Dose‐responses of whole body protein turnover with increasing protein intake after an acute bout of resistance exercise in young men

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Moore ◽  
Jessica L. Fry ◽  
Meghann J. Robinson ◽  
Joseph W. Hartman ◽  
Stuart M. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Dose Responses

Effect of variable protein intake on whole-body protein turnover in young men and women

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
D L Pannemans ◽  
D Halliday ◽  
K R Westerterp ◽  
A D Kester
Keyword(s):  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Men And Women

Resistance training reduces whole-body protein turnover and improves net protein retention in untrained young males

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Hartman ◽  
Daniel R. Moore ◽  
Stuart M. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Protein Retention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Net Protein ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen

It is thought that resistance exercise results in an increased need for dietary protein; however, data also exists to support the opposite conclusion. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of resistance exercise training on protein metabolism in novices with the hypothesis that resistance training would reduce protein turnover and improve whole-body protein retention. Healthy males (n = 8, 22 ± 1 y, BMI = 25.3 ± 1.8 kg·m–2) participated in a progressive whole-body split routine resistance-training program 5d/week for 12 weeks. Before (PRE) and after (POST) the training, oral [15N]-glycine ingestion was used to assess nitrogen flux (Q), protein synthesis (PS), protein breakdown (PB), and net protein balance (NPB = PS – PB). Macronutrient intake was controlled over a 5d period PRE and POST, while estimates of protein turnover and urinary nitrogen balance (Nbal = Nin – urine Nout) were conducted. Bench press and leg press increased 40% and 50%, respectively (p < 0.01). Fat- and bone-free mass (i.e., lean muscle mass) increased from PRE to POST (2.5 ± 0.8 kg, p < 0.05). Significant PRE to POST decreases (p <0.05) occurred in Q (0.9 ± 0.1 vs. 0.6 ± 0.1 g N·kg–1·d–1), PS (4.6 ± 0.7 vs. 2.9 ± 0.3 g·kg–1·d–1), and PB (4.3 ± 0.7 vs. 2.4 ± 0.2 g·kg–1·d–1). Significant training-induced increases in both NPB (PRE = 0.22 ± 0.13 g·kg–1·d–1; POST = 0.54 ± 0.08 g·kg–1·d–1) and urinary nitrogen balance (PRE = 2.8 ± 1.7 g N·d–1; POST = 6.5 ± 0.9 g N·d–1) were observed. A program of resistance training that induced significant muscle hypertrophy resulted in reductions of both whole-body PS and PB, but an improved NPB, which favoured the accretion of skeletal muscle protein. Urinary nitrogen balance increased after training. The reduction in PS and PB and a higher NPB in combination with an increased nitrogen balance after training suggest that dietary requirements for protein in novice resistance-trained athletes are not higher, but lower, after resistance training.

scholarly journals Impact of habituated dietary protein intake on fasting and postprandial whole-body protein turnover and splanchnic amino acid metabolism in elderly men: a randomized, controlled, crossover trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 1468-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grith Højfeldt ◽  
Jacob Bülow ◽  
Jakob Agergaard ◽  
Ali Asmar ◽  
Peter Schjerling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Protein Absorption ◽  
Fasted State

ABSTRACT Background Efficacy of protein absorption and subsequent amino acid utilization may be reduced in the elderly. Higher protein intakes have been suggested to counteract this. Objectives We aimed to elucidate how habituated amounts of protein intake affect the fasted state of, and the stimulatory effect of a protein-rich meal on, protein absorption, whole-body protein turnover, and splanchnic amino acid metabolism. Methods Twelve men (65–70 y) were included in a double-blinded crossover intervention study, consisting of a 20-d habituation period to a protein intake at the RDA or a high amount [1.1 g · kg lean body mass (LBM)−1 · d−1 or &gt;2.1 g · kg LBM−1 · d−1, respectively], each followed by an experimental trial with a primed, constant infusion of D8-phenylalanine and D2-tyrosine. Arterial and hepatic venous blood samples were obtained after an overnight fast and repeatedly 4 h after a standardized meal including intrinsically labeled whey protein concentrate and calcium-caseinate proteins. Blood was analyzed for amino acid concentrations and phenylalanine and tyrosine tracer enrichments from which whole-body and splanchnic amino acid and protein kinetics were calculated. Results High (compared with the recommended amount of) protein intake resulted in a higher fasting whole-body protein turnover with a resultant mean ± SEM 0.03 ± 0.01 μmol · kg LBM−1 · min−1 lower net balance (P &lt; 0.05), which was not rescued by the intake of a protein-dense meal. The mean ± SEM plasma protein fractional synthesis rate was 0.13 ± 0.06%/h lower (P &lt; 0.05) after habituation to high protein. Furthermore, higher fasting and postprandial amino acid removal were observed after habituation to high protein, yielding higher urea excretion and increased phenylalanine oxidation rates (P &lt; 0.01). Conclusions Three weeks of habituation to high protein intake (&gt;2.1 g protein · kg LBM−1 · d−1) led to a significantly higher net protein loss in the fasted state. This was not compensated for in the 4-h postprandial period after intake of a meal high in protein. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02587156.

