Changes in the Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve and Peripheral Blood after Acute Red Cell Mass Depletion and Subsequent Red Cell Mass Restoration in Baboons

Anaemia is only a symptom and not, in itself, a diagnosis. Its importance lies in the fact that it signals underlying disease which is often correctable. By definiton anaemia is a reduction in red cell mass and this is reflected in reduced haemoglobin, packed cell volume, or red cell count in the peripheral blood. To understand the mechanisms of its development normal blood formation must be briefly reviewed.

Download Full-text

Effect of verapamil on polycythaemia secondary to hypoxia in rats

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0730665 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 73 (6) ◽

pp. 665-667

Author(s):

A. R. Douglas ◽

J. C. Moore-Gillon ◽

J. W. S. Sheldon ◽

I. R. Cameron

Keyword(s):

Calcium Antagonist ◽

Intermittent Hypoxia ◽

Cell Mass ◽

Male Rats ◽

Red Cell ◽

Dissociation Curve ◽

Control Groups ◽

Rat Erythrocytes ◽

Red Cell Mass ◽

Normoxic Control

1. Polycythaemia occurs in man secondary to chronic hypoxaemia, and may lead to morbidity from hyperviscosity of the blood. Hypoxaemic rats develop similar changes. We have investigated the effect of the calcium antagonist verapamil upon the polycythaemic response to hypoxia in rats. 2. Control groups of 10 male rats breathed air in an environmental chamber for 28 days. Hypoxic groups breathed a normobaric atmosphere of 10% oxygen for 6 h each day, and air for the remaining 18 h. Control and hypoxic groups were treated with intraperitoneal or subcutaneous water, or with intraperitoneal or subcutaneous water plus verapamil. 3. On day 28, packed cell volume (PCV) was measured by a microhaematocrit technique and red cell mass (RCM) by dilution of injected 51Cr-labelled rat erythrocytes. 4. PCV and RCM were significantly higher in all the hypoxic groups compared with the control groups (P < 0.01 in each case). 5. PCV and RCM were significantly lower in the hypoxic groups treated with intraperitoneal or subcutaneous verapamil than in the hypoxic groups treated with intraperitoneal or subcutaneous water (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences between PCV and RCM in verapamil- and water-treated normoxic control groups. Verapamil had no effect on the shift of the oxygen/haemoglobin dissociation curve produced by hypoxia. 6. Verapamil reduces the polycythaemic response to repeated intermittent hypoxia in rats. Venesection is usually performed for excessive secondary polycythaemia in man. Our results suggest a possible therapeutic role for verapamil in such individuals.

Download Full-text

A development of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve analyzer

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1976.41.2.259 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 259-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

C. E. Hahn ◽

P. Foex ◽

C. M. Raynor

Keyword(s):

Dissociation Curve ◽

Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve ◽

Electrode Performance ◽

Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation

The development and improvement of an oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve analyzer is described. PO2 electrode performance was improved by electrochemical means and circuits are described for processing the PO2 and pH signalsfrom the analyzer. A circuit for automatically correcting the curve for Bohr shifts from pH 7.40 is described, and the performance of the Bohr shift unit is verified by experiment. The analyzer produces curves under standard conditions of PCO2 40 mmHg, pH 7.40, and 37 degrees C.

Download Full-text

Troglitazone has no effect on red cell mass or other erythropoietic parameters

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.1007/s002280050602 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 101-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

M. M. R. Young ◽

L. Squassante ◽

J. Wemer ◽

S. P. van Marle ◽

P. Dogterom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Mass ◽

Red Cell ◽

Red Cell Mass

Download Full-text

Calculation of O2 saturation and of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve for different species, using a new programmable pocket calculator

Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology ◽

10.1007/bf00581440 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 359 (4) ◽

pp. 285-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

J. Lutz ◽

H. -G. Schulze ◽

U. F. Michael

Keyword(s):

Dissociation Curve ◽

Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve ◽

Pocket Calculator ◽

Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation

Download Full-text

Comparison of Cerebrovascular Response to Hypoxic and Carbon Monoxide Hypoxia in Newborn and Adult Sheep

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism ◽

10.1038/jcbfm.1984.16 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 115-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Raymond C. Koehler ◽

