scholarly journals Meta‐Regression Analysis of the Effect of Trans Fatty Acids (TFAs) on LDL‐Cholesterol

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Vincent ◽  
Bruce Allen ◽  
DeAnn Liska ◽  
Michael Dourson ◽  
Lynne Haber
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Meta Regression Analysis

scholarly journals Meta-regression analysis of the effects of dietary cholesterol intake on LDL and HDL cholesterol

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J Vincent ◽  
Bruce Allen ◽  
Orsolya M Palacios ◽  
Lynne T Haber ◽  
Kevin C Maki
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Intake ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Meta Regression Analysis

ABSTRACTBackgroundElevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Dietary guidance recommends reducing saturated fatty acid, trans fatty acid, and cholesterol intakes to reduce circulating LDL cholesterol. Cholesterol intake may also affect high-density lipoprotein (HDL)–cholesterol concentrations, but its impact has not been fully quantified.ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to investigate the dose-response relation between changes in dietary cholesterol intake and changes in lipoprotein-cholesterol markers for cardiovascular disease risk and to provide a reference for clinicians on how changes in dietary cholesterol intake affect circulating cholesterol concentrations, after accounting for intakes of fatty acids.MethodsWe used a Bayesian approach to meta-regression analysis, which uses Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques, to assess the relation between the change in dietary cholesterol (adjusted for dietary fatty acids) and changes in LDL and HDL cholesterol based on the use of data from randomized dietary intervention trials.ResultsFifty-five studies (2652 subjects) were included in the analysis. The nonlinear Michaelis-Menten (MM) and Hill models best described the data across the full spectrum of dietary cholesterol changes studied (0–1500 mg/d). Mean predicted changes in LDL cholesterol for an increase of 100 mg dietary cholesterol/d were 1.90, 4.46, and 4.58 mg/dL for the linear, nonlinear MM, and Hill models, respectively.ConclusionsThe change in dietary cholesterol was positively associated with the change in LDL-cholesterol concentration. The linear and MM models indicate that the change in dietary cholesterol is modestly inversely related to the change in circulating HDL-cholesterol concentrations in men but is positively related in women. The clinical implications of HDL-cholesterol changes associated with dietary cholesterol remain uncertain.

scholarly journals The Elasticity of Taxable Income: A Meta-Regression Analysis*

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Neisser
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Selective Reporting ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Taxable Income ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Elasticity Of Taxable Income ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Meta Regression Analysis ◽  
Key Parameter

Abstract The elasticity of taxable income (ETI) is a key parameter in tax policy analysis. To examine the large variation found in the literature of taxable and broad income elasticities, I conduct a comprehensive meta-regression analysis using information from 61 studies containing 1,720 estimates. My findings reveal that estimated elasticities are not immutable parameters. They are correlated with contextual factors and the choice of the empirical specification influences the estimated elasticities. Finally, selective reporting bias is prevalent, and the direction of bias depends on whether deductions are included in the tax base.

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