BIOMECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF THE CALF MUSCLE-TENDON UNIT IN ACHILLES TENDON RUPTURE PATIENTS

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S18
Author(s):  
B T. Larsen ◽  
E Bressel ◽  
E M. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Biomechanical Behavior

Changes in Tendon Elongation and Muscle Atrophy Over Time After Achilles Tendon Rupture Repair: A Prospective Cohort Study on the Effects of Early Functional Mobilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (13) ◽  
pp. 3296-3305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Aufwerber ◽  
Gunnar Edman ◽  
Karin Grävare Silbernagel ◽  
Paul W. Ackermann
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tendon Elongation ◽  
Over Time

Background: Early functional mobilization (EFM) may improve patient outcome after Achilles tendon rupture (ATR). However, whether EFM affects patient outcome via changes in tendon elongation, thickening, or calf muscle atrophy is unknown. Purpose: To analyze differences in tendon and muscle morphology recovery over time between groups treated with EFM or standard treatment after ATR repair. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 86 patients (20 women) with ATR repair who had a mean (SD) age of 39.3 (8.2) years and were part of a larger prospective randomized controlled trial. Patients were postoperatively randomized to immediate postoperative weightbearing and ankle motion (EFM group) or to immobilization in a below-knee plaster cast for 2 weeks (control group). Patient-reported and functional outcomes were assessed at 6 and 12 months with the Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score and the heel-rise test for endurance. At 2 and 6 weeks and 6 and 12 months postoperatively, B-mode ultrasound imaging was performed to assess the length and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the Achilles tendon, the gastrocnemius CSA, as well as the thickness of soleus. Results: The Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score for the EFM and control groups were 65.8 (18.7) and 56.8 (20.1; P = .045), respectively, at 6 months and 79.6 (15.8) and 78.9 (17.2; P = .87), respectively, at 12 months. At 2 weeks, tendon elongation was significantly more pronounced in the EFM group as compared with the control group (mean side-to-side difference, 1.88 cm vs 0.71 cm; P = .005). Subsequently, tendon elongation increased in the control group while it decreased in the EFM group so that at 6 and 12 months no significant differences between groups were found. Mean Achilles tendon elongation at 1 year was 1.73 (1.07) cm for the EFM group (n = 55) and 1.67 (0.92) cm for the control group (n = 27), with a mean difference of 0.06 cm (95% CI, 0.54 to –0.42; P = .80). Achilles tendon CSA and calf muscle atrophy displayed no significant differences between the groups; however, significant changes were demonstrated over time ( P ≤ .001) in both groups. Conclusion: EFM results in more Achilles tendon elongation at early healing, but this difference subsides over time. EFM does not seem to affect patient outcome via changes in tendon elongation, thickening, or calf muscle atrophy. Registration: NCT02318472 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).

scholarly journals Calf Muscle Atrophy and Achilles Tendon Elongation After Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. e129-e130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juuso Heikkinen ◽  
Iikka Lantto ◽  
Tapio Flinkkila ◽  
Pertti Siira ◽  
Vesa Laine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Tendon Elongation

Recovery of Calf Muscle Strength Following Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture Treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderik Metz ◽  
Geert J. M. G. van der Heijden ◽  
Egbert-Jan M. M. Verleisdonk ◽  
Rob Tamminga ◽  
Christiaan van der Werken
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Calf Muscle

scholarly journals Calf muscle functional deficit 1-year after Achilles tendon rupture repair surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Vaida Aleknavičiūtė Ablonske ◽  
Albertas Skurvydas ◽  
Sigitas Balčiūnas ◽  
Vilma Juodžbalienė
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Open Surgical Repair ◽  
Biomechanical Behavior ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Calf Muscles

The primary muscles responsible for plantar flexion movement are soleus and gastrocnemius which connects to the calcaneus by the Achilles tendon. Achilles tendon rupture is managed most often with open surgical repair in which the affected limb is immobilized. Understanding the effects of long-term immobilization, how these lead to changes in the physiological properties of the calf muscles changes, may help to improve rehabilitation. Investigating the biomechanical behavior of the calf muscles may provide a better understanding of how the inferior material properties of a scarred Achilles tendon may influence the more global structural properties of the intact muscles

scholarly journals Impact of Physiotherapy on the Calf Muscle Torque Variability after Achilles Tendon Rupture

