scholarly journals First Report of Beet mosaic virus Infecting Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in Tunisia

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1068-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Kumari ◽  
A. Najar ◽  
N. Attar ◽  
M. H. Loh ◽  
H.-J. Vetten
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus

Chickpea plants with severe yellowing and tip wilting were observed in the Cap-Bon Region of Tunisia in 2006. The viral-like symptoms resulted in yield loss of approximately 25% in some fields. A total of 110 symptomatic chickpea plants was collected from nine chickpea fields and tested at the Virology Laboratory of ICARDA, Syria for eight legume viruses using tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA) (3). Polyclonal antisera produced at the ICARDA Virology Laboratory were used to test for Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (genus Mastrevirus, family Geminiviridae), Broad bean stain virus (genus Comovirus, family Secoviridae), Broad bean mottle virus (genus Bromovirus, family Bromoviridae), and Bean yellow mosaic virus and Pea seed borne mosaic virus (genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae). Antiserum to Beet mosaic virus (BtMV; genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae) (AS-0143) was provided by the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany). In addition, three monoclonal antibodies (MAb) were used to detect Faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV; genus Nanovirus, family Nanoviridae) (MAb 3-2E9) (1), potyviruses (PVAS-769 [MAb PTY 3 Potyvirus Group] American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA), and luteoviruses (MAb B-2-5G4) (2). Twenty-two of the plants tested positive with MAb PTY 3 and BtMV antisera, 56 samples reacted with MAb B-2-5G4, and eight plants with the FBNYV MAb, whereas 24 plants tested negative with all antisera. Because reactions with the BtMV antiserum were unexpected, detection of BtMV was confirmed by reverse transcription-(RT)-PCR assays using BtMV-specific primers (LN26 and LN27) (4), which produced an amplicon of expected size (1,050 bp) from all plants that reacted with BtMV antiserum but not from plants that were serologically negative. Leaf tissue from a BtMV-infected plant was ground in 0.01 M potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.2 (1:20, wt/vol), mixed with 0.5% celite, and used for mechanical inoculation of chickpea seedlings (cv. Beja 4). In addition, adults of three legume aphid species (Aphis craccivora, A. fabae, and Acyrthosiphon pisum) were starved for 1 h before feeding on BtMV-infected chickpea leaves for an acquisition access period of 5 min. Fifteen aphids of each species were placed on each chickpea plant, allowed to feed for 24 h, and then sprayed with an insecticide. Tip wilting symptoms appeared on plants 15 to 20 days after mechanical and aphid inoculations but not on plants used as negative control treatments (inoculated mechanically with healthy leaf tissue or with aphids that had fed on noninfected chickpea plants). Use of BtMV antiserum for TBIA analysis of inoculated plants revealed systemic BtMV infections in 35 of 92 plants inoculated mechanically and 15 of 75 plants inoculated with viruliferous A. fabae only. To our knowledge, this is the first record of BtMV infecting chickpea in Tunisia. References: (1) A. Franz et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 128:255, 1996. (2) L. Katul. Characterization by serology and molecular biology of bean leaf roll virus and faba bean necrotic yellows virus. Ph.D. thesis. University of Gottingen, Germany, 1992. (3) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994. (4) L. G. Nemchinov et al. Arch. Virol. 149:1201, 2004.

scholarly journals A Survey of Viruses Affecting Faba Bean (Vicia faba) in Tunisia Includes First Record of Soybean dwarf virus

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 1151-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Najar ◽  
Safaa G. Kumari ◽  
Khaled M. Makkouk ◽  
Abderazzek Daaloul
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
First Record ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Soybean Dwarf Virus

A survey was conducted in April 2003 to identify viruses infecting faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in six regions (Beja, Bizerte, Cap-bon, Le Kef, Siliana, and Zaghouan) in Tunisia. A total of 292 faba bean samples with symptoms of viral infection (leaf rolling, yellowing, and mosaic) were collected. The samples were tested at the virology laboratory of the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Syria, for 11 viruses using the tissue-blot immunoassay procedure (3). Specific rabbit polyclonal antisera were used to test for Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV) (provided by H. J. Vetten, BBA, Braunschweig, Germany), Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), Broad bean mottle virus (BBMV), Broad bean stain virus (BBSV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and Pea seedborne mosaic virus (PSbMV) (ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria). In addition, four specific monoclonal antibodies were used to detect Bean leaf roll virus (BLRV) (4B10) (2), Beet western yellows virus (BWYV) (ATCC PVAS-647; American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA), Faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (3-2E9) (1), and Soybean dwarf virus (SbDV) (ATCC PVAS-650). Serological tests showed that BBMV, a beetle-transmitted and seedborne virus identified in 23.3% (68 samples) of the samples tested, was the most common. BLRV, FBNYV, BWYV, BYMV, SbDV, and PSbMV were detected in 56, 33, 31, 10, 5, and 1 sample(s) of 292 samples tested, respectively. AMV, BBSV, CMV, and CpCDV were not detected in any samples tested. In Tunisia, BLRV, BWYV, BYMV, FBNYV, and PSbMV have previously been reported in faba bean (4), but to our knowledge, this is the first record of SbDV affecting faba bean in Tunisia, where it was detected in two fields in the Cap-bon Region. In sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by western blots, extracts from SbDV-infected plants were observed to contain 23-kDa structural proteins, which reacted strongly with SbDV monoclonal antibodies. Transmission tests showed that the samples, which reacted with SbDV monoclonal antibodies, were transmitted to faba bean plants by the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) in a persistent manner. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SbDV naturally infecting faba bean in Tunisia and it could cause a serious problem to other leguminous crops grown in Tunisia, such as French bean and peas, which are hosts for the virus. References: (1) A. Franz and K. M. Makkouk Ann. Appl. Biol. 128:255, 1996. (2) L. Katul. Characterization by serology and molecular biology of bean leaf roll virus and faba bean necrotic yellows virus. PhD thesis. University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany, 1992. (3) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994. (4) A. Najar et al. Phytopathol. Mediterr. 39:423, 2000.