scholarly journals The Effect of an Increase of Protein Intake on Whole-Body Protein Turnover in Elderly Women Is Tracer Dependent

1997 ◽  
Vol 127 (9) ◽  
pp. 1788-1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne L. E. Pannemans ◽  
Anton J. M. Wagenmakers ◽  
Klaas R. Westerterp, ◽  
Gertjan Schaafsma ◽  
Dave Halliday
Keyword(s):  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Protein

Dietary protein requirements and body protein metabolism in endurance-trained men

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 2850-2856 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N. Meredith ◽  
M. J. Zackin ◽  
W. R. Frontera ◽  
W. J. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Lower Physical Activity

The effects of regular submaximal exercise on dietary protein requirements, whole body protein turnover, and urinary 3-methylhistidine were determined in six young (26.8 +/- 1.2 yr) and six middle-aged (52.0 +/- 1.9 yr) endurance-trained men. They consumed 0.6, 0.9, or 1.2 g.kg-1.day-1 of high-quality protein over three separate 10-day periods, while maintaining training and constant body weight. Nitrogen measurements in diet, urine, and stool and estimated sweat and miscellaneous nitrogen losses showed that they were all in negative nitrogen balance at a protein intake of 0.6 g.kg-1.day-1. The estimated protein requirement was 0.94 +/- 0.05 g.kg-1.day-1 for the 12 men, with no effect of age. Whole body protein turnover, using [15N]glycine as a tracer, and 3-methylhistidine excretion were not different in the two groups, despite lower physical activity of the middle-aged men. Protein intake affected whole body protein flux and synthesis but not 3-methylhistidine excretion. These data show that habitual endurance exercise was associated with dietary protein needs greater than the current Recommended Dietary Allowance of 0.8 g.kg-1.day-1. However, whole body protein turnover and 3-methylhistidine excretion were not different from values reported for sedentary men.

scholarly journals Protein intake and yoga influence whole body protein turnover in middle‐aged women

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Colletto ◽  
Jose Rodriguez ◽  
Jeffrey DelFavero ◽  
Nancy Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Body Protein

Influence of Dietary Protein Intake on Whole-Body Protein Turnover in Humans

Diabetes Care ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1189-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Garlick ◽  
M. A. McNurlan ◽  
P. E. Ballmer
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Body Protein

scholarly journals Effects of long-term protein excess or deficiency on whole-body protein turnover in sheep nourished by intragastric infusion of nutrients

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 829-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Liu ◽  
G. E. Lobley ◽  
N. A. Macleod ◽  
D. J. Kyle ◽  
X.B. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Fractional Rate ◽  
The Difference

The effect of long-term dietary protein excess and deficit on whole-body protein-N turnover (WBPNT) was examined in lambs nourished by intragastric infusions of nutrients. Ten sheep were given 500 mg N/kg metabolic weight (W0.75) per d from casein for 2 weeks and then either 50 (L), 500 (M) or 1500 (H) mg N/kgW0.75per d for 6 weeks. Volatile fatty acids were infused at 500 kJ/kgW0.75per d. Daily WBPNT was measured by continuous intravenous infusion of [l-13C]leucine 3 d before, and on days 2, 21 and 42 after the alteration in protein intake. Whole-body protein-N synthesis (WBPNS) was calculated as the difference between WBPNT and the protein-N losses as urinary NH3and urea. Whole-body protein-N degradation (WBPNS) was then estimated from WBPNS minus protein gain determined from N balance. Fractional rates of WBPNS and WBPND were calculated against fleece-free body N content. WBPNS rates at the L, M and H intakes were respectively 35·1, 41·5 amd 6·37 g/d (P< 0.001) on average over the 6 weeks and WBPND rates were 39·5, 41·1 and 56·8 g/d (P< 0.001). The fractional rates of WBPNS were 5·01, 6·37 and 7·73% per d (P< 0.001) while those of WBPND were 5·64, 6·29 and 6·81% per d (P< 0.005) respectively. On days 2, 21 and 42, WBPNS rates at intake H were 54·0, 61·8 and 75·4 g/d (P= 0·03) respectively, and WBPND rates were 43·2, 56·4 and 70·9 g/d (P= 0.03); at intake L the amounts were 38·2, 34·2 and 32·8 g/d for WBPNS (P= 0.003) and for WBPND were 43·4, 38·0 and 36·9 g/d (P= 0·016) respectively. There were no significant (P> 0·05) differences in fractional rates of WBPNS and WBPND with time at either the L or H intake. We concluded that absolute protein turnover was affected both by dietary protein intake and by body condition while the fractional rate of turnover was predominantly influenced by intake.

scholarly journals Daytime pattern of post-exercise protein intake affects whole-body protein turnover in resistance-trained males

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R Moore ◽  
Jose Areta ◽  
Vernon G Coffey ◽  
Trent Stellingwerff ◽  
Stuart M Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Post Exercise
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