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaida Aleknavičiūtė ◽  
Rima Solianik ◽  
Dovilė Kielė ◽  
Laimutis Škikas ◽  
Nerijus Masiulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Muscle Torque ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Contraction Torque ◽  
Flexion And Extension

It has been established that muscle torque variability determines movement stability during the task [1]. Calf muscle weakness, ankle range of motion reduction and postural misbalance are common pathological limitations after Achilles tendon rupture (ATR). Most studies analyse rehabilitation influence for muscle strength and body balance, but there is a lack of information about calf muscle torque variability. The aim of the study was to determine ankle plantar flexion and dorsal flexion muscle maximal voluntary contraction torque and variability Q. Organization and methods. We measured five males, (aged 29 ± 6) after 6.5 – week surgery of ATR. Participants performed isometric ankle flexion and extension force with injured and non-injured legs. Muscles maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque and torque variability were measured at –15°; 0°; 15° angles. The variability of target force was 20% of MVC torque. Rehabilitation programme consisted of balance, muscle strength and stretching exercises. Calf muscle MVC torque and variability were observed before and after 8-week rehabilitation. The results of the research. We determined that after physiotherapy the injured and the non-injured leg isometric ankle flexion and extension muscle MVC torque increased and muscle torque variability decreased.Keywords: muscle torque variability, isometric maximal voluntary contraction torque, rehabilitation suformavimas.

Calf Muscle Performance Deficits Remain 7 Years After an Achilles Tendon Rupture

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 470-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelie Brorsson ◽  
Karin Grävare Silbernagel ◽  
Nicklas Olsson ◽  
Katarina Nilsson Helander
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Rise Height

Background: Optimizing calf muscle performance seems to play an important role in minimizing impairments and symptoms after an Achilles tendon rupture (ATR). The literature lacks long-term follow-up studies after ATR that describe calf muscle performance over time. Purpose: The primary aim was to evaluate calf muscle performance and patient-reported outcomes at a mean of 7 years after ATR in patients included in a prospective, randomized controlled trial. A secondary aim was to evaluate whether improvement in calf muscle performance continued after the 2-year follow-up. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Sixty-six subjects (13 women, 53 men) with a mean age of 50 years (SD, 8.5 years) were evaluated at a mean of 7 years (SD, 1 year) years after their ATR. Thirty-four subjects had surgical treatment and 32 had nonsurgical treatment. Patient-reported outcomes were evaluated with Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) and Physical Activity Scale (PAS). Calf muscle performance was evaluated with single-leg standing heel-rise test, concentric strength power heel-rise test, and single-legged hop for distance. Limb Symmetry Index (LSI = injured side/healthy side × 100) was calculated for side-to-side differences. Results: Seven years after ATR, the injured side showed decreased values in all calf muscle performance tests ( P < .001-.012). Significant improvement in calf muscle performance did not continue after the 2-year follow-up. Heel-rise height increased significantly ( P = .002) between the 1-year (10.8 cm) and the 7-year (11.5 cm) follow-up assessments. The median ATRS was 96 (of a possible score of 100) and the median PAS was 4 (of a possible score of 6), indicating minor patient-reported symptoms and fairly high physical activity. No significant differences were found in calf muscle performance or patient-reported outcomes between the treatment groups except for the LSI for heel-rise repetitions. Conclusion: Continued deficits in calf muscle endurance and strength remained 7 years after ATR. No continued improvement in calf muscle performance occurred after the 2-year follow-up except for heel-rise height.

Recovery of calf muscle endurance 3 months after an Achilles tendon rupture

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 844-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brorsson ◽  
N. Olsson ◽  
K. Nilsson-Helander ◽  
J. Karlsson ◽  
B. I. Eriksson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Muscle Endurance
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