scholarly journals First Report of Bean Leafroll Luteovirus Infecting Pea in Italy

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Larsen ◽  
D. M. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Po River ◽  
First Report ◽  
Access Period ◽  
Pea Aphids

Approximately 5,000 ha of processing peas (Pisum sativum L) are cultivated annually in the Po River Valley of northern Italy. During the 1998 growing season, affected pea plants in this region were observed that exhibited mild chlorosis and mottling, leaf rolling, and stunting symptoms. High aphid populations and disease levels of nearly 100% were observed in susceptible varieties. Samples from affected fields were analyzed for the presence of bean leafroll virus (BLRV). Nonviruliferous pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) received a 48-h acquisition access period on symptomatic leaves. Aphids were then transferred to Puget pea and Diana faba bean for a 72-h inoculation access period. Leaf samples were also macerated in 0.05 M potassium phosphate pH 7.4, and inoculated mechanically to pea, faba bean, chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), Chenopodium quinoa Willd., and C. amaranticolor Coste & Reyn. Symptoms typical of those observed in the original field plants appeared 10 to 14 days after aphid transmissions in both pea and faba bean inoculated with pea aphids. No symptoms were observed in any of the hosts that were inoculated mechanically. Total nucleic acid extracts from the original pea samples, and from leaf tissue of pea and faba bean plants inoculated with aphids, served as templates in reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assays. Primers BLR-V157 and BLR-C546, which flanked a 400-bp fragment, were designed with available sequence data for the coat protein gene of BLRV (1). An amplification product of the expected size was generated from symptomatic plants but not from healthy controls. Sequence analysis of the cloned fragments revealed a 99% nucleic acid homology with the published sequence for BLRV and an isolate obtained from alfalfa in Washington State (R. Larsen, unpublished). This is the first report of BLRV in Italy. Reference: (1) B. Brill et al. Nucleic Acids Res. 18:5544, 1990.

Mitigating effects of Bean yellow mosaic virus infection in faba bean using new carboxymethyl chitosan-titania nanobiocomposites

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 1261-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed R. Sofy ◽  
Ahmed A. Hmed ◽  
Abd EL-Aleem M. Alnaggar ◽  
Rehab A. Dawoud ◽  
Reda F.M. Elshaarawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Carboxymethyl Chitosan ◽  
Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus Infection

scholarly journals Apple Latent Spherical Virus Vector as Vaccine for the Prevention and Treatment of Mosaic Diseases in Pea, Broad Bean, and Eustoma Plants by Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus

Viruses ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 4242-4257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nozomi Satoh ◽  
Tatsuya Kon ◽  
Noriko Yamagishi ◽  
Tsubasa Takahashi ◽  
Tomohide Natsuaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Vector ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Apple Latent Spherical Virus ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

FABA BEAN: LOW RESISTANCE TO PEA APHIDS, ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE), IN ELEVEN CULTIVARS

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. FRAZER ◽  
D. RAWORTH ◽  
T. GOSSARD
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Pea Aphids ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Faba Beans

Eleven cultivars of faba beans and one of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) were bioassayed for resistance to pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)) by determining the fecundity, survival and developmental rate of the aphid on each cultivar. None of the cultivars tested, including the three licensed for production in Canada, possess any significant resistance, although they differ in susceptibility.

scholarly journals First Record of Faba bean necrotic yellows virus and Beet western yellows virus Infecting Faba Bean in Tunisia

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 1046-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Najar ◽  
Khaled M. Makkouk ◽  
Safaa G. Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
First Record ◽  
Beet Western Yellows Virus ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Tissue Blot Immunoassay

