Implications of the HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis Project for the Efforts of State, Territorial, and Local Health Departments

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. S134-S136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie M. Scofield ◽  
Raymond A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Aids Prevention ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Prevention Research ◽  
Health Departments ◽  
Local Health Departments ◽  
Hiv Aids

Research Synthesis, HIV Prevention Response, and Public Health: CDC’s HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis Project

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492098887
Author(s):  
Linda J. Koenig ◽  
Cynthia M. Lyles ◽  
Darrel Higa ◽  
Mary M. Mullins ◽  
Theresa A. Sipe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Aids Prevention ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Translation ◽  
Prevention Research ◽  
Hiv Aids

Objective Research synthesis, through qualitative or quantitative systematic reviews, allows for integrating results of primary research to improve public health. We examined more than 2 decades of work in HIV prevention by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis (PRS) Project. We describe the context and contributions of research synthesis, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses, through the experience of the PRS Project. Methods We reviewed PRS Project publications and products and summarized PRS contributions from 1996 to July 2020 in 4 areas: synthesis of interventions and epidemiologic studies, synthesis methods, prevention programs, and prevention policy. Results PRS Project publications summarized risk behaviors and effects of prevention interventions (eg, changing one’s perception of risk, teaching condom negotiation skills) across populations at risk for HIV infection and intervention approaches (eg, one-on-one or group meetings) as the HIV/AIDS epidemic and science evolved. We used the PRS Project cumulative database and intervention efficacy reviews to contribute to prevention programs and policies through identification of evidence-based interventions and development of program guidance. Subject matter experts and scientific evidence informed PRS Project products and contributions, which were implemented through strategic programmatic partnerships. Conclusions The contributions of the PRS Project to HIV prevention and public health efforts in the United States can be credited to CDC’s long-standing support of the project and its context within a federal prevention agency, where HIV programs and policies were developed and implemented. The effect of the PRS Project was likely facilitated by opportunities to directly influence program and policy because of connections with other research translation activities and program and policy decision making within CDC.

The HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis Project: Scope, Methods, and Study Classification Results

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. S15-S29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Sogolow ◽  
Greet Peersman ◽  
Salaam Semaan ◽  
Darcy Strouse ◽  
Cynthia M. Lyles
Keyword(s):  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Aids Prevention ◽  
Prevention Research ◽  
Hiv Aids

The HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis Project: Scope, Methods, and Study Classification Results

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. S15-S29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Sogolow ◽  
Greet Peersman ◽  
Salaam Semaan ◽  
Darcy Strouse ◽  
Cynthia M. Lyles
Keyword(s):  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Aids Prevention ◽  
Prevention Research ◽  
Hiv Aids

Patterns of Cross-Sector Collaboration in Local Health Departments: A Cluster Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483992097298
Author(s):  
Alexis K. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Health Departments ◽  
Local Health Departments ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Cluster Assignment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Top Executive

Local health departments (LHDs) are positioned to act as the community health strategist for their catchment area, which requires cross-sector collaboration. However, little research exists to understand how much and what types of cross-sector collaboration occur and its impact on LHD practice. Data from 490 LHDs who participated in the 2016 National Profile of Local Health Departments survey were analyzed to identify patterns of cross-sector collaboration among LHDs. In the survey, LHDs reported the presence of collaborative activities for each of 22 categories of organizations. Factor analysis was used to identify patterns in the types of organizations with which LHDs collaborate. Then, cluster analysis was conducted to identify patterns in the types of cross-sector collaboration, and cross-sectional analyses examined which LHD characteristics were associated with cluster assignment. LHDs collaborated most with traditional health care–oriented organizations, but less often with organizations focused on upstream determinants of health such as housing. Three distinct clusters represented collaboration patterns in LHDs: coordinators, networkers, and low-collaborators. LHDs who were low-collaborators were more likely to serve smaller populations, be unaccredited, have a smaller workforce, have a White top executive, and have a top executive without a graduate degree. These findings imply that public health practitioners should prioritize building bridges to a variety of organizations and engage in collaboration beyond information sharing. Furthermore, LHDs should prioritize accreditation and workforce development activities for supporting cross-sector collaboration. With these investments, the public health system can better address the social and structural determinants of health and promote health equity.

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