Voiding Cystourethrography Using the Suprapubic Versus Transurethral Route in Infants and Children: Results of a Prospective Pain Scale Oriented Study

2002 ◽  
pp. 2586-2589
Author(s):  
JOSEF OSWALD ◽  
MARCUS RICCABONA ◽  
LUKAS LUSUARDI ◽  
HANNO ULMER ◽  
GEORG BARTSCH ◽  
...  
2002 ◽  
Vol 168 (6) ◽  
pp. 2586-2589 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEF OSWALD ◽  
MARCUS RICCABONA ◽  
LUKAS LUSUARDI ◽  
HANNO ULMER ◽  
GEORG BARTSCH ◽  
...  

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 846-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Perisinakis ◽  
Maria Raissaki ◽  
John Damilakis ◽  
John Stratakis ◽  
John Neratzoulakis ◽  
...  

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e016225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne J Crellin ◽  
Denise Harrison ◽  
Adrian Hutchinson ◽  
Tibor Schuster ◽  
Nick Santamaria ◽  
...  

IntroductionInfants and children are frequently exposed to painful medical procedures such as immunisation, blood sampling and intravenous access. Over 40 scales for pain assessment are available, many designed for neonatal or postoperative pain. What is not well understood is how well these scales perform when used to assess procedural pain in infants and children.AimThe aim of this study was to test the psychometric and practical properties of the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability (FLACC) scale, the Modified Behavioural Pain Scale (MBPS) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) observer pain scale to quantify procedural pain intensity in infants and children aged from 6–42 months to determine their suitability for clinical and research purposes.Methods and analysisA prospective observational non-interventional study conducted at a single centre. The psychometric and practical performance of the FLACC scale, MBPS and the VAS observer pain scale and VAS observer distress scale used to assess children experiencing procedural pain will be assessed. Infants and young children aged 6–42 months undergoing one of four painful and/or distressing procedures were recruited and the procedure digitally video recorded. Clinicians and psychologists will be recruited to independently apply the scales to these video recordings to establish intrarater and inter-rater reliability, convergent validity responsiveness and specificity. Pain score distributions will be presented descriptively; reliability will be assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plots. Spearman correlations will be used to assess convergence and linear mixed modelling to explore the responsiveness of the scales to pain and their capacity to distinguish between pain and distress.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was provided by the Royal Children’s Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee, approval number 35220B. The findings of this study will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences.


1978 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Cranley ◽  
John F. O'Connor ◽  
Neil R. Feins

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan W. McCreery ◽  
Elizabeth A. Walker ◽  
Meredith Spratford

The effectiveness of amplification for infants and children can be mediated by how much the child uses the device. Existing research suggests that establishing hearing aid use can be challenging. A wide range of factors can influence hearing aid use in children, including the child's age, degree of hearing loss, and socioeconomic status. Audiological interventions, including using validated prescriptive approaches and verification, performing on-going training and orientation, and communicating with caregivers about hearing aid use can also increase hearing aid use by infants and children. Case examples are used to highlight the factors that influence hearing aid use. Potential management strategies and future research needs are also discussed.


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