A survey was conducted in April 2000 to identify viruses infecting faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in seven regions (Beja, Bizerte, Cap-bon, Jendouba, Kairouan, Siliana, and Zaghouan) of Tunisia. Around 4,000 random samples were collected from 34 fields (100 to 200 samples per field). Samples were tested by tissue-blot immunoassay procedure (2) at the Virology Laboratory of INRAT for the presence of 14 different viruses. All antisera used were specific, including those for Faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (1) and Beet western yellows virus (BWYV) (ATCC-PVAS-647). Broad bean mottle, a beetle-transmitted and seedborne virus, was the most abundant with an average incidence of 2.3%. The highest disease incidence occurred with BWYV, which was in 20 and FBNYV in 4 of 98 random samples from a field in the Siliana region; and with BWYV in 7 and BBMV in 21 of 120 samples from a field in the Jendouba region. Other viruses such as broad bean stain, cucumber mosaic, and bean leaf roll were detected rarely (<1%). This is the first record of FBNYV and BWYV infecting faba bean in Tunisia. BWYV was detected in 1.2% of the samples tested collected from 20 fields comprising all seven regions. FBNYV was detected in 0.9% of the samples tested collected from 13 fields comprising all except the Capbon region. References: (1) A. Franz et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 128:255, 1996. (2) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994.

scholarly journals Seed Borne Nature of Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) in Blackgram in Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
K. Kamesh Krishnamoorthy ◽  
V. G. Malathi ◽  
P. Renukadevi ◽  
S. Mohan Kumar ◽  
M. Raveendran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Agroclimatic Zones

The yellow mosaic disease of blackgram caused by Mungbean yellow mosaic virus has emerged as a serious threat to pulses production especially in the South Eastern Asia.  Seed borne nature of MYMV in blackgram seeds was determined using the seeds harvested from a MYMV resistant (either VBN-6 or VBN-8) and susceptible blackgram (CO-5) varieties grown in three different agroclimatic zones of Tamil Nadu in India for three consecutive cropping seasons namely, Rabi 2018 (October- December), Summer 2019 (March-May) and Kharif 2019 (June- August) at three different time intervals viz., 20, 40 and 60 days after sowing (DAS). Seed borne nature of MYMV was observed only in the susceptible variety CO-5 and was absent in the   resistant varieties. Transmission of MYMV from infected plant to seeds was observed in all the three parts of the seeds viz., seed coat, cotyledon and embryo. Seeds from infected plants also showed abnormalities like shrinking, discolouration, ill filling inside pods and misshapen appearance.

scholarly journals First Report of Pea enation mosaic virus Infecting Pea and Broad Bean in Spain

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 1469-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tornos ◽  
M. C. Cebrián ◽  
M. C. Córdoba-Sellés ◽  
A. Alfaro-Fernández ◽  
J. A. Herrera-Vásquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
First Report ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Pea Enation Mosaic Virus

During the spring of 2007, pea plants (Pisum sativum L.) (cvs. Utrillo and Floreta) showing virus-like symptoms were observed in several commercial fields in the southern and eastern regions of Catalonia, Spain. Incidence of symptomatic plants ranged from 5 to 15% and was distributed in both small and large patches. Infected plants exhibited yellow mosaic leaf symptoms that later became translucent. Leaves gradually curled and in some cases developed enations near the veins on the abaxial surface. Plants were “bushy” and had shortened internodes. Infection prior to pod formation resulted in pods that were distorted and stunted (1). The infected leaves and pods were tested by indirect-ELISA with a potyvirus-specific antibody (Agdia, Elkhart, IN) and double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA with antibodies specific to Pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV), Broad bean wilt virus 1 (BBWV-1), Beet western yellow virus (BWYV), Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) (Loewe Biochemica GmbH, Sauerlach, Germany). PEMV was detected in all 24 symptomatic samples that were collected from 10 locations between March 2007 and March 2008. Thirteen of these samples also tested positive for BWYV, but no differences in symptom expression were observed in plants infected with both viruses or PEMV alone. PEMV was also identified in seven broad bean plants (Vicia faba L.) from three additional locations. These plants expressed interveinal yellow mosaic on leaves and deformed pods. The genomic sequence of PEMV-1 (GenBank Accession No. L04573) was used to design primers to amplify a 451-nt segment of the polymerase gene by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR; PEMV-D (5′-TGACCATGAGTCCACTGAGG-3′), PEMV-R (5′-AGTATCTTCCAACAACCACAT-3′). One ELISA-positive sample was analyzed and the expected size amplicon was generated. Direct sequencing (GenBank Accession No. EU652339) revealed that PEMV-1 and our pea isolate have nucleotide sequence identities of 95%. To our knowledge, this is the first report of PEMV in Spain, which might cause important economical losses since PEMV is an important viral disease of pea and other legumes worldwide. Reference: (1) J. S. Skaf and G. A. Zoeten. No. 372 (No. 257 revised) in: Description of Plant Viruses. AAB, Kew, Surrey, England, 2000.

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