Familial risk factors and the familial aggregation of psychiatric disorders

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
KS Kendler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Familial Risk Factors

Familial risk factors and the familial aggregation of psychiatric disorders

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Kendler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Obstetric Injury ◽  
Familial Risk Factors

SynopsisAll major psychiatric disorders aggregate in families. For most disorders, both genes and environmental factors play an important role in this aggregation. While recent work has tended to concentrate on the importance of genetic factors, this report focuses on the potential importance of environmental risk factors which themselves aggregate in families. In particular, this article examines how much of the familial aggregation of a psychiatric disorder may result from the familial aggregation of a risk factor. The model is illustrated and then applied to putative familial risk factors for schizophrenia and depression. The results of the model suggest that if parental loss and exposure to pathogenic rearing practices are true risk factors for depression, then they could account for a significant proportion of the familial aggregation of depression. By contrast, the model predicts that even if obstetric injury and low social class are true risk factors for schizophrenia, they together would account for only a very small proportion of the tendency for schizophrenia to aggregate in families.

Familial Risk Factors for Adolescent Suicide

2005 ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
David A. Brent ◽  
Grace Moritz ◽  
Laura Liotus ◽  
Joy Schweers ◽  
Lisa Balach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Familial Risk Factors

scholarly journals Childhood family income, adolescent violent criminality and substance misuse: quasi-experimental total population study

2014 ◽  
Vol 205 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Sariaslan ◽  
Henrik Larsson ◽  
Brian D'Onofrio ◽  
Niklas Långström ◽  
Paul Lichtenstein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Income Quintile ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Familial Risk Factors ◽  
Family Based

BackgroundLow socioeconomic status in childhood is a well-known predictor of subsequent criminal and substance misuse behaviours but the causal mechanisms are questioned.AimsTo investigate whether childhood family income predicts subsequent violent criminality and substance misuse and whether the associations are in turn explained by unobserved familial risk factors.MethodNationwide Swedish quasi-experimental, family-based study following cohorts born 1989–1993 (ntotal = 526 167, ncousins = 262 267, nsiblings = 216 424) between the ages of 15 and 21 years.ResultsChildren of parents in the lowest income quintile experienced a seven-fold increased hazard rate (HR) of being convicted of violent criminality compared with peers in the highest quintile (HR = 6.78, 95% CI 6.23–7.38). This association was entirely accounted for by unobserved familial risk factors (HR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.44–2.03). Similar pattern of effects was found for substance misuse.ConclusionsThere were no associations between childhood family income and subsequent violent criminality and substance misuse once we had adjusted for unobserved familial risk factors.

scholarly journals Impact of familial risk factors on management and survival of early-onset breast cancer: a population-based study

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
H M Verkooijen ◽  
P O Chappuis ◽  
E Rapiti ◽  
G Vlastos ◽  
G Fioretta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Early Onset Breast Cancer ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Familial Risk Factors

Co-morbidity and familial aggregation of alcoholism and anxiety disorders

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. MERIKANGAS ◽  
D. E. STEVENS ◽  
B. FENTON ◽  
M. STOLAR ◽  
S. O'MALLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Family History Information ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
History Information ◽  
Familial Risk Factors

Background. This study examined the patterns of familial aggregation and co-morbidity of alcoholism and anxiety disorders in the relatives of 165 probands selected for alcoholism and/or anxiety disorders compared to those of 61 unaffected controls.Methods. Probands were either selected from treatment settings or at random from the community. DSM-III-R diagnoses were obtained for all probands and their 1053 first-degree relatives, based on direct interview or family history information.Results. The findings indicate that: (1) alcoholism was associated with anxiety disorders in the relatives, particularly among females; (2) both alcoholism and anxiety disorders were highly familial; (3) the familial aggregation of alcoholism was attributable to alcohol dependence rather than to alcohol abuse, particularly among male relatives; and (4) the pattern of co-aggregation of alcohol dependence and anxiety disorders in families differed according to the subtype of anxiety disorder; there was evidence of a partly shared diathesis underlying panic and alcoholism, whereas social phobia and alcoholism tended to aggregate independently.Conclusions. The finding that the onset of social phobia tended to precede that of alcoholism, when taken together with the independence of familial aggregation of social phobia and alcoholism support a self-medication hypothesis as the explanation for the co-occurrence of social phobia and alcoholism. In contrast, the lack of a systematic pattern in the order of onset of panic and alcoholism among subjects with both disorders as well as evidence for shared underlying familial risk factors suggests that co-morbidity between panic disorder and alcoholism is not a consequence of self-medication of panic symptoms. The results of this study emphasize the importance of examining co-morbid disorders and subtypes thereof in identifying sources of heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of alcoholism.

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