Comparative Immunohistochemical Analysis of Granulosa and Sertoli Components in Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors with Mixed Differentiation: Potential Implications for Derivation of Sertoli Differentiation in Ovarian Tumors

Abstract Objective.—Anti–inhibin α and inhibin/activin βA subunit and anti-CD99 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have recently been demonstrated to be able to label ovarian granulosa cells; thus, they may be of value in the diagnosis of granulosa cell tumors. The present study aimed to determine what combination of these mAbs may be useful for the differential diagnosis of sex cord–stromal tumors of ovary. Design.—Immunohistochemical analyses with anti–inhibin α and inhibin/activin βA subunit antibody and anti-CD99 mAb were performed on 42 ovarian tumors, including sex cord–stromal tumors (29), ovarian epithelial cancers (10), and Krukenberg tumors (3). Results.—All sex cord–stromal tumors were positive for inhibin α subunit, and 17 cases (58.6%) of sex cord–stromal tumors were immunoreactive for inhibin/activin βA subunit. Epithelial tumors and Krukenberg tumors were all negative for inhibin/activin βA subunit except mucinous carcinoma, which showed strong cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. All sex cord–stromal tumors except one granulosa cell tumor showed membranous staining for CD99. A case of serous carcinoma and a case of mucinous carcinoma were positive for CD99, and the remaining epithelial tumors and Krukenberg tumor were all negative for CD99. Conclusions.—The results of immunohistochemical analysis, together with literature review, suggest that inhibin α subunit may be a useful diagnostic marker for sex cord–stromal tumor of the ovary. In addition, anti-CD99 antibody may be useful for the differential diagnosis between ovarian tumors. Inhibin/activin βA subunit has a limited usefulness in the differential diagnosis of ovarian tumor because of its wider immunoreactivity for both sex cord–stromal tumors and mucinous carcinomas. The differential diagnosis of sex cord–stromal tumors of the ovary would be better made with a combined use of both anti–inhibin α subunit and anti-CD99 mAbs.

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Distribution of various histopathological types of ovarian tumors: A study of 212 cases from a tertiary care center of Eastern Uttar Pradesh

Journal of Laboratory Physicians ◽

10.4103/jlp.jlp_117_18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (01) ◽

pp. 075-081 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Neha Gupta ◽

Mahima Yadav ◽

Vikas Gupta ◽

Deepshikha Chaudhary ◽

Shashikant C. U. Patne

Keyword(s):

Germ Cell ◽

Who Classification ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Serous Cystadenoma ◽

Ovarian Tumors ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

Sex Cord Stromal Tumors

Abstract BACKGROUND: Ovarian tumors are one of the leading cancers in females with variable pathological types. This study describes the distribution, clinical and pathological details of various histopathological types of ovarian tumors in a tertiary care hospital in North India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective data of 3 years were collected for ovarian tumors submitted to the pathology department of a tertiary care hospital. Data were classified according to the latest World Health Organization (WHO) Classification into epithelial tumors, germ cell tumors, sex cord–stromal tumors, and others. RESULTS: A total of 212 cases of ovarian tumors were studied, 186 were unilateral and 26 were bilateral. Resection specimen, part of specimen, and block review formed 80.2%, 15.1%, 4.7%, respectively. Epithelial tumors formed the majority in 71.7% of cases followed by germ cell tumors (22.2%), sex cord–stromal tumors (3.8%) and others (2.3%). Maximum number of cases in the respective groups occurred in the age groups 31–40, 21–30, 51–60, and 41–50 years, respectively. Overall, benign tumors were 63.7%, malignant tumors were 31.1%, and borderline were 5.2%. The most common histopathological type of benign and malignant tumor was benign serous cystadenoma (18.8%) and serous carcinoma (9.9%), respectively. CONCLUSION: In the present study, ovarian tumors were classified according to the WHO classification, epithelial and germ cell tumors were the major types of ovarian tumors. Benign epithelial tumor formed the majority with 46.2% cases. Serous cystadenoma and mature cystic teratoma were the predominant type of epithelial and germ cell tumors, respectively.

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Borderline Epithelial Ovarian Tumors, Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors, and Germ Cell Tumors

Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer Series: Ovarian Cancer ◽

10.1016/b978-1-4160-4685-1.50016-0 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 193-220

Author(s):

J. Stuart Ferriss ◽

Erin R. King ◽

Susan C. Modesitt

Keyword(s):

Germ Cell ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Ovarian Tumors ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

Sex Cord Stromal Tumors

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Preoperative Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Non-epithelial Ovarian Tumors: Clinical Features and Tumor Markers

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1712993 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (09) ◽

pp. 555-561

Author(s):

Tiago Augusto Gomes ◽

Elizabeth Aparecida Campos ◽

Adriana Yoshida ◽

Luís Otavio Sarian ◽

Liliana Aparecida Lucci de Angelo Andrade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Germ Cell ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Ovarian Tumors ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

Fertility Sparing ◽

Sex Cord Stromal Tumors ◽

Sex Cord Stromal Tumor

Abstract Objective To evaluate the role of clinical features and preoperative measurement of cancer antigen 125 (CA125), human epididymis protein (HE4), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) serum levels in women with benign and malignant non-epithelial ovarian tumors. Methods One hundred and nineteen consecutive women with germ cell, sex cord-stromal, and ovarian leiomyomas were included in this study. The preoperative levels of biomarkers were measured, and then surgery and histopathological analysis were performed. Information about the treatment and disease recurrence were obtained from the medical files of patients. Results Our sample included 71 women with germ cell tumors (64 benign and 7 malignant), 46 with sex cord-stromal tumors (32 benign and 14 malignant), and 2 with ovarian leiomyomas. Among benign germ cell tumors, 63 were mature teratomas, and, among malignant, four were immature teratomas. The most common tumors in the sex cord-stromal group were fibromas (benign) and granulosa cell tumor (malignant). The biomarker serum levels were not different among benign and malignant non-epithelial ovarian tumors. Fertility-sparing surgeries were performed in 5 (71.4%) women with malignant germ cell tumor. Eleven (78.6%) patients with malignant sex cord-stromal tumors were treated with fertility-sparing surgeries. Five women (71.4%) with germ cell tumors and only 1 (7.1%) with sex cord-stromal tumor were treated with chemotherapy. One woman with germ cell tumor recurred and died of the disease and one woman with sex cord-stromal tumor recurred. Conclusion Non-epithelial ovarian tumors were benign in the majority of cases, and the malignant cases were diagnosed at initial stages with good prognosis. The measurements of CA125, HE4, and CEA serum levels were not useful in the preoperative diagnosis of these tumors.

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MR findings of ovarian tumors with hormonal activity, with emphasis on tumors other than sex cord-stromal tumors

European Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.02.027 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 317-327 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Yumiko Oishi Tanaka ◽

Tsukasa Sasaki Saida ◽

Rie Minami ◽

Takako Yagi ◽

Hajime Tsunoda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Tumors ◽

Hormonal Activity ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

Sex Cord Stromal Tumors

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Ovarian Fibroma with Serous Cystadenoma—An Unusual Combination: A Case Report

Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1155/2012/641085 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. S. Jayalakshmy ◽

Usha Poothiode ◽

G. Krishna ◽

P. L. Jayalakshmy

Keyword(s):

English Literature ◽

Mucinous Cystadenoma ◽

Ovarian Tumour ◽

Serous Cystadenoma ◽

Ovarian Tumors ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

Extensive Search ◽

Different Types ◽

Serous Tumors ◽

Sex Cord Stromal Tumors

Surface epithelial tumors account for more than 90% of ovarian tumors, of which serous tumors comprise 46%. Sex-cord stromal tumors constitute 8% of ovarian tumors, fibroma being the commonest, comprising 70% in this category. Combination of different types of tumors can occur in ovary with most common being Mucinous cystadenoma and Brenner tumour. We report a case of a very rare combination of ovarian tumour-Fibroma with Serous cystadenoma of the ovary. This combination is not mentioned in any standard textbooks or reference books of gynaecologic pathology. Extensive search of the English Literature showed only one reported case with this combination of ovarian tumors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case to be reported in English Literature.

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Sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary: road map for progress

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1136/ijgc-2020-002329 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 169-170

Author(s):

R. Tyler Hillman ◽

David Gershenson

Keyword(s):

Stromal Tumors ◽

Road Map ◽

Sex Cord Stromal Tumors

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Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors: an update on clinical features, molecular changes, and management

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1136/ijgc-2020-002018 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. ijgc-2020-002018

Author(s):

Rehab Al Harbi ◽

Iain A McNeish ◽

Mona El-Bahrawy

Keyword(s):

Hormonal Therapy ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Therapeutic Modality ◽

Biological Behavior ◽

Molecular Changes ◽

Histological Features ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

Tumor Subtypes ◽

Tumor Types ◽

Sex Cord Stromal Tumors

Sex cord stromal-tumors are rare tumors of the ovary that include numerous tumor subtypes of variable histological features and biological behavior. Surgery is the main therapeutic modality for the management of these tumors, while chemotherapy and hormonal therapy may be used in some patients with progressive and recurrent tumors. Several studies investigated molecular changes in the different tumor types. Understanding molecular changes underlying the development and progression of sex cord-stromal tumors provides valuable information for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for these tumors. In this review, we provide an update on the clinical presentation, molecular changes, and management of sex cord-stromal tumors.

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