Studies of Endothelin-Converting Enzyme in Bovine Endothelial Cells and Vascular Smooth-Muscle Cells: Further Characterization of the Biosynthetic Process

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. S46-S48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Corder ◽  
Noorafza Khan ◽  
Stewart Barker
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Endothelin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Bovine Endothelial Cells

scholarly journals A REVIEW ON ENDOTHELINS: AN UPDATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Anitha Nandagopal ◽  
Mubeen Unnisa Shamsia
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Endothelin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Eta Receptor ◽  
Potent Vasoconstrictor

 Endothelin (ET) is the most potent vasoconstrictor. It is secreted by the endothelial cells. At low concentration, it acts as an agonist for endothelium-derived relaxing factors and thereby causes vasodilatation, and at higher concentration it acts as a potent vasoconstrictor. It is synthesized by proteolytic cleavage of preproendothelin to proendothelin by the action of metallopeptidases and chymase, which is further cleaved into mature form of ET by endothelin converting enzyme. There are four isoforms of ET, namely, ET-1, ET-2, ET-3, and ET-4. ET acts on 2 types of receptors. Binding of ET-1 to ETA receptor at the vascular smooth muscle cells induces vasoconstriction. It also produces vasoconstriction by acting on the ETB2 receptor of vascular smooth muscle cells but promotes vasodilatation at ETB1 receptor present on the endothelial cell.

Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Inhibit the Plasminogen Activators Secreted by Endothelial Cells

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (02) ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter E Laug
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Plasminogen Activators ◽  
Bovine Endothelial Cells

SummaryTPure cultures of bovine endothelial cells (EC) produce and secrete large amounts of plasminogen activators (PA). Cocultivation of EC with vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) resulted in a significant decrease of PA activities secreted by the EC, whereas the cellular PA activities remained unaffected. Secreted PA activities were absent in the growth medium as long as the SMC to EC ratio was 2:1 or higher. The PA inhibitory activity of the SMC was rapid and cell-to-cell contact was not necessary.The PA inhibitory activity was present in homogenates of SMC as well as in the medium conditioned by them but not in the extracellular matrix elaborated by these cells. Serum free medium conditioned by SMC neutralized both tissue type (t-PA) and urokinase like (u-PA) plasminogen activators. Gel electrophoretic analysis of SMC conditioned medium followed by reverse fibrin autography demonstrated PA inhibitory activities in the molecular weight (Mr) range of 50,000 to 52,000 similar to those present in media conditioned by bovine endothelial cells or fibroblasts. Regular fibrin zymography of SMC conditioned medium incubated with u-PA or t-PA revealed the presence of a component with a calculated approximate Mr of 45,000 to 50,000 which formed SDS resistant complexes with both types of PA.These data demonstrate that vascular SMC produce and secrete (a) inhibitor(s) of PAs which may influence the fibrinolytic potential of EC.

Phosphoramidon-sensitive endothelin converting enzyme in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells converts big endothelin-3 to endothelin-3

Life Sciences ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaeko Tsukahara ◽  
Yasuo Matsumura ◽  
Kazuko Kuninobu ◽  
Takayo Kojima ◽  
Masanori Takaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Endothelin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Endothelin 3

Endothelial Cells Inhibit NO Generation by Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1263-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio López Farré ◽  
Juan R. Mosquera ◽  
Lourdes Sánchez de Miguel ◽  
Inmaculada Millás ◽  
Trinidad de Frutos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells

scholarly journals Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue-Derived Adiponectin in Vascular Homeostasis

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1485
Author(s):  
Adrian Sowka ◽  
Pawel Dobrzyn
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue

Studies of adipose tissue biology have demonstrated that adipose tissue should be considered as both passive, energy-storing tissue and an endocrine organ because of the secretion of adipose-specific factors, called adipokines. Adiponectin is a well-described homeostatic adipokine with metabolic properties. It regulates whole-body energy status through the induction of fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake. Adiponectin also has anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic properties, making it an interesting subject of biomedical studies. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a fat depot that is conterminous to the vascular wall and acts on it in a paracrine manner through adipokine secretion. PVAT-derived adiponectin can act on the vascular wall through endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. The present review describes adiponectin’s structure, receptors, and main signaling pathways. We further discuss recent studies of the extent and nature of crosstalk between PVAT-derived adiponectin and endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and atherosclerotic plaques. Furthermore, we argue whether adiponectin and its receptors may be considered putative therapeutic targets.

Pharmacological and Functional Characterization of Bradykinin Receptors in Rat Cultured Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 853-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuen-Mao Yang ◽  
Yih-Jeng Tsai ◽  
Shiow-Lin Pan ◽  
Wen-Bin Wu ◽  
Chuan-Chwan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Bradykinin Receptors
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