomato landrace by serial transmission using biotype B of the whitely vector (Bemisia tabaci). To confirm begomovirus infections, total nucleic acids were extracted from leaf tissues as previously described (4) and viral DNA genomes were amplified by rolling circle amplification (RCA) using the TempliPhi Amplification Kit (GE Healthcare). RCA products were then subjected to restriction digestion with different enzymes. Two DNA fragments of 1,035 bp and 1,760 bp were the products of EcoRl-digestion. Following sequencing, BLASTn analysis showed that the small fragment (1,035 bp) (GenBank Accession No. JX444576) corresponding to nts 2,408 to 2,690 of Watermelon chlorotic stunt virus from Jordan (WmCSV-[JO]) (EU561237) had approximately 99% nt identity with WmCSV-[JO] and other isolates from Israel (EF201809) and Iran (AJ245652), while the second fragment (1,760 bp) which corresponds to nts 117 to 1,877 of TYLCV genome had 98% nt identities with the Mexican isolate of TYLCV (FJ609655). Two pairs of primers (TYLCV29F1: TATGGCAATCGGTGTATC/TYLCV29R1: GTGTCCAGGTATAAGTAAG) and (TYLCV29F2: GAGAGCCCAATTTTTCAAG/TYLCV29R2: GGGAATATCTAGACGAAGAA) were used to amplify full TYLCV genome. Sequence analysis showed that TYLCV (JX444575) had the highest (98%) nt identity with the Mexican isolate of TYLCV (FJ609655). Because Squash leaf curl virus and WmCSV were recently reported in Jordan (1,2), we further investigated whether SLCV was also involved in the disease; therefore, two pairs of SLCV-specific primers (SLCVF-Sal (TATAGTCGACGTTGAACCGGATTTGAATG)/SLCVR-Sal (TATAGTCGACCTGAGGAGAGCACTAAATC) (DNA-A) and SLCVF-Hindlll (ATTAAAGCTTAGTGGTTATGCAAGGCG)/SLCVR-Hindlll (ATTAAAGCTTGGCTGCACCATATGAACG) (DNA-B) were used in PCR using RCA products as template. The expected sizes of DNA-A (2,639 bp) (JX444577) and DNA-B (2,607 bp) (JX444574) could successfully be amplified from the original symptomatic plant. Phylogenetic analysis showed that DNA-A was closely related to SLCV isolates from Lebanon (HM368373) and Egypt (DQ285019) with 99% nt identity, while DNA-B had highest nt identity (99%) with the Israeli isolate of SLCV (HQ184437). To our knowledge, this is the first report on the association of SLCV and WmCSV with TYLCD. Further studies will be carried out to investigate whether tomato can act as an inoculum source for these two viruses. References: (1) A. Al-Musa et al. J. Phytopath. 156:311, 2008 (2) A. Al-Musa et al. Virus Genes 43:79, 2011. (3) G. Anfoka et al. J. Plant Pathol. 90:311, 2008. (4) J. L. Potter et al. Plant Dis, 87:1205, 2003.

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