scholarly journals Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus Alters Insect Vectors' Host Orientation Preferences to Enhance Spread and Increase Rice ragged stunt virus Co-Infection

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Wang ◽  
Donglin Xu ◽  
Lingling Pu ◽  
Guohui Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Host Preference ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Virus Spread ◽  
Sogatella Furcifera ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Rice Ragged Stunt Virus

In recent years, Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), a tentative species in the genus Fijivirus (family Reoviridae), has spread rapidly and caused serious rice losses in eastern and southeastern Asia. With this virus spread, Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV, genus Oryzavirus, family Reoviridae) became more common in southern China, usually in co-infection with the former. SRBSDV and RRSV are transmitted by two different species of planthoppers, white-backed planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera) and brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens), respectively, in a persistent, circulative, propagative manner. In this study, using a Y-shape olfactometer-based device, we tested the host preference of three types of macropterous WBPH adults for healthy or SRBSDV-infected rice plants. The results showed that virus-free WBPHs significantly preferred infected rice plants to healthy plants, whereas both the viruliferous and nonviruliferous WBPHs preferred healthy plants to infected plants. In additional tests, we found that the BPHs significantly preferred healthy plants when they were virus free, whereas RRSV-carrying BPHs preferred SRBSDV-infected rice plants. From these findings, we propose that plant viruses may alter host selection preference of vectors to enhance their spread and that of insects vectoring another virus to result in co-infection with more than one virus.

scholarly journals Synergism Between Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus and Rice ragged stunt virus Enhances Their Insect Vector Acquisition

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 794-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Li ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Guohui Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Sogatella Furcifera ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
The Family ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Rice Ragged Stunt Virus

Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), a tentative species in the genus Fijivirus, family Reoviridae, is a novel rice virus transmitted by the white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera). Since its discovery in 2001, SRBSDV has spread rapidly throughout eastern and southeastern Asia and caused large rice losses in China and Vietnam. Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) (genus Oryzavirus, family Reoviridae) is a common rice virus vectored by the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens). RRSV is also widely distributed in eastern and southeastern Asia but has not previously caused serious problems in China owing to its low incidence. With SRBSDV's spread, however, RRSV has become increasingly common in China, and is frequently found in co-infection with SRBSDV. In this study, we show that SRBSDV and RRSV interact synergistically, the first example of synergism between plant viruses in the family Reoviridae. Rice plants co-infected with both viruses displayed enhanced stunting, earlier symptoms, and higher virus titers compared with singly infected plants. Furthermore, white-backed and brown planthoppers acquired SRBSDV and RRSV, respectively, from co-infected plants at higher rates. We propose that increased RRSV incidence in Chinese fields is partly due to synergism between SRBSDV and RRSV.

scholarly journals Ketahanan padi (Oryza sativa L.) varietas IPB 3S terhadap wereng batang cokelat (Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Andi Nurdaaniyah ◽  
Dadang Dadang ◽  
I Wayan Winasa
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
High Loss ◽  
Rice Plants

<p>Brown planthopper (<em>Nilaparvata lugens</em> (Stål)) is one of the major rice insect pests that is known to cause high loss of rice production. One of the strategies to control this pest is by using resistant rice varieties. The aim of this research was to study the resistance of IPB 3S variety to BPH by measuring BPH fecundity, sex ratio, feeding activity as well as population increase compared to Ciherang variety against brown planthopper (<em>N. lugens</em>). Fecundity test used a pair of BPH adult infested on 21 days after planting (DAP) of rice plants. Eggs laid in rice stalks and the rest of eggs in the ovary were counted. In order to know the change of sex ratio, a pair of BPH adults was infested on 30 DAP rice plants and allowed to lay eggs. The calculation of sex ratio was conducted at adult stage of BPH by segregation between male and female adults. Feeding activity of BPH was evaluated using ninhydrin and analyzed qualitatively using spectrophotometer. Ten fourth instar nymphs of BPH was infested on 30 DAP old of rice seedlings. Honeydew secreted by BPH was collected to filter paper sprayed with ninhydrin. Population increased test was conducted by infesting five pairs of BPH adults on 35 DAP old rice plants. Observations was conducted on nymph and adult stages. Each test was replicated 10 times. In general, IPB 3S is slightly resistant to BPH, compared to Ciherang variety. The feeding activity of BPH is higher in Ciherang compared to IPB3S. However, the fecundity and population increased of BPH in Ciherang is similar to IPB3S.</p>

scholarly journals Stable Establishment of Cardinium spp. in the Brown Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens despite Decreased Host Fitness

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong-Pu Li ◽  
Chun-Ying Zhou ◽  
Si-Si Zha ◽  
Jun-Tao Gong ◽  
Zhiyong Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Maternal Transmission ◽  
Sogatella Furcifera ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Major Pest

ABSTRACT The brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera) is a major pest of rice crops in Asia. Artificial transinfections of Wolbachia have recently been used for reducing host impacts, but transinfections have not yet been undertaken with another important endosymbiont, Cardinium. This endosymbiont can manipulate the reproduction of hosts through phenotypes such as cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), which is strong in the related white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera). Here, we stably infected N. lugens with Cardinium from S. furcifera and showed that it exhibits perfect maternal transmission in N. lugens. The density of Cardinium varied across developmental stages and tissues of the transinfected host. Cardinium did not induce strong CI in N. lugens, likely due to its low density in testicles. The infection did decrease fecundity and hatching rate in the transinfected host, but a decrease in fecundity was not apparent when transinfected females mated with Wolbachia-infected males. The experiments show the feasibility of transferring Cardinium endosymbionts across hosts, but the deleterious effects of Cardinium on N. lugens limit its potential to spread in wild populations of N. lugens in the absence of strong CI. IMPORTANCE In this study we established a Cardinium-infected N. lugens line that possessed complete maternal transmission. Cardinium had a widespread distribution in tissues of N. lugens, and this infection decreased the fecundity and hatching rate of the host. Our findings emphasize the feasibility of transinfection of Cardinium in insects, which expands the range of endosymbionts that could be manipulated for pest control.

β-Glucosidase treatment and infestation by the rice brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens elicit similar signaling pathways in rice plants

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Wang ◽  
GuoXin Zhou ◽  
CaiYu Xiang ◽  
MengHao Du ◽  
JiaAn Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Rice Plants

Imidacloprid-induced transference effect on some elements in rice plants and the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samer Azzam ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Jin-Cai Wu ◽  
Jin Geng ◽  
Guo-Qing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Rice Plants

Numerical model simulations of brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens and white-backed planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) migration

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Turner ◽  
Y.-H. Song ◽  
K.-B. Uhm
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Sogatella Furcifera ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Insect Movement ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
Flight Level

AbstractThis paper reports on the performance of an atmospheric numerical model called BLAYER which has been adapted to forecast the movement of migrant brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) and white-backed planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horvarth) populations from China to Korea. Comparison of model forecasts with trapping data for the 1987 and 1988 migration seasons indicated: (i) that the model is capable of successfully simulating the movement of planthoppers to Korea; (ii) that the model has sufficient detail to simulate insect movement into different regions of Korea; (iii) the source region for early season migrants is most likely to be south-eastern China (i.e. south of 25°N and east of 115°E); (iv) later season migrants may not necessarily always originate from an expanded northward region (south of 30°N); (v) the flight level of migrants may vary from about 500 to 2000 m altitude from one migration episode to another; and (vi) flight times ranging between 24 and 45 h are required to explain the migratory influxes. The results reported here have led to BLAYER forecasts of planthopper migration being produced on an operational basis within Korea.

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