Richard J. Traystman ◽

Scott Zeger ◽

Mark C. Rogers ◽

M. Douglas Jones

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Age Groups ◽

Hypoxic Hypoxia ◽

Dissociation Curve ◽

Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve ◽

Adult Sheep ◽

Control Value ◽

Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) responses to two types of isocapnic hypoxia, hypoxic hypoxia (HH) and carbon monoxide hypoxia (COH), were examined in seven unanesthetized adult sheep by the radiolabeled microsphere technique. Comparisons were made with newborn lambs (5–12 days old) previously studied under similar conditions. The arterial O2 content (Cao2) was reduced in a graded manner to 50–60% of the control value. During HH, CBF increased to maintain cerebral O2 delivery (Cao2 x CBF) in both adults and newborns; however, cerebral O2 uptake (CMRO2) did not change. Although CMRO2 was higher in newborns, the responses of CBF/CMRO2 to HH did not differ significantly in newborns and adults. In newborns, regional CBF showed that brainstem areas were particularly responsive to HH. In both age groups, CBF increased to a greater extent with COH than with HH for similar reductions in Cao2. This resulted in an increase in cerebral O2 delivery with COH. The degree to which COH differed from HH correlated with the magnitude of the leftward shift of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve that accompanies COH. In adults, CMRO2 fell by 16% with COH but was maintained in newborns. We conclude that maintenance of cerebral O2 delivery during acute, isocapnic HH is a property of CBF regulation common to both newborn and adult sheep. During COH, the position of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve is an additional factor that sets the level of O2 delivery. The fetal conditions of low Cao2 and a left-shifted oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve may have provided the newborn with a microcirculation better suited for maintaining CMRO2 during COH.

Download Full-text

Should Whole-Body Red Cell Mass Be Measured or Calculated?

Blood Cells Molecules and Diseases ◽

10.1006/bcmd.2000.0272 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 25-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Ingrid Balga ◽

Max Solenthaler ◽

Miha Furlan

Keyword(s):

Cell Mass ◽

Whole Body ◽

Red Cell ◽

Red Cell Mass

Download Full-text

Analysis of Red Cell Mass and Plasma Volume in Patients With Polycythemia

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2005-129-89-aorcma ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 129 (1) ◽

pp. 89-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mordechai Lorberboym ◽

Naomi Rahimi-Levene ◽

Helena Lipszyc ◽

Chun K. Kim

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Plasma Volume ◽

Cell Mass ◽

Mean Value ◽

Whole Body ◽

Red Cell ◽

Volume Data ◽

Red Cell Mass ◽

The Mean ◽

Iodine 125

Abstract Context.—Polycythemia describes an increased proportion of red blood cells in the peripheral blood. In absolute polycythemia, there is increased red cell mass (RCM) with normal plasma volume, in contrast with apparent polycythemia, in which there is increased or normal RCM and decreased plasma volume. In order to deliver the appropriate treatment it is necessary to differentiate between the two. Objective.—A retrospective analysis of RCM and plasma volume data are presented, with special attention to different methods of RCM interpretation. Design.—The measurements of RCM and plasma volume in 64 patients were compared with the venous and whole-body packed cell volume, and the incidence of absolute and apparent polycythemia was determined for increasing hematocrit levels. Measurements of RCM and plasma volume were performed using chromium 51–labeled red cells and iodine 125–labeled albumin, respectively. The measured RCM of each patient was expressed as a percentage of the mean expected RCM and was also defined as being within or outside the range of 2 SD of the mean. The results were also expressed in the traditional manner of mL/kg body weight. Results.—Twenty-one patients (13 women and 8 men) had absolute polycythemia. None of them had an increased plasma volume beyond 2 SD of the mean. When expressed according to the criteria of mL/kg body weight, 17 of the 21 patients had abnormally increased RCM, but 4 patients (19%) had a normal RCM value. Twenty-eight patients had apparent polycythemia. The remaining 15 patients had normal RCM and plasma volume. Conclusions.—The measurement of RCM and plasma volume is a simple and necessary procedure in the evaluation of polycythemia. In obese patients, the expression of RCM in mL/kg body weight lacks precision, considering that adipose tissue is hypovascular. The results of RCM are best described as being within or beyond 2 SD of the mean value.

Download Full-text