Psychosocial Functioning in a Prepubertal and Early Adolescent Bipolar Disorder Phenotype

Abstract Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, recurrent and chronic disorder associated with cognitive impairment, reduction in quality of life and substantially reduction in psychosocial functioning. It presents high rates of comorbidity with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Individuals with bipolar disorder need to focus their attention and treatment on mental and physical health. Physical exercise is often recommended in bipolar disorder, based on extrapolation from the major depressive disorder literature, theory and clinical expertise. However, studies tend to exclude individuals with BD or make no distinction between diagnostic groups, which leads to heterogeneity and difficulty in generalizing the results. The aim of this review is to evaluate the role of physical exercise as an intervention in bipolar disorder treatment. Method: The study populations must be humans, aged 18 years or older, with a clinical diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder (BD) according to a recognised widely-used diagnostic classification approach, confirmed with a structured interview. We will evaluate two main outcomes (mood symptoms improvement and functioning) and an additional outcome (prevention of relapse/recurrence). The search strategy will be based on the PICOS framework, using medical subject headings, on the following databases: MEDLINE (via Pubmed), EMBASE, CENTRAL, SPORTDiscus (via EBSCO), PsycINFO (via APA) and OpenGrey Repository. Selection and data collection process will be carried out by two authors, independently. Risk of bias and quality of evidence will be graded acording ROB-2 and GRADE. We will present a narrative and quantitative synthesis of the results from the included studies. Regarding quantitative data, we will extract means (M) and standard deviations (SD), when available, to calculate the standardised mean difference (SMD). Effects size will be calculated using SMD and 95% confidence interval and heterogeneity will be assessed. Subgroup analysis will be conducted to explore heterogeneity across studies depending on quality and quantity of the data extracted.Discussion: To date, there wasn't a systematic review with only randomized controlled trials on effects of physical activity on BD. Because of this, we will conduct this systematic review trying to estabilish the effects of exercise on mood, functionality and prevention of relapse.Registration: submitted

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1.42 ON THE BORDER: PSYCHOSOCIAL FUNCTIONING OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AT RISK FOR BIPOLAR DISORDER

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.jaac.2019.08.064 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 58 (10) ◽

pp. S160

Author(s):

Sarah L. Martin ◽

Michael A. Escamilla ◽

Carla Alvarado ◽

Cecilia C. De Vargas ◽

Carlos J. Garcia Ramirez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Psychosocial Functioning

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Early Adolescents' Physical Organismic Characteristics and Psychosocial Functioning: Findings from the Pennsylvania Early Adolescent Transitions Study (PEATS)

10.4324/9781003217992-13 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 225-247

Author(s):

Kathleen Lenerz ◽

Joseph S. Kucher ◽

Patricia L. East ◽

Jacqueline V. Lerner ◽

Richard M. Lerner

Keyword(s):

Psychosocial Functioning ◽

Early Adolescents ◽

Early Adolescent

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Impulsivity as a Clinical Marker for Bipolar Affective Disorder

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa054.028 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

A M Omar ◽

A N Elbatrawy ◽

W M Sabry ◽

H A Elkholy ◽

W A Farrag

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Affective Disorder ◽

Behavioral Problems ◽

Psychosocial Functioning ◽

Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽

Bipolar Disorders ◽

First Degree Relatives ◽

Adult Psychiatry ◽

Healthy Functioning ◽

Substantial Morbidity

Abstract Background Bipolar disorder is one of the world’s 10 most disabling conditions, taking away years of healthy functioning from individuals, all bipolar disorders are chronically recurring illnesses associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Impulsivity considered an integral part of bipolar disorder. Operationalized as a predisposition to action without reﬂection or regard for consequences. Potential consequences of this increased impulsivity include substance abuse, suicidal attempts, and other serious behavioral problems. Aim of the Study The aim of the current study was to measure impulsivity in both BD euthymic patients and in healthy first-degree relatives of BD patients. And to assess the functional implications of impulsiveness, on psychosocial functioning and in bipolar disorder patients, their first-degree relatives. Patients and Methods A convenient sample of 50 patients; diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were selected from the general adult psychiatry clinics and a convenient sample of 50 healthy first degree relatives of BD patients. Results We concluded by the end of this study that both cases and relatives have high overall impulsivity, and cases have higher impulsivity in comparison to relatives. Conclusion We suggest that impulsivity may be a potentially valuable candidate endophenotype for bipolar disorder.

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Objective and subjective psychosocial functioning in bipolar disorder: An investigation of the relative importance of neurocognition, social cognition and emotion regulation

Journal of Affective Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.jad.2014.03.043 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 162 ◽

pp. 134-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen ◽

Susan L. Rossell

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Emotion Regulation ◽

Social Cognition ◽

Psychosocial Functioning ◽

Relative Importance ◽

Cognition And Emotion

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Combining Medication Treatment and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Bipolar Disorder

Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy ◽

10.1891/088983907780493304 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 7-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Monica Ramirez Basco ◽

Gretchen Ladd ◽

Diane S. Myers ◽

David Tyler

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Cognitive Processing ◽

Psychosocial Functioning ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Work Productivity ◽

Behavioral Model ◽

Behavioral Changes ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Family Responsibilities ◽

Dsm Iv

Bipolar disorder (BPD) is a severe, recurrent psychiatric illness characterized by a chronic course of vacillating episodes of major depression and mania that impair functioning across many psychosocial domains (DSM–IV; DSM–IV-TR). Within each type of episode, changes occur in mood, cognitive processing, and regulation of vegetative functioning. Typical mood shifts include sadness (in depression) or euphoria (in mania). Either state can produce irritability, anxiety, and anger. In addition, both the process and the content of cognitive functioning are altered. Typical changes in process include decreased speed of thought in depression and increased speed of thought in mania. Content changes include negativity in depression and in mixed states, and grandiosity or paranoia in manic states. According to the cognitive-behavioral model of BPD (Basco & Rush, 2005), these changes in mood and cognition are accompanied by behavioral changes, typically increases in activity in mania and decreases in activity in depression. These behavioral changes, in turn, generally have a negative impact on the individual’s psychosocial functioning, such as slowed work productivity, neglect of household or family responsibilities, and reduced involvement in social activities, bring negative consequences to patients as well as those in their primary support groups. In mania, risk taking, disorganized behavior, sleep loss, and reduced medication adherence quickly exacerbate symptoms, reduce quality of functioning, and create significant psychosocial problems. BPD is sensitive to stress (Goodwin & Jamison, 1990). As symptoms alter functioning, new stressors are created as a consequence. Added stress exacerbates symptoms, and functioning may decline